Artículos (Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno)

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://hdl.handle.net/11441/24701

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Bespoke footbridge for studying pedestrian-structure interaction with vertical vibration
(American Society of Civil Engineers, 2025-01) García Diéguez, Marta; Zapico Blanco, Beatriz; Živanovic, Stana; Zapico Valle, José Luís; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO). España; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP107: Estructuras y Geotecnia
Progress in quantifying and codifying pedestrian–structure interaction with a vertical structural vibration and the effects on both human beings and structures has been slow, primarily owing to a lack of experimental facilities that can simulate a wide range of vibration conditions. To accelerate the progress of pedestrian–structure interaction research, a new experimental facility (the UNIOVI footbridge) has been developed at the University of Oviedo, Gijón, Spain, and is presented in this paper. The UNIOVI footbridge is a unique laboratory structure, whose fundamental vertical vibration mode can be finely tuned in the frequency range between 1.6 and 9.3 Hz by altering its mass or stiffness. The clear separation of the first vibration mode from higher vibration modes and a low damping ratio make the structure ideal for interaction studies. The paper describes unique features of the facility and provides analytical expressions for modeling its dynamics. Time-domain procedures based on free decay response data are proposed to identify the dynamic parameters of both the structure and the human body in stationary postures. The use of the facility was successfully demonstrated by identifying body dynamics for six test subjects in three passive postures: one standing posture and two instantaneous postures extracted from the walking gait. The next task is to employ the facility in studying walking, for which the facility was primarily designed.
Optimisation of steel bars to repair and reinforce masonries
(Elsevier, 2024) Rodríguez-Mayorga, Esperanza; Fernández Ancio, Fernando; Hortigón Fuentes, Beatriz; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Mecánica de Medios Continuos y Teoría de Estructuras
The insertion of rebars in masonry is a well-established repair and reinforcing technique. To this end, standard thin rebars are usually employed. In this research, the standard Spanish shape for the stainless-steel wires and rebars is optimised, from the bonding point of view, to work while both highly confined and thinly covered by mortar, thereby reproducing the conditions of rebars between masonry units. A detailed finite-element analysis is employed to choose the best-performing model from of a set of possible designs of 5-mm diameter rebars. The standard shape is set as the starting point for the design of these rebars. In the analyses, the influence of the shape of the ribs, the orientation of the ribs, and the spacing between the ribs on bonding is assessed by finite-element analysis. Finally, a prototype of the best-performing design is manufactured and tested in the laboratory. In order to reproduce more accurately the boundary conditions of rebars once inserted into ma sonries, the standard pull-out test has been adapted with certain modifications expressly designed for this research. The comparison of results with those attained by the standard rebar confirms the improvement achieved by the new design.
Numerical and experimental validation of the solar radiation transfer for an egg-crate shading device under Mediterranean climate conditions
(Pergamon-Elsevier, 2019) Domínguez Torres, Carlos Antonio; León-Rodríguez, Ángel Luis; Suárez, Rafael; Domínguez Delgado, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Matemática Aplicada I (ETSII); Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas I (ETSA)
Future global warming scenarios will have a significant influence on existing building, especially in those most vulnerable due to major percentages of glazed area. Increasing temperatures will result in an increase in energy consumption due to cooling, especially in the Mediterranean climate with high solar radiation levels. Sun protection systems may be one of the first strategies employed to resolve this issue. Among these, bidirectional shading devices display an excellent behavior although its numerical simulation is very difficult. This research aims to develop an open source numerical method to calculate the short wave solar transmittance in an egg-crate shading device for use in the rehabilitation of tertiary buildings in Mediterranean climate. For this purpose a dynamic three-dimensional hybrid model has been developed combining raytracing and radiosity methods. The numerical method has been validated with monitoring data in southern Spain. The results obtained confirmed the accuracy of the model and the suitability of this type of shading devices in reducing the solar gains in summer with reduced blocking of solar radiation in winter.
