Artículos (Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos)

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://hdl.handle.net/11441/11065

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Therapeutic approach with virtual reality in the phobia of flying: a case study
(Universidad de Murcia, 2025) Valdés Díaz, María; Guillot Valdés, María; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos
La fobia a volar es un trastorno de ansiedad cuyos principales síntomas son miedos intensos e irracionales, cuya exposición provoca altos niveles de ansiedad y la consiguiente evitación de volar. La realidad virtual (RV) ha demostrado ser eficaz en el tratamiento de fobias específicas, ya que los pacientes pueden enfrentarse a sus miedos de forma controlada y repetitiva en un entorno virtual, lo que les permite aprender estrategias de afrontamiento y reducir el malestar asociado. El objetivo de este estudio es reducir la ansiedad, la preocupación y el miedo asociados a volar mediante el uso de la realidad virtual. A continuación se presenta el caso de una mujer de 23 años con fobia a volar desde la adolescencia. La ansiedad aparece durante el vuelo y raramente en los días previos. Diseño ABA (pre-tratamiento-post-test). Se utilizó una entrevista semiestructurada y los cuestionarios STAI, PSQW, EMV y EPAV para establecer la línea base, con puntuaciones altas en ansiedad rasgo y estado, preocupación y miedo a volar. Se planificó una intervención de 8 sesiones de una hora, con exposición gradual a la realidad virtual antes de la exposición en vivo. La paciente mostró una reducción clínicamente significativa de sus emociones negativas asociadas a volar y pudo hacerlo. La RV puede ser una herramienta eficaz en la práctica clínica para la exposición gradual en el tratamiento del miedo a volar.
Relationship between cognitive reserve (education), social cognition and negative symptoms
(Elsevier, 2025) Lema Spinelli, Sebastián; Rodríguez Testal, Juan Francisco; Cabana, Álvaro; Romano, Sandra; Gómez-Sena, Leonel; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos
Background: Negative symptoms (NS) are a core feature of schizophrenia spectrum disorders, yet their relationship with cognitive reserve (defined by educational attainment) and social cognition remains underexplored. This study examined whether education predicts NS and whether this relationship is mediated by social cognition, specifically emotional or inferential theory of mind Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) vs. the Hinting Test. Methods: A mediation model and multiple regression analysis were conducted within an ex-post-facto, cross-sectional design. The sample included 144 participants: 69 diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and 75 healthy controls. Women comprised 52.8 % of the sample, with a mean age of 42.67 years (SD = 15.88). The average years of formal education were 8.37 (SD = 2.77) in the patient group and 8.62 (SD = 3.66) in the control group. Results: The mediation model explained 67.57 % of the variance in NS, with age as a covariate. RMET showed a significant indirect effect (d = −0.22) in predicting NS, while HT did not (d = −0.12). In the patient group, multiple regression analysis explained 69.2 % of the variance, with education emerging as a significant predictor of NS. Conclusions: Education, as an indicator of cognitive reserve, significantly predicts NS. This relationship is mediated by social cognition, with differential effects depending on the specific type of social cognition, either within the patient group or across the entire sample. These findings highlight the importance of cognitive reserve and social cognition in understanding and potentially mitigating NS in schizophrenia.
