Artículos (Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos)

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://hdl.handle.net/11441/11065

Examinar

Mostrando 1 - 20 de 551

Unpleasant mood reverses satiety's effect on tobacco reinforcement
(ELSEVIER, 2025) Martínez Loredo, Víctor; Ordoñez-Carrasco, Jorge L.; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; Antonio Gargallo University Foundation
Introduction: Despite empirical support of goal-directed behavior models of dependence, the role of mood on substance use is unclear. The Reinforcer Pathology (RP) model may be useful to describe it specific effects in substance-related variables. This study aims to test mood induction’s effect on tobacco demand and integrate results into the RP model. Methods: Sixty-two participants from the general population, aged 18–34, who smoked at least five cigarettes daily and presented no severe mental health conditions completed the study using a two-group design (betweensubject factor: pleasant vs unpleasant mood induction; within factor: pre-, post-induction). They complete measures of mood status, tobacco reinforcing efficacy, delay discounting, depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms, environmental reinforcement, negative/positive urgency and tobacco-related/free reinforcement. Before mood induction, all participants were sated with nicotine after being asked to smoke freely. Results: While pleasant mood reduced intensity, Omax and breakpoint and increased elasticity, unpleasant mood produced the opposite pattern. This effect was dose dependent and effect sizes were large (f = 0.39–0.50). Mood induction did not significantly affect delay discounting significantly. The association between classical RP variables and new candidates (emotional symptoms, pleasant/negative urgency, tobacco-related/free reinforcement) was differently influenced by mood valance (r = |.359–.532|). Conclusion: Results support the goal-directed behavior model of dependence and extend the RP model by integrating the role of mood induction. The effect of mood seems particularly large in intensity, Omax, and elasticity and this effect may depend on emotional regulation skills and contextual variables, such as substance-freeb reinforcement and environmental reward.
Negotiating relationships within multispecies families: analysing dilemmas on humanisation of the bond
(Springer, 2025) López-Cepero Borrego, Javier; Español Nogueiro, Alicia; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Psicología Experimental
The literature indicates that companions are frequently considered part of our families. But, what does it mean? This article examines how the relationship between humans and nonhuman animals is defined within the family organization. We organized three online focus groups interviews, and the analysis was conducted using reflexive thematic analysis. The relationships with animals seemed to be based on four themes: (1) external limits (legal, moral, and biological) that frame the human-animal relationship; (2) participants’ perception of their role within the relationship (e.g. caregivers); (3) characteristics perceived in the animal that determine her inclusion as a member of the family; and (4) level of humanisation understood from a two-dimensional model: according to the similarity between species and the balance between the needs of humans and non-human animals. These findings provide new perspectives on multispecies families and highlight unresolved dilemmas in dominant social discourses.
Navigating Stress, Support and Supervision: A Qualitative Study of Doctoral Student Wellbeing in Norwegian Academia
(Informing Science Institute, 2025) Martínez García, Inmaculada; García Martínez, Jesús; Cano García, Francisco Javier; De Witte, Hans; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos
Aim/Purpose This study addresses the need to understand the wellbeing of doctoral students and the factors influencing their academic trajectory. Background Doctoral students’ wellbeing is crucial for their academic success and overall quality of life. This study explores the antecedent variables influencing doctoral students’ wellbeing, complementing the Integrative Model on well-being in doctoral students. Methodology A qualitative case study approach was employed, involving in-depth interviews with 10 PhD students at a Norwegian university. Following the Integrative Model on doctoral students’ wellbeing, the study combined thematic and discourse analysis to examine students’ experiences and perceptions. Contribution This research provides insights into doctoral students’ experiences, feelings, and perceptions during their thesis process, contributing to a more nuanced understanding of factors influencing their well-being. Findings The results reveal that working conditions, particularly remunerated positions, significantly impact students’ experiences. Common feelings include uncertainty, fear of failure, and stress, especially during writing. Stress and anxiety are prevalent, though often normalized. While loneliness is common, students generally report support from supervisors, peers, and family. Supervisors emerge as the primary source of support, with their relationship style greatly influencing student wellbeing. Recommendations for Practitioners Based on these findings and existing literature, the study proposes measures to enhance doctoral student well-being, including creating spaces for student