Pneumatic concrete laminar structures revisited: a singular architectural structural type
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2024) López Ortiz, Elena; Pineda Palomo, Paloma; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno
The 20th century was a time for architectural change, technical innovation and the search for affordable construction and prefabrication. In this context, pneumatic concrete laminar structures represent the advances towards a new architecture that could give answers to the challenges of the century. This work identifies the systems that were explored during that period and describes the experimental designs developed by W. Neff, H. Heifetz, H. Isler, D. B. South and D. Bini. In addition, the adaptation capability of this singular type and the reasons that caused the abandonment of these structures are also analysed
Experimental validation of a dynamic numeric model to simulate the thermal behavior of a facade
(Pergamon Elsevier, 2022) Domínguez Torres, Carlos Antonio; Suárez, Rafael; León-Rodríguez, Ángel Luis; Domínguez Delgado, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Matemática Aplicada I (ETSII); Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas I (ETSA); Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno
The process of analysis and design of energy saving measures aimed to reduce building energy consumption, both in the design of new constructions and in the refurbishment of existing ones, has led to the need to solve increasingly complex problems with the consequent demand to develop complex models and new calculation tools, which often entails the coupling of different models each one of them to solve a specific task and always under the requirement of obtaining accurate and reliable results. This article presents a modular dynamic model based on a finite difference scheme with matching conditions between wall layers to record the different thermophysical properties of layer materials and accurately compute the heat flux through the building envelope. The aim of this model is to simulate the energy behavior of building envelopes and to allow the connection, via a co-simulation procedure, with other codes based in models for addressing complex issues usually not included in standard Building Energy Simulation (BES) tools. For that, the simulation model was designed with a modular structure in order to facilitate its connection, when required, to other codes written in C++. The thermal model has been validated experimentally, using data from two full-scale outdoor test cells with different façade constructive solutions for different ventilation and blind opening regimes. An additional code-to-code comparison was also performed between the developed model and the Energy-Plus software to complement the results of the experimental validation. The results obtained in the validation process show the ability of the proposed numerical model to simulate the energy performance of the envelope and of the test cell globally in a wide variety of situations, predicting internal air temperature and envelope internal surfaces temperatures which meet the requirements usually established for the validation of building energy simulation tools. The numerical formulation of the introduced model and its characteristics that combine flexibility, modularity and accuracy for the calculation of the thermal behavior of a façade and is able of an easy connection to external codes written in C++ to solve more complex problems, allow to consider the present work as innovative and novelty on the literature.
Impact of the soil-foundation-structure interaction in the seismic behaviour of a heritage masonry tower: The Giralda of Seville
(Elsevier, 2024-09) Romero Sánchez, Emilio; Requena García de la Cruz, María Victoria; Morales Esteban, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICINN). España; European Commission (EC). Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER); Universidad de Sevilla. TEP107: Estructuras y Geotecnia
The seismic safety of heritage buildings may be affected by the interaction between the soil, the foundation and the structure, which is usually neglected in conventional seismic assessments. These factors are particularly important in the case of slender constructions, such as masonry towers, over soft strata. Hence, this work deals with the influence of the soil-foundation-structure interaction in the seismic behaviour of complex heritage masonry towers. The investigations have been carried out considering the case study of the Giralda tower in Seville, Spain. The region is an earthquake-prone area, characterised by far away very large earthquakes with long-return periods. The Giralda tower is a slender brick unreinforced masonry tower, 95 m high and about 13 m wide. It features a high artistic value and popularity as it has been the historical symbol of the city. It was declared a UNESCO Word Heritage Site of Outstanding Universal Value in 1987. Apart from its slenderness, the tower presents some other seismic vulnerabilities: openings irregularities, material heterogeneity and the position of a belfry on the top. Furthermore, the building is placed on soft alluvial strata and has a shallow foundation. Likewise, the tower has a considerable weight, which has caused large settlements. A thorough evaluation of the soil, the foundation and the structure has been carried out to develop a complex and detailed finite element model. Macro mechanical elements and the direct method have been used to develop the numerical model of the tower in the OpenSees framework. Free ambient vibration tests and non-destructive experiments have been used to calibrate the model. Its dynamic behaviour has been evaluated considering the seismic action suggested by the Spanish Code and those determined through a seismic response analysis, bearing in mind different return periods and considering real ground motions. Finally, the numerical results showed that the effect of the soil and the foundation have a significant impact on the seismic behaviour of the bell tower, amplifying the acceleration and its damage at the top.