Evaluating the effectiveness of integrating biofeedback in the treatment of aggressive outbursts (BRET-IA2): A study protocol
(PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE, 2025) Molina Cantero, Alberto Jesús; Rojas-Pérez, Isabel; Gómez de Terreros Guardiola, Montserrat; Gómez González, Isabel María; Vidosa-Batllés, José C; Bermejo-González, Teresa de Jesús; Merino Monge, Manuel; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; Tecnología Electrónica; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España
Introduction: This study provides a comprehensive overview of the materials and methods used to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of biofeedback in the treatment of aggressive episodes in children and adolescents. Background: Aggressive episodes are common in various disorders and are associated with deficits in emotional processing and impulse control, primarily due to dysfunctions in the amygdala and prefrontal cortex (PFC). These brain regions also regulate physiological arousal, influencing heart rate and other autonomic functions even before aggression manifests. These early signals can be shown to the person (biofeedback) reinforcing therapeutic skills to enhance emotional regulation and reduce aggression. Methods: A total of 70 participants will be recruited for a randomized controlled trial (RCT). All participants will receive therapy, although only the intervention group will incorporate biofeedback. The experimental study will be split into three blocks: (1) Home Monitoring: Physiological signals will be recorded using a smartwatch, and aggressive episodes will be captured with a camera; (2) Laboratory Assessment: Participants will attend three sessions, where therapists will induce aggressive reactions, using the video clips recorded at home. Simultaneously, real-time physiological signals will be measured. These sessions will also include relaxation periods before and after the provoked outburst; (3) Therapeutic Intervention: Similar to the laboratory assessment block, therapists will induce aggressive responses in three sessions; however, in this block, participants will receive therapy. Additionally, participants who belong to the intervention group, will include biofeedack in the therapy. Biofeedback is focused on heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), and skin conductance level (SCL). The CACIA, the Stroop, and other pre- and post-experimental tests. will be used to assess the differences between the control and intervention groups. Discussion: Emotions play a fundamental role in decision-making, social interactions, and mental health. Emotional dysregulation often leads to aggression, irritability, and anxiety. Showing physiological responses to patients, such as heart rate variability and skin conductance, may improve emotional awareness and regulation. This study aims to verify the effectiveness of including biofeedback in such therapy.
Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Version of the VIA-72 Strengths Inventory
(MDPI, 2025) Varela Figueroa, Francisco; García Jiménez, María; Antequera Jurado, Rosario; Cano García, Francisco Javier; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos
The Values in Action Inventory (VIA) is one of the most widely used measures for assessing character strengths. While the original version includes 240 items, shorter versions such as the VIA-72 have been developed to enhance its applicability. Psychometric studies of the VIA-72 in Spanish are still limited. This study examined the factorial structure, reliability, and convergent validity of the Spanish VIA-72 in a sample of 470 adults. Three alternative models—comprising three, five, and six factors—were tested using confirmatory factor analysis. All models showed acceptable fit, but the three-factor solution—Caring, Self-Control, and Inquisitiveness—showed the best performance in terms of parsimony, fit indices, and conceptual clarity. Internal consistency for the three-factor model was high across dimensions and comparable to previous studies. Convergent validity was supported through meaningful correlations with personality traits, particularly with conscientiousness. The factorial structure largely replicated findings obtained with both VIA-72 and VIA-240. These results support the Spanish VIA-72 as a reliable and valid instrument for assessing character strengths, offering a concise, theory-based alternative for Spanish-speaking populations.
The Shortened Version of the Profile of Mood States: A Reliable and Valid Measure of Emotional Functioning for Chronic Pain Patients
(MDPI, 2025) López Jiménez, Celia María; Cano García, Francisco Javier; Sanduvete Chaves, Susana; Chacón Moscoso, Salvador; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; Psicología Experimental; Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (FONDECYT). Chile; European Union (UE). H2020; Universidad de Sevilla; Junta de Andalucía; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICIU). España; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España
Background: Although the Profile of Mood States has been proposed by the Initiative on Methods, Measurement, and Pain Assessment in Clinical Trials (IMMPACT) to measure emotional functioning in chronic pain patients, it has not yet been validated in these patients. Objective: To confirm the factor structure and internal consistency of the Shortened Version of the Profile of Mood States (37 items) in patients with chronic pain. Methods: A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to test the theoretical structure of six factors that result in a Total Mood Disturbance episode: Tension–Anxiety (six items), Depression–Dejection (eight items), Anger–Hostility (seven items), Vigor–Activity (six items), Fatigue–Inertia (five items), and Confusion–Bewilderment (five items). Participants: A total of 588 patients with chronic pain from Spanish primary care health and community centers completed the questionnaire. Results: The factors presented adequate reliability coefficients, McDonald’s Omega (ω) between 0.77 and 0.91, and appropriate average discrimination indexes (D), ranging from 0.35 to 0.67. The Total Mood Disturbance yielded excellent results, ω = 0.95, D = 0.61. The original structure was confirmed, ECVI = 4.361 (saturated ECVI = 2.395; independent ECVI = 21.855); RMSEA = 0.070, 90% CI [0.067, 0.072]; GFI = 0.974; AGFI = 0.971; CFI = 0.853; NFI = 0.812; and NNFI = 0.843. Conclusions: The Shortened Version of the Profile of Mood States has been proven to be a valid and reliable measure of emotional functioning in chronic pain patients.