interaction, implementing funding policies, offering mental health support, designing skill-building workshops, establishing mentoring programs, and providing supervisor training. Recommendation for Researchers Explore supervisory styles and their impact on student well-being in diverse academic contexts. Investigate the impact of supervisors’ availability, time dedication, and communication patterns on doctoral supervision. Future research should examine supervisors’ perspectives and investigate these relationships across different international settings using quantitative methodologies with larger samples to enhance generalizability. Impact on Society This research contributes to a deeper understanding of doctoral student experiences and offers a foundation for developing targeted interventions to support this population. Improving doctoral student well-being can lead to higher quality research outputs and more successful completion rates, benefiting academia and society. Future Research Quantitative studies with larger, more diverse samples from international contexts could further validate and expand upon these findings. Additional research could focus on the effectiveness of different supervisory styles and examine how institutional structures influence doctoral student wellbeing across various academic contexts.ç
Sensory processing sensitivity and health-related quality of life: the mediational role of coping strategies
(ELSEVIER, 2025) Borda Mas, María de las Mercedes; Sánchez Fernández, Magdalena; Almeda Martínez, Nerea; Pérez-Chacón, Manuela; Mestre, Jose M.; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; Universidad de Sevilla
Coping strategies have been related to health-related quality of life (QoL) in highly sensitive individuals. Further research is needed on the possible mediating role of coping style in the relationship between Sensory Processing Sensitivity (SPS) and health-related QoL. The present study aimed to establish a model that explains the association between SPS and three health-related QoL variables (i.e., mental health, vitality, and social function) through coping strategies using structural equation modelling. Participants (N = 10,520) completed the High Sensitivity Person Scale, Short Form Health Survey, and Coping Strategies Inventory. Two structural equation models were created. The results showed that SPS was directly associated with the three health-related QoL variables. The relationship between SPS and mental health was partially mediated by wishful thinking, selfcriticism, and social withdrawal. The relationships between SPS and vitality and between SPS and social function were partially mediated by emotional expression, wishful thinking, self-criticism, and social withdrawal strategies. These findings suggest that coping strategies may, in part, explain the association between SPS and health-related QoL and have practical implications for the development of prevention and intervention programs for highly sensitive individuals.
Validation of the Hungarian Version of the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ-7)
(Springer, 2025) Szabó Bartha, Anett; Eisenbeck, Nikolett; Rózsa, Sándor; Szondy, Máté; Mészáros, Veronika; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos
The aim of the study is the adaptation of the 7-item version of the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ-7) for the Hungarian sample. The factor structure of CFQ-7, the invariance of the structure in different groups, and its relationship with depression, anxiety and stress were previously confirmed by several different studies. This study discusses these analyses within one framework, and the invariance between the different subgroups in a broader context. The sample consisted of 1231 participants (average age 29.35, SD = 11.10). Mainly women took part in the study (n = 805, 75.56%). Most participants were single (n = 494, 41.1%) and had a secondary school degree (714, 58.0%). The participants completed the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ-7), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), Satisfaction With Life Survey (SWLS) and White Bear Suppression Inventory (WBSI). The results confirm the one-factor structure of the CFQ-7 (χ2 = 69.24, df = 12, p <.001, χ2/df = 5.37, CFI = 0.985, TLI = 0.974, RMSEA = 0.062 [90% CI 0.048, 0.077], SRMR = 0.020.) with adequate internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.918) and test-retest reliability (r =.665). The measurement tool shows configural, metric, and scalar invariance in groups separated by age, gender, education and psychological treatment history. Its strong correlation with psychological inflexibility (AAQ-II) and general tendency to suppress thoughts (WBSI) (r =.79 and r =.62); moderate correlation with general psychological distress (DASS-21; r =.59), depression (r =.57), anxiety (r =.59) and stress (r =.61); finally life satisfaction (SWLS; r = −.38) proves external validity of the CFQ-7. The one-factor structure of the questionnaire was confirmed, and its items can be well adapted to Acceptance Commitment Therapy, and also to Cognitive Therapy interventions. Its factorial invariance can be confirmed in different groups. However due to the characteristics of the sample - mainly women, young adults and those without a psychiatric history participated in the study -, further examination of the CFQ-7 in a clinical sample with current psychiatric conditions would be useful.