Digital tools for the preventive conservation of built heritage: the Church of Santa Ana in Seville
(MDPI, 2024-06-30) Chaves Moreno, Estefanía; Aguilar Valseca, Jaime; Barontini, Alberto; Mendes, Nuno; Compán Cardiel, Víctor Jesús; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia. Portugal; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP114: Tecnología Arquitectónica
Historic Building Information Modelling (HBIM) plays a pivotal role in heritage conservation endeavours, offering a robust framework for digitally documenting existing structures and supporting conservation practices. However, HBIM’s efficacy hinges upon the implementation of case-specific approaches to address the requirements and resources of each individual asset and context. This paper defines a flexible and generalisable workflow that encompasses various aspects (i.e., documentation, surveying, vulnerability assessment) to support risk-informed decision making in heritage management tailored to the peculiar conservation needs of the structure. This methodology includes an initial investigation covering historical data collection, metric and condition surveys and non-destructive testing. The second stage includes Finite Element Method (FEM) modelling and structural analysis. All data generated and processed are managed in a multi-purpose HBIM model. The methodology is tested on a relevant case study, namely, the church of Santa Ana in Seville, chosen for its historical significance, intricacy and susceptibility to seismic action. The defined level of detail of the HBIM model is sufficient to inform the structural analysis, being balanced by a more accurate representation of the alterations, through linked orthophotos and a comprehensive list of alphanumerical parameters. This ensures an adequate level of information, optimising the trade-off between model complexity, investigation time requirements, computational burden and reliability in the decision-making process. Field testing and FEM analysis provide valuable insight into the main sources of vulnerability in the building, including the connection between the tower and nave and the slenderness of the columns.
Impact of radiative cooling on the energy performance of courtyards in Mediterranean climate
(Springer, 2024-08-08) Domínguez Torres, Carlos Antonio; Domínguez Delgado, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Matemática Aplicada I (ETSII); Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO). España; European Commission (EC). Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER); Universidad de Sevilla. HUM965: Transhumancias: Hábitat, Salud, Patrimonio, Tecnología y Arte
Radiative cooling has proven to be a useful tool to address the problems of lack of comfort and excessive energy consumption in situations of high temperatures, overheating and heat waves. Likewise, incorporating courtyards in warm climate zones has been found to be highly beneficial in addressing similar challenges. Hence, there is interest in analyzing the combined effects of both: radiative cooling and courtyards. This paper presents an analysis of the impact of the application of radiative cooling on a courtyard using a comprehensive simulation approach that includes a CFD model for the thermodynamic airflow in the adjacent roofs and inside the courtyard, equations for the transient heat conduction through roofs, walls and courtyard slabs, and a hybrid raytracing-radiosity model for the evaluation of the solar radiation reaching the building surfaces and its reflections, both of specular and diffuse origin, and for the calculation of the thermal radiation exchange, especially with the sky. The results show that in the hot season, the courtyard with radiative cooling always provides lower temperatures than the initial courtyard does, with a temperature range of 18.33 °C to 33.78 °C, compared to a range of 19.32 °C to 38.00 °C in the initial courtyard, and producing a greater difference with outdoor temperatures that can reach 12 °C versus 8 °C for the reference case. In addition, it was found that the courtyard with radiative cooling is able to significantly reduce the observed nighttime overheating by providing lower temperatures than the outdoor temperatures in the 50% of the nights studied. It was also found that the thermal loads to achieve indoor thermal comfort in the spaces adjacent to the courtyard were reduced by 63.46% to 69.85%.
Analysis of the main geometrical characteristics that affect the bonding of ribs in rebars thinly covered to repair masonry structures
(Elsevier, 2021-11-01) Rodríguez-Mayorga, Esperanza; Hortigón Fuentes, Beatriz; Fernández Ancio, Fernando; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Mecánica de Medios Continuos y Teoría de Estructuras; European Commission (EC). Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER); Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP245: Ingeniería de las Estructuras; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP206: Sath Sostenibilidad en Arquitectura, Tecnología y Patrimonio: Materialidad y Sistemas Constructivos; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP963: Ingeniería de Estructuras y Materiales
The use of stainless steel rebars in the repair of masonry structures is widespread and has traditionally produced excellent results. In these cases, rebars usually present diameters of below 8 mm covered with thin layers of mortar or grout. Research is necessary to characterise bonding under these particular conditions, hitherto unavailable. In this research, the geometry of ribs is parameterised and later analysed through the Finite Element Method. To this end, the Microplane model and Cohesive zone model are employed. Based on the numerical results, the geometrical aspects of the ribs that mostly affect bonding are identified and discussed.
