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Acceso AbiertoArtículo
Stress, mental health, and protective factors in nursing students: An observational study
(Elsevier, 2024-05-21) Visier Alfonso, María Eugenia; Sarabia Cobo, Carmen María; Cobo Cuenca, Ana Isabel; Nieto López, Marta; López Honrubia, Rigoberto; Bartolomé Gutiérrez, Raquel; Alconero Camarero, Ana Rosa; González López, José Rafael; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Enfermería
Background Nursing students suffer high levels of stress, especially in the first year. Objectives to compare academic stress at the beginning and end of nursing studies; to analyse the relationships between academic stress, mental health, and protective factors; and to examine whether resilience mitigates the effect of academic stress on psychological well-being. Design A cross-sectional study. Setting and participants Sample was 370 first- and fourth-year nursing students from Spain (University of Castilla-La Mancha, University of Cantabria, and University of Sevilla). Variables and data collection We assessed academic and clinical stress, coping skills, anxiety, depression, psychological well-being, and resilience were measured. Data analysis We performed a descriptive analysis of the study sample, as well as correlation and hierarchical regression models. Additionally, mediation models were estimated. Results First-year students presented higher academic stress than fourth-year students. Clinical stress, anxiety, depression, and emotional coping predicted academic stress, while academic stress, depression, and coping skills predicted psychological well-being. Mediation models showed a significant path between academic stress, resilience, depression, and psychological well-being. Conclusion Academic stress has a detrimental effect on the mental health. Coping strategies and resilience may be protective factors that should be encouraged in interventions designed to improve psychological well-being.
Acceso AbiertoArtículo
Epidemiological and Clinical Characterization of Community, Healthcare-associated and Nosocomial Colonization and Infection Due to Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella Pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in Spain
(Urban und Vogel, 2024) Salamanca Rivera, E.; Palacios Baena, Z. R.; Cañada, J. E.; Moure, Z.; Pérez Vázquez, M.; Calvo Montes, J.; Martínez Martínez, L.; Cantón, R.; Delgado Valverde, María Mercedes; Pascual Hernández, Álvaro; Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; European Union (UE); Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO). España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERINFEC)
Background: Community-acquired (CA) and healthcare-associated (HCA) infections caused by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) are not well characterized. The objective was to provide detailed information about the clinical and molecular epidemiological features of nosocomial, HCA and CA infections caused by carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CP-Kp) and Escherichia coli (CP-Ec). Methods: A prospective cohort study was performed in 59 Spanish hospitals from February to March 2019, including the first 10 consecutive patients from whom CP-Kp or CP-Ec were isolated. Patients were stratified according to acquisition type. A multivariate analysis was performed to identify the impact of acquisition type in 30-day mortality. Results: Overall, 386 patients were included (363 [94%] with CP-Kp and 23 [6%] CP-Ec); in 296 patients (76.3%), the CPE was causing an infection. Acquisition was CA in 31 (8.0%) patients, HCA in 183 (47.4%) and nosocomial in 172 (48.3%). Among patients with a HCA acquisition, 100 (54.6%) had been previously admitted to hospital and 71 (38.8%) were nursing home residents. Urinary tract infections accounted for 19/23 (82.6%), 89/130 (68.5%) and 42/143 (29.4%) of CA, HCA and nosocomial infections, respectively. Overall, 68 infections (23%) were bacteremia (8.7%, 17.7% and 30.1% of CA, HCA and nosocomial, respectively). Mortality in infections was 28% (13%, 14.6% and 42.7% of CA, HCA and nosocomial, respectively). Nosocomial bloodstream infections were associated with increased odds for mortality (adjusted OR, 4.00; 95%CI 1.21–13.19). Conclusions: HCA and CA infections caused by CPE are frequent and clinically significant. This information may be useful for a better understanding of the epidemiology of CPE.
Acceso AbiertoPonencia
CMOS digital design of a trusted virtual sensor
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2017-11-30) Martínez Rodríguez, Macarena Cristina; Prada Delgado, Miguel Ángel; Brox Jiménez, Piedad; Baturone Castillo, María Iluminada; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Electrónica y Electromagnetismo; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO). España; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
This work presents the digital design of a trusted virtual sensor. The virtual sensor implements a piecewise-affine (PWA)-based model to estimate the sensed variable. The measurement is authenticated with the keyed-hash message authentication code (HMAC) standard. To ensure the integrity of the sensor, the static random access memory (SRAM) required by the sensor is also used as physical unclonable function (PUF). Implementation results of the design in a 90-nm CMOS technology show that the security blocks occupy 5.1% of the area occupied by the required PWA blocks and consume 15.4% of the power consumed by the required PWA blocks. The sensor is able to provide trusted outputs in 106.3 microseconds when working at 100 MHz.
Acceso AbiertoArtículo
Sinorhizobium Fredii HH103 flgJ is a Flagellar Gene Induced by Genistein in a NodD1- and TtsI- Dependent Manner
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Navarro Gómez, Pilar; Alias Villegas, Cynthia; Jiménez Guerrero, Irene; Fuentes Romero, Francisco; López Baena, Francisco Javier; Acosta Jurado, Sebastián; Vinardell González, José María; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España; Universidad de Sevilla
Background and aims: Sinorhizobium fredii HH103 is a broad host-range rhizobial strain able to induce the formation of nitrogen-fixing nodules in dozens of legumes, including soybean. S. fredii HH103 exhibits genistein-induced surface motility. The aim of this work has been to determine whether the flgJ gene, which is inducible by genistein and codes for a flagellar protein, is involved in this motility and is relevant for symbiosis with soybean. Methods: We have generated two independent mutants in the flgJ gene of HH103 and analysed their phenotypes in motility, exopolysaccharide production, biofilm formation, soybean root colonization, symbiosis with soybean, and secretion of effector proteins. We have also further studied the regulation of the expression of flgJ. Results: We show that the expression of flgJ is driven by a tts box previously not detected, which accounts for its induction by flavonoids and the NodD1 and TtsI transcriptional activators. Inactivation of flgJ led to severe impairments in bacterial motility (swimming and genistein-induced surface motility) as well as to a significant reduction in symbiotic performance with soybean when bacteria are not directly inoculated onto the seedling roots. However, the absence of a functional FlgJ protein did not affect the bacterial ability to colonize soybean roots. Conclusion: The flgJ gene of S. fredii HH103 connects the nod regulon with the genistein-induced surface motility exhibited by this rhizobial strain.
Acceso AbiertoPonencia
Trustworthy firmware update for Internet-of-Thing Devices using physical unclonable functions
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2017-08-24) Prada Delgado, Miguel Ángel; Vázquez Reyes, A.; Baturone Castillo, María Iluminada; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Electrónica y Electromagnetismo; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO). España
Connected devices that are part of the so-called Internet of Things (IoT) need to update their firmware over their lifetime. The problem is that updates can be used by attackers to inject malicious code. This work presents a lightweight protocol to update each device in a secure way. The cryptographic keys employed are fresh and are not stored but reconstructed by exploiting the Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) of the device hardware. The feasibility of the proposal is illustrated with experimental results of IoT devices that use the SRAM PUFs in their Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) system on chips.

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