Initial adaptation of the University Student Depression Inventory for Spanish population
(Universidad de Barcelona, 2025) Fernández Herrero, Lucía; Lanzarote Fernández, María Dolores; Martínez Cervantes, Rafael Jesús; Khawaja, Nigar G.; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Psicología Experimental
La sintomatología depresiva afecta a entre el 13.5 y el 67% de los estudiantes universitarios en España, lo que dificulta la consecución de sus objetivos académicos. El Inventario de Depresión de Estudiantes Universitarios (USDI) (Khawaja & Bryden, 2006) fue desarrollado originalmente en Australia para medir la sintomatología depresiva entre estudiantes universitarios de habla inglesa. El objetivo de la presente investigación es validar la versión española del USDI. Método: en primer lugar, se completó la adaptación del inglés al español. Se utilizó un diseño transversal basado en encuestas. Los datos se recogieron mediante una encuesta electrónica que se distribuyó a los estudiantes de una gran universidad del sur de España. Una muestra de 285 estudiantes completó el inventario, el 82.5% mujeres. Resultados: El análisis psicométrico reveló una sólida consistencia interna. El análisis factorial confirmatorio mostró que el modelo original de tres factores correlacionados con un factor de segundo orden tenía un ajuste aceptable a los datos. Por último, no se encontró relación entre el USDI y variables sociodemográficas como la edad, el sexo, el nivel de estudios y la situación laboral. Conclusiones: La versión española del USDI cumplió los criterios psicométricos y se reveló como una medida válida para la población universitaria española.
Behaviour Problems in Preschoolers with and without Prematurity. A Multi-Informant Longitudinal Study
(Cambridge University Press, 2025) Padilla Muñoz, Eva María; Pereira Cerro, Alejandra Victoria; Barbancho Morant, María Merced; Lanzarote Fernández, María Dolores; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; Ministerio de Salud; Junta de Andalucía
Data on the behavioral development of preterm infants are inconclusive. The aim of this study was to explore behavioral development during preschool years, considering prematurity, measurement time, gender, and informant. This is a prospective longitudinal analytical observational study, with a sample of 98 parents and 98 teachers of children aged 4, 5, and 6 years with and without a history of prematurity, who were evaluated by the Child Behavior Checklist and Teacher’s Report Form. Parents and teachers of the preschoolers report average scores on all behavioral scales. We observed variability according to degree of prematurity, age, and informant. Teachers detected more attention difficulties in the very preterm group (VPTG) than in the born-at-term group at 4 years. Parents and teachers coincided in detecting greater withdrawal in the moderate and late preterm group (MTPG) compared to the born-at-term group and an increase in difficulties with increasing age. The General Linear Model revealed that moderate prematurity, the age of 6 years, and parental report have a greater risk of behavioral difficulties. The need for follow-up also in moderate preterm infants is emphasized, especially at 6 years of age and with multi-informants.
Parental Behaviors and Video Game Addiction in Adolescents: A Systematic Review
(Springer, 2025) Rosales Navarro, Carmen; Torres Pérez, María Inmaculada; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos
Despite the popularity and benefits of video games, concerns have arisen in different areas, especially in the addictive aspect. Previous literature highlights family behaviors as relevant factors. The objective of this review was to update the relationship between parental behaviors and video game addiction in adolescents, identifying relevant behaviors for its prevention and treatment, analyzing the factors involved, recognizing their cyclicality. 37 articles with 56 records were selected through a bibliographic search in Web of Science, Scopus and PsycInfo. Previously established associations were identified (abuse, support, knowledge, control, attachment and parenting styles, family functioning, parent–child relationship and mental health) along with new related factors (attitude towards video games, parental phubbing, parental conflicts, pressure) that could contribute to the prevention and treatment of this problem. The family environment is key to managing and preventing internet gaming disorder in adolescents.
Eficacia de los tratamientos psicológicos para el trastorno de la personalidad límite en la adolescencia: Una revisión paraguas
(Asociación Española de Psicología Clínica y Psicopatología, 2025) Rueda Flores, Elena; Delgado Pardo, Gracia; Villegas Navas, Victoria; Lanzarote Fernández, María Dolores; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos
Objetivo: El trastorno de la personalidad límite (TPL) es cada vez más frecuente en la adolescencia y es altamente incapacitan-te. Esta revisión paraguas analiza qué tratamientos psicológicos han mostrado evidencias sobre eficacia. Método: Se realizó una búsqueda en PsycINFO, Web of Science y Pubmed utilizando palabras clave entre 2013–2023. Se incluyeron 5 revisiones, 3 revisiones y metaanálisis combinados, y 1 metaanálisis siguiendo los estándares PRISMA. La calidad metodológica y el ries-go de sesgo de los estudios se evaluaron con AMSTAR2, clasificándolos en alta, baja o críticamente baja. Resultados: La tera-pia dialécticoconductual y el tratamiento basado en la mentalización, adaptados para adolescentes, son los que ofrecen más evidencias de eficacia. Además, existen datos preliminares sobre la efectividad de programas de prevención e intervención temprana para el TPL. Conclusiones: Se necesitan estudios más robustos metodológicamente, que identifiquen los componentes de los tratamientos esenciales para su eficacia y efectos a largo plazo.