Identification of microplane coefficients to reproduce the behaviour of ultrafine blast-furnace slag binder grout samples
(Springer, 2024-08-17) Rodríguez-Mayorga, Esperanza; Jiménez Alonso, Javier Fernando; Santiago Espinal, José Antonio; Fernández Ancio, Fernando; Hortigón Fuentes, Beatriz; Universidad de Sevilla; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España; Junta de Andalucía; US.20-08; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP245: Ingeniería de las Estructuras; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP963: Ingeniería de Estructuras y Materiales; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP206: Sath Sostenibilidad en Arquitectura, Tecnología y Patrimonio: Materialidad y Sistemas Constructivos
Ultra-fine blast-furnace slag binders have recently been introduced to repair masonry. The reduced particle diameter of these binders makes them especially suitable for use as grouts, since this characteristic enables these grouts to fill even the smallest voids. The current necessity and effectiveness of Finite Element Analysis in any process concerning construction, repair or reinforcement of building structures remains unquestionable. In this way, the calibration of Finite Element material models for their correct performance has become compulsory. Regarding quasi-brittle materials, such as mortar and grouts, the Microplane model is recommended to reproduce their behaviour. This paper is targeted towards obtaining Microplane model coefficients to exactly reproduce the behaviour of ultrafine blast-furnace slag grout samples. To this end, several compressive tests have been carried on in order to obtain the experimental stress–strain curves that define the behaviour of these samples. Furthermore, reverse engineering by means of an optimisation algorithm successfully attained the possible coefficients to reproduce this material with the Microplane model. The correctness of these coefficients has been verified with a new campaign composed of compressive tests, Double Punch tests, and flexural tests. These tests have been reproduced by Finite Element Analysis, thereby confirming the accuracy of the set of coefficients. Thus, two are the main conclusions obtained: (1) the framework for the modelling of ultra-fine blast-furnace slag grout elements based-on the Microplane model has been proposed, implemented and validated; and (2) a value for the coefficients of the abovementioned model has been proposed.
La restauración del templo parroquial de San Dionisio (Jerez de la Frontera, España). La inyección como método de reparación de estructuras de fábrica
(Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC: Instituto Eduardo Torroja, 2013) Rodríguez-Mayorga, Esperanza; Yanes Bustamante, Emilio; Compán Cardiel, Víctor Jesús; Sáez Pérez, Andrés; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Mecánica de Medios Continuos y Teoría de Estructuras; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP245: Ingeniería de las Estructuras; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP114: Tecnología Arquitectónica
La Iglesia de San Dionisio es una de las más importantes desde el punto de vista histórico y patrimonial de Jerez de la Frontera (Cádiz). Al inicio del siglo XXI, varios pilares de la estructura comenzaron a presentar síntomas de agotamiento a compresión, hecho que condujo al cierre del templo. En 2005 se inició la investigación para identificar las causas del deterioro estructural y establecer una estrategia de reparación adecuada. El método aplicado para la reparación de la estructura fue la inyección con tubo-manguito. Frente a otros métodos de inyección previamente documentados en fábrica, la inyección con tubo-manguito permite aplicar presiones de inyección significativamente superiores, consiguiendo así una mayor homogeneización y mejora de las propiedades resistentes del material inyectado. Este artículo aborda la investigación llevada a cabo para caracterizar el origen de los daños, la descripción del procedimiento de reparación de la estructura y la evaluación de su efectividad.
Balancing construction and operational carbon emissions: Evaluating neighbourhood renovation strategies
(Elsevier, 2024) García López, Javier; Hernández Valencia, Miguel; Roa Fernández, Jorge; Mascort-Albea, Emilio J.; Herrera-Limones, Rafael; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas I (ETSA); Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno
Compliance with the global decarbonisation commitments set out in Horizon 2050 undoubtedly involves optimising the conditions of the housing stock. In this respect, the massive energy renovation of obsolete housing blocks in southern EU countries holds the key for the achievement of such compliance. This research strives to demonstrate the suitability of intervention strategies at district scale. For this purpose, an innovative methodology that combines open data, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Urban Energy Modelling (UBEM), and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is proposed and tested in a case study, whilst considering several renovation and new-building hypotheses. As an innovative approach, this study concurrently analyses greenhouse gas emissions arising from both use-related energy consumption (operational carbon footprint) and the construction process (embodied carbon footprint). This dual perspective provides added value to the results obtained, since it offers a more comprehensive representation of reality. Based on the results from the LCA and UBEM models, this study unveils the entire impact of residential energy use combined with either the carbon footprint of energy renovation or that of new buildings. The case study analysis reveals that total emissions, encompassing both embodied and operational aspects, are lower for retrofitting existing buildings when compared to new construction, up to Horizon 2050. Remarkably, this preference for renovation persists even as far as 2100. The study underscores the critical importance of upgrading the existing residential stock in order to achieve the ambitious goal of net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050.
El asiento de una capa finita según el método edométrico
(Ministerio de Fomento: Centro de Estudios y Experimentación de Obras Públicas, CEDEX, 2002) Justo Alpañés, José Luis de; Justo Moscardó, Enrique de; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP107: Estructuras y Geotecnia
Estructuras prefabricadas en zonas sísmicas
(Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC: Instituto Eduardo Torroja, 2003-04-30) Burón Caballero, José Manuel; Vega Catalán, Luis; Domínguez Álvarez, Aurelio; Tanner, Peter; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno
El comportamiento de las estructuras prefabricadas de hormigón armado y pretensado en zonas sísmicas depende, fundamentalmente, del tipo de unión que vincula los diferentes elementos prefabricados. Éstos se completan durante el proceso de montaje mediante la ejecución de los nudos, dotando a la estructura de su configuración definitiva para resistir las acciones de servicio. Cuando las estructuras prefabricadas presentan una tipología de unión en la que se da continuidad a las armaduras que configuran los nudos rígidos, se puede afirmar que el comportamiento de las mismas en zonas sísmicas es análogo al que corresponde a una estructura de hormigón construida "in situ", sin ningún tipo de limitación y, por tanto, son de aplicación las mismas exigencias normativas que las utilizadas, con carácter general, para el proyecto y construcción de las estructuras de hormigón estructural.
Methodologies and challenges for optimal sensor placement in historical masonry buildings
(MDPI, 2023-11-21) Chaves Moreno, Estefanía; Barontini, Alberto; Mendes, Nuno; Compán Cardiel, Víctor Jesús; Lourenço, Paulo B.; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia. Portugal; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP114: Tecnología Arquitectónica
As ageing structures and infrastructures become a global concern, structural health monitoring (SHM) is seen as a crucial tool for their cost-effective maintenance. Promising results obtained for modern and conventional constructions suggested the application of SHM to historical masonry buildings as well. However, this presents peculiar shortcomings and open challenges. One of the most relevant aspects that deserve more research is the optimisation of the sensor placement to tackle well-known issues in ambient vibration testing for such buildings. The present paper focuses on the application of optimal sensor placement (OSP) strategies for dynamic identification in historical masonry buildings. While OSP techniques have been extensively studied in various structural contexts, their application in historical masonry buildings remains relatively limited. This paper discusses the challenges and opportunities of OSP in this specific context, analysing and discussing real-world examples, as well as a numerical benchmark application to illustrate its complexities. This article aims to shed light on the progress and issues associated with OSP in masonry historical buildings, providing a detailed problem formulation, identifying ongoing challenges and presenting promising solutions for future improvements.
Las cubiertas desplegables de malla cuadrangular
(Universidade da Coruña: Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura, 1996) Escrig Pallarés, José Felix; Pérez Valcárcel, Juan; Sánchez Sánchez, José; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP114: Tecnología Arquitectónica
Las cubiertas desplegables han generado hasta el momento mucha literatura pero muy pocas realizaciones. Esto explica la importancia que tienen algunas de las aplicaciones que se han construido y que funcionan con eficacia. En este artículo se describen algunas de ellas, unas construidas y otras en proyecto para ser llevadas a la práctica. La más importante es la cubierta de la Piscina San Pablo de Sevilla, de 60x30 metros con un volumen cerrado de 1.100 metros en su estado abierto y 66 m2 plegada, incluidas Fig. 3 la estructura y todos los elementos complementarios. También se muestran otros ejemplos igualmente interesantes.
Preserving the Great Mosque of Córdoba (Spain): characterization of natural stone based on rebound hammer and ultrasonic tests
(MDPI, 2023-10-24) Rodríguez Mariscal, José Daniel; Zapico Blanco, Beatriz; Valverde Garrido, Natalia; García-Calabrés Ibáñez, Francisco Javier; González Pozo, Marta; Solís Muñiz, Mario; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Mecánica de Medios Continuos y Teoría de Estructuras; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP107: Estructuras y Geotecnia; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP245: Ingeniería de las Estructuras
The preservation of The Great Mosque of Córdoba (Spain) as a carrier of Andalusian collective memory requires innovative approaches to assess and maintain its structural health. This research centers on two non-destructive methods: direct ultrasound testing and rebound hammer. Laboratory tests were performed on natural stone provided by the primary material supplier for the Mosque’s restoration and rehabilitation works. Non-destructive and destructive tests were carried out over 10 ashlars and 100 cubic and prismatic specimens, which were cut from the ashlars. Tests were conducted in multiple directions to investigate stone anisotropy. Destructive testing indicated isotropy, but ultrasound test results disagreed. Sensitivity analysis of specimen dimensions affected result dispersion, but not average properties.