Psychological and spiritual interventions to enhance meaning in adults diagnosed with cancer: a systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression
(Springer, 2023-08-16) Martínez Calderón, Javier; García Muñoz, Cristina; Cano García, Francisco Javier; Heredia Rizo, Alberto Marcos; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Fisioterapia; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; Universidad de Sevilla. CTS1110: Understanding Movement & Self in Health from Science; Universidad de Sevilla. CTS111: Psicología Clínica y de la Salud
Objective: To summarize the evidence on the effectiveness that psychological and/or spiritual interventions may have to change the levels of meaning, measured with the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being Scale (FACIT-Sp), in adults diagnosed with cancer. Methods: Systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression. CINAHL (via EBSCOhost), Embase, PubMed, PsycINFO (via ProQuest), and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to 21st October 2022. Manual searches were conducted. Only randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were included. The risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool 2. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) approach was used to judge the certainty of the evidence. Results: Eight RCTs were included (N = 1682). Although some individual studies showed positive effects to enhance meaning using mindfulness or dignity therapy, the overall and individual meta-analyses showed a lack of effect of psychological and spiritual interventions in comparison to comparator interventions (MD (95%CI) = -0.19 (-0.45 to 0.06), p = 0.11, Tau2 = 0.0015, I2 = 2%). Publication bias was undetected (Egger's test = 0.35). Furthermore, no RCTs were judged to have a low risk of bias and the overall certainty of the evidence was judged as low. Meta-regression and subgroups meta-analyses also found possible sources of heterogeneity such as some cancer characteristics, the educational stage, or the religious affiliation. Conclusions: Despite some RCTs may show promising results following mindfulness or dignity therapy, no effects were observed in the meta-analysis. Moreover, important methodological and clinical concerns precluded us to make sound clinical recommendations with the available evidence. OPEN SCIENCE FRAMEWORK DOI REGISTRATION: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/4YMTK .
Spiritual well-being, faith, meaning in life, peace, and purpose in life for cancer-related fatigue: systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regressions
(Springer, 2024-04-18) Heredia Rizo, Alberto Marcos; Garcia Muñoz, Cristina; Cano García, Francisco Javier; Heredia Rizo, Alberto Marcos; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Fisioterapia; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; Universidad de Sevilla. CTS1110: Understanding Movement & Self in Health from Science; Universidad de Sevilla. CTS111: Psicología Clínica y de la Salud
Background Cancer-related fatigue is associated with spiritual distress. Spiritual well-being, characterized by the presence of factors such as meaning in life or purpose in life, seems to play an important role in the management of symptoms of cancer. Currently, the number of studies evaluating the association between cancer-related fatigue and spiritual well-being is increasing and no systematic review has been conducted. Aim To summarize the association between cancer-related fatigue and spiritual well-being, faith, meaning in life, peace, and purpose in life. Design A systematic review with meta-analysis. Data sources The CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, and PubMed databases were searched from inception to 9 October 2023. We considered studies evaluating the cross-sectional or longitudinal association between cancer-related fatigue and the spiritual factors above mentioned. The Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies and the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool assessed the methodological quality of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies, respectively. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system rated the certainty of evidence. Meta-analyses, meta-regressions, subgroup meta-analyses, and sensitivity analyses were conducted. Results A total of 13 studies were included and no longitudinal findings were found. One meta-analysis showed that cancer-related fatigue may be negatively correlated with spiritual well-being (r = − 0.37 (95%CI − 0.44 to − 0.28) p < 0.01). In addition, another meta-analysis found the correlation between cancer-related fatigue and faith was not statistically significant (r = − 0.25 (95%CI − 0.66 to 0.28) p = 0.36). Conclusions Cancer-related fatigue may be correlated with spiritual well-being. However, the certainty of evidence was very low across the meta-analyzed outcomes. Implications for Cancer Survivors A negative correlation was observed between spiritual well-being and cancer-related fatigue.
Integrative model for self-perception of well-being in cancer
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023-06-11) Martínez Calderón, Javier; Casuso-Holgado, María Jesús; Cano García, Francisco Javier; Heredia Rizo, Alberto Marcos; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Fisioterapia; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; Universidad de Sevilla. CTS1110: Understanding Movement & Self in Health from Science; Universidad de Sevilla. CTS111: Psicología Clínica y de la Salud
Purpose: Continual illness uncertainty can affect how people perceive and interpret their well-being. Some cognitive and spiritual factors may be involved in the management of disruptive thoughts and emotions that can emerge during the experience of cancer. Material and methods: An evidence-based integrative model was developed to evaluate and show the role that mindfulness, acceptance, self-efficacy, uncertainty, meaning, and purpose in life play in the self-perception of well-being in individuals with cancer. This evidence-based integrative model was conducted using relevant and selected studies. Results: An integrative model for self-perception of well-being has been proposed. This model integrates evidence-based findings and provides clear principles for clinicians and researchers. This integrative model proposes that mindfulness, acceptance, self-efficacy perception, and uncertainty can predict how people with cancer perceive their well-being. The model also posits that meaning and purpose in life can act as mediators or moderators of this prediction. Conclusions: This integrative model involves the multidimensionality of human beings and facilitates the understanding of some key factors for the design of therapeutic approaches such as Acceptance & Commitment Therapy or Meaning-Centered Psychotherapy.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONMindfulness, acceptance, self-efficacy, uncertainty, meaning, and purpose in life can be highly relevant for clinical oncology.An integrative model is proposed to understand the combined influence of these factors on patients with cancer.This model may favor a better integration of well-known interventions, such as Mindfulness-based approaches, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), and Meaning-Centered Psychotherapy (MCP).
The prevalence of anxiety and depression in cancer around the world: An overview of systematic reviews evaluating 128 meta analyses
(Elsevier B.V, 2024-04-15) Martínez Calderón, Javier; García-Muñoz, Cristina; Heredia Rizo, Alberto Marcos; Cano García, Francisco Javier; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Fisioterapia; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; Universidad de Sevilla. CTS1110: Understanding Movement & Self in Health from Science; Universidad de Sevilla. CTS111: Psicología Clínica y de la Salud
Background This overview of systematic reviews with meta-analysis summarized the prevalence of anxiety and depression in different types of tumors around the world. Methods The quality of reviews was assessed. The degree of overlap between reviews was calculated. The regional prevalence of anxiety and depression was shown in the main text based on the World Health Organization regions. Results Twenty-five reviews including 128 meta-analyses of interest were selected. The pooled prevalence of anxiety in breast tumors was in Africa (19 %), the Americas (38 %), Eastern Mediterranean (56 %), Europe (38 %), South-East Asia (42 %), and Western Pacific (26 %). The pooled prevalence of depression in breast tumors was in Africa (40 %), the Americas (23–25 %), Eastern Mediterranean (49–51 %), Europe (27–29 %), South-East Asia (23–33 %), Western Pacific (29 %). The pooled prevalence of depression in digestive tumors was in the Americas (4–44 %), Eastern Mediterranean (42 %), Europe (20–27 %), South-East Asia (66 %), and Western Pacific (24–40 %). The pooled national prevalence of anxiety and depression was mainly evaluated in China and Iran. Limitations Important methodological issues were identified. For example, no reviews judged the certainty of evidence. Conclusions The Eastern Mediterranean region showed the highest prevalence of anxiety and depression for breast tumors. The South-East Asian region showed the highest prevalence of depression for digestive tumors. In these regions, many countries are considered low-income and middle-income countries. Further research funding would help increase the investigation on this topic, which may allow the development of preventive strategies that reduce the prevalence of anxiety and depression.