The importance of citizen participation in improving comfort and health in obsolete neighbourhoods affected by energy poverty
(Elsevier, 2024) Clavijo Núñez, Susana; Núñez Camarena, Gina Montserrat; Herrera-Limones, Rafael; Hernández Valencia, Miguel; Millán Jiménez, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas I (ETSA); Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno
This study analyses comfort and health in obsolete neighbourhoods in regions with high rates of energy poverty. The Polígono San Pablo in the city of Seville, Spain has been chosen as a case study. The research aims to highlight the importance of including participatory processes in the analysis of human rights issues, such as energy poverty. A hybrid and interdisciplinary methodology is presented which incorporates a citizen participation process. The aim is to use this methodology to identify how an obsolete building stock and lack of access to a basic energy service may be affecting people’s health. The main results obtained show the need to include citizen consultation to identify shortcomings and potentialities in obsolete neighbourhoods, especially in terms of energy education. This is expected to contribute to the creation of more effective local energy policies to address the multidimensional problem of energy poverty.
Restauración del Tajo de San Pedro en La Alhambra de Granada: Aspectos de cálculo
(Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, 2009) Justo Alpañés, José Luis de; Saura Martínez, Juan Francisco; Castro Fresno, Daniel; Azañón Hernández, José Miguel; Durand Neyra, Percy; Morales Esteban, Antonio; Vázquez Carretero, Narciso; Justo Alpañés, Enrique; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno
muralla-palacio, lajas, coeficiente de seguridad, impacto ambientalLa muralla-palacio de La Alhambra, que es Patrimonio de la Humanidad, se ve amenazada por el avance del Tajo de San Pedro (Figura1), un diedro de 65,5 m de altura, que corta la colina de La Alhambra y que se ha situado a sólo 23,8 m de ella. Existe en la zona un régimen tectónico de extensión que afloja el terreno y activa la caída de lajas. Otra causa importante del deterioro del Tajo es la erosión. El coeficiente de seguridad al deslizamiento del Tajo sometido al terremoto de periodo de retorno de 1.000 años es de 0,73. La solución propuesta para su preservación es una malla de alambre postesada de alto límite elástico y revegetación autóctona. La presión que puede llegar a aplicar la malla en servicio eleva el coeficiente de seguridad con sismo a un valor próximo a uno. Mediante una simulación en ordenador se ha analizado el impacto ambiental.
Estudio de la tenacidad a fractura (modo I) para la marga azul del Guadalquivir
(Sociedad Española de Integridad Estructural, 2023) Olivares Rodríguez, Pablo; Aranda Romero, María Teresa; Vázquez-Boza, Manuel; Durand Neyra, Percy; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Mecánica de Medios Continuos y Teoría de Estructuras
La Mec´anica de la fractura es una disciplina ampliamente desarrollada para un variado rango de materiales utilizados en aplicaciones cient´ıficas e ingenieriles. Sin embargo, para el caso de materiales tipo suelo y roca, las herramientas y aplicaciones necesarias para entender los procesos de fractura que pueden desarrollar son actualmente una labor en proceso. Este trabajo supone un primer paso en un futuro proyecto de investigaci´on acerca de la caracterizaci´on y modelizaci´on del comportamiento a fractura en suelos arcillosos, de la mano de la mec´anica de suelos parcialmente saturada y la plasticidad, las cuales tienen una alta influencia en este tipo de materiales. Como objetivo, se estudia el procedimiento para obtener una relaci´on lineal espec´ıfica entre la tenacidad a la fractura en modo I y la succi´on para la marga azul del Guadalquivir, en un rango de comportamiento fr´agil. Para obtener dicha relaci´on, se ha realizado una campa˜na experimental de ensayos mediante una serie de probetas semicirculares con diferentes succiones sometidas a flexi´on en tres puntos. En cuanto a los resultados, se obtienen las relaciones de comportamiento para el estudio cualitativo del comportamiento del material, y se hace uso de la regresi´on lineal para obtener finalmente la relaci´on expl´ıcita. Los resultados muestran de forma general que un aumento en la succi´on influye en un comportamiento m´as fr´agil asociado a un incremento de KIc.

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