Are delusions and/or referentiality associated with aberrant reward prediction error (RPE) signaling? Evidence from fMRI using a probabilistic monetary reward task
(Cambridge University Press, 2025) García León, María Ángeles; Fuentes Claramonte, Paola; Gee, Abigail; Ramiro-Sousa, Nuria; Soler Vidal, Joan; Pomarol Clotet, Edith; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; Generalitat de Catalunya; European Commission (EC). Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO). España
Background. According to the aberrant salience proposal, reward processing abnormality, specifically erroneous reward prediction error (RPE) signaling due to stimulus-independent release of dopamine, underlies delusions in schizophrenia. However, no studies to date have examined RPE-associated brain activations in relation to this symptom. Methods. Seventy-eight patients with a DSM-5 diagnosis of schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder and 43 healthy individuals underwent fMRI while they performed a probabilistic monetary reward task designed to generate a measure of RPE. Ratings of delusions and referentiality were made in the patients. Results. Using whole-brain, voxel-based analysis, schizophrenia patients showed only minor differences in RPE-associated activation compared to healthy controls. Within the patient group, however, severity of delusions was inversely associated with RPE-associated activation in areas including the caudate nucleus, the thalamus and the left pallidum, as well as the lateral frontal cortex bilaterally, the pre- and postcentral gyrus and supplementary motor area, the middle cingulate gyrus, and parts of the temporal and parietal cortex. A broadly similar pattern of association was seen for referentiality. Conclusions. According to this study, while patients with schizophrenia as a group do not show marked alterations in RPE signaling, delusions and referentiality are associated with reduced activation in parts of the prefrontal cortex and the basal ganglia, though not specifically the ventral striatum. The direction of the changes is on the face of it contrary to that predicted by aberrant salience theory.
A multispecies journey: companion animals and family development from a life-course perspective
(Federación Española de Sociología, 2025) López-Cepero Borrego, Javier; Español Nogueiro, Alicia; Rodríguez Banda, Ángel; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Psicología Experimental
El presente estudio analiza el papel de los animales de compañía en el curso de vida de la familia. Utiliza para ello un enfoque evolutivo, conceptualizando el vínculo entre especies como una intersección de trayectorias vitales de animales humanos y no humanos. Se llevaron a cabo tres grupos focales en línea y se realizó un análisis temático utilizando una perspectiva vivencial y constructivista. Los cuatro temas extraídos hacen referencia a momentos de convivencia: 1) la llegada del animal, 2) la maduración conjunta de la relación, 3) los cambios relacionados con las transiciones familiares, y 4) el final de la relación. Estos temas describen cómo la individualidad de los animales de compañía y la identidad de la familia coevolucionan a lo largo del curso de la vida y ponen de relieve los retos a los que se enfrentan las familias. Estos hallazgos contribuyen a la literatura que cuestiona los discursos sociales dominantes y muestran modelos emergentes de familias multiespecies.
‘There Is Not a Word’, but Is It Necessary? Analyzing Pragmatic Decisions Regarding Terminology Within Multispecies Family Relationships
(MDPI, 2025) López-Cepero Borrego, Javier; Español Nogueiro, Alicia; Rodríguez Banda, Ángel; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Psicología Experimental
Abstract: This study analyzes the decision making that underlies the choice of terms we use to refer to companion animals. Three focus groups were developed, including participants from different demographic backgrounds who answered questions about their experience cohabitating with companion animals. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using Thematic Analysis, carrying out a progressive refinement of the semantic contents until abstracting general themes. This study organizes the results based on three themes: (1) What you mean to me, contemplating human–animal relationships such as multispecies family, pet–owner relationship, human-like relationship, and objectivization; (2) Others’ surveillance, encompassing the role of social pressure in decision making; and (3) A good solution (here and now), focused on the strategic decisions made to balance the prior questions. The analysis shows that companion animals are usually considered part of the family, but that importance is not always freely communicated outside of the household. Often, participants try to nuance the importance of their companion animals, mask this relationship behind jokes, or tend to isolate themselves to avoid hostile social attention. These findings show the dilemmas faced by people who live with animals and point to the urgency of revising hegemonic discourses to improve the integration of these new family models in Spanish society.
Spanish validation of the Body Image States Scale (BISS): evaluation of sensitivity to exposure to photographs on Instagram
(Springer, 2025) Sierra Cruz, Irene; Romero Sanchís, María; Rodríguez Testal, Juan Francisco; Senín Calderón, Cristina; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos
The aim of the present study was to validate the Spanish version of the Body Image State Scale (BISS) in a sample of Spanish males and females and to examine its psychometric properties. We evaluated the BISS as a measure of body image state using an experimental task to assess context sensitivity after exposure to attractive Instagram photographs. The sample consisted of 533 participants (M = 22.40, SD = 3.52). The unidimensional structure of the BISS as found by the authors of the original scale was corroborated. The BISS showed satisfactory internal consistency and full scalar invariance across sex. Negative relationships were found with a measure of dysmorphic concerns (Dysmorphic Concern Questionnaire, [DCQ]) and body mass index (BMI). Mean difference analyses showed that participants in the experimental group evaluated their physical appearance as being worse after exposure to photographs of young men considered attractive. The Spanish validation of the BISS seems adequate for assessing state body image in the general population, opening a wide field of clinical and research applications.
Exploring eye-movement changes as digital biomarkers and endophenotypes in subclinical eating disorders: an eye tracking study
(BMC, 2025) Navas León, Sergio; Sánchez Martín, Milagrosa; Tajadura Jiménez, Ana; De Coster, Lize; Borda Mas, María de las Mercedes; Morales Márquez, Luis; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España; European Research Council (ERC); Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (MECD). España; Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; European Union
Objective Previous research has indicated that patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) exhibit specific eye movement changes, identified through eye tracking sensor technology. These changes have been proposed as potential digital biomarkers and endophenotypes for early diagnosis and preventive clinical interventions. This study aims to explore whether these eye movement changes are also present in individuals with subclinical eating disorder (ED) symptomatology compared to control participants. Method The study recruited participants using convenience sampling and employed the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire for initial screening. The sample was subsequently divided into two groups: individuals exhibiting subclinical ED symptomatology and control participants. Both groups performed various tasks, including a fixation task, prosaccade/antisaccade task, and memory-guided task. Alongside these tasks, anxiety and premorbid intelligence were measured as potential confounding variables. The data were analyzed through means comparison and exploratory Pearson’s correlations. Results No significant differences were found between the two groups in the three eye tracking tasks. Discussion The findings suggest that the observed changes in previous research might be more related to the clinical state of the illness rather than a putative trait. Implications for the applicability of eye movement changes as early biomarkers and endophenotypes for EDs in subclinical populations are discussed. Further research is needed to validate these findings and understand their implications for preventive diagnostics.
Families at Psychosocial Risk. Analysis of the Relation Between Parenting Competencies and Externalizing Problems in Children and Adolescents
(Sage, 2024) Herrera Collado, Ester; Lanzarote Fernández, María Dolores; Jiménez García, Lucía; Hidalgo García, María Victoria; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICINN). España
It is well known that children who grow up in at-risk families tend to have more behavioral problems; however, few studies have addressed this issue from a parenting competencies framework. This investigation analyzed the relation between parenting competencies and children’s externalizing problems. A total of 562 caregivers from at-risk families were assessed through the Interview for the Assessment of Parenting Competencies and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. The three competencies in which the families presented more difficulties were parental co-responsibility, child stimulation and family life structuring, and emotional self-regulation. According to the hierarchical regression, the capacity to offer warmth and to establish a healthy communication could explain children’s behavioral difficulties. Family interventions should focus on those competencies where families tend to have more difficulties. Furthermore, to prevent and/or reduce externalizing problems, it is convenient to foster, particularly, communication and warmth among their members.
Influence of perinatal complications on the development of a sample of 36-month-old premature infants
(Elsevier, 2021) López Hernández, Ángela María; Padilla Muñoz, Eva María; Duque Sánchez, Cristina; Lanzarote Fernández, María Dolores; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos
Objective: The lack of clear results in previous studies for this context makes us consider an exploratory study. The objective of this research is to examine the influence of certain perinatal factors on the development of premature infants over their first 36 months of life. Method: The sample consisted of 59 preterm infants born between 25 and 34 weeks of gestational age in an NICU of a third-level hospital. At 36 months of age, the Bayley-III Infant Development Scale (Spanish adaptation) and a clinical history were collected. Results: The average scores on the Bayley-III Infant Development Scale were generally within the normal range, but significantly lower than normal for Fine Motor Function, Gross Motor Function, and Expressive Language. These differences remained when considering the degree of prematurity, gender, and perinatal complications. Infants who received mechanical ventilation, oxygen therapy or corticosteroid treatment due to bronchopulmonary dysplasia showed the greatest discrepancies from normal levels. Conclusion: Our results support prior studies that show that a combination of perinatal risk factors constitutes the largest determinant for developmental issues at 36 months of age. This information establishes the need for a priority follow-up in this population beyond 24 months of corrected age.

Examinar

Envíos recientes