The letter of complaint to the Netherlands. A way to plan intervention in migratory grief cases
(Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, 2025) Maldonado-Bellido, Nuria; Lanzarote Fernández, María Dolores; García Martínez, Jesús; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos
In migration care, effective interventions require a phenomenological understanding of the individual’s experiences, especially when cultural differences are part of both the problem and their identity. Two observed phenomena are migratory grief, characterized by the loss or separation from one’s culture of origin, and migration stress, defined as ambivalence and uncertainty in the face of the challenges of integration. While the intervention in the cases presented follows the principles of Gestalt therapy, the complaint letter technique is incorporated as a means of identifying focal aspects for intervention. The theoretical foundation of this technique is based on the contributions of White and Epston’s narrative therapy, as well as the concept of protest as a typology of innovative moments. This article presents this application in two cases of Spanish-speaking residents in the Netherlands, following a mixed-method design. The analysis of complaint letters addressed to the migration project is described, complemented by data provided by the Migratory Grief and Loss Questionnaire and the Barcelona Immigration Stress Scale. The key steps for identifying recurring themes and difficulties inherent to the migration process are detailed, which guide therapeutic intervention. Of the cases presented, the first identifies a problem associated with migration stress, while the second identifies a situation of migratory grief.
Large-scale analysis of structural brain asymmetries in schizophrenia via the ENIGMA consortium
(Natural Academy Science, 2023-03-28) Schijven, Dick; Postema, Merel C; Fukunaga, Masaki; Matsumoto, Junya; Miura, Kenichiro; Zwarte, Sonja M C de; Crespo Facorro, Benedicto; García León, María Ángeles; Francks, Clyde; Psiquiatría; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Gobierno de España; CTS1086: Psiquiatría Traslacional
Left–right asymmetry is an important organizing feature of the healthy brain that may be altered in schizophrenia, but most studies have used relatively small samples and heterogeneous approaches, resulting in equivocal findings. We carried out the largest case–control study of structural brain asymmetries in schizophrenia, with MRI data from 5,080 affected individuals and 6,015 controls across 46 datasets, using a single image analysis protocol. Asymmetry indexes were calculated for global and regional cortical thickness, surface area, and subcortical volume measures. Differences of asymmetry were calculated between affected individuals and controls per dataset, and effect sizes were meta-analyzed across datasets. Small average case–control differences were observed for thickness asymmetries of the rostral anterior cingulate and the middle temporal gyrus, both driven by thinner left-hemispheric cortices in schizophrenia. Analyses of these asymmetries with respect to the use of antipsychotic medication and other clinical variables did not show any significant associations. Assessment of age- and sex-specific effects revealed a stronger average leftward asymmetry of pallidum volume between older cases and controls. Case–control differences in a multivariate context were assessed in a subset of the data (N = 2,029), which revealed that 7% of the variance across all structural asymmetries was explained by case–control status. Subtle case–control differences of brain macrostructural asymmetry may reflect differences at the molecular, cytoarchitectonic, or circuit levels that have functional relevance for the disorder. Reduced left middle temporal cortical thickness is consistent with altered left-hemisphere language network organization in schizophrenia.
Unpleasant mood reverses satiety's effect on tobacco reinforcement
(ELSEVIER, 2025) Martínez Loredo, Víctor; Ordoñez-Carrasco, Jorge L.; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; Antonio Gargallo University Foundation
Introduction: Despite empirical support of goal-directed behavior models of dependence, the role of mood on substance use is unclear. The Reinforcer Pathology (RP) model may be useful to describe it specific effects in substance-related variables. This study aims to test mood induction’s effect on tobacco demand and integrate results into the RP model. Methods: Sixty-two participants from the general population, aged 18–34, who smoked at least five cigarettes daily and presented no severe mental health conditions completed the study using a two-group design (betweensubject factor: pleasant vs unpleasant mood induction; within factor: pre-, post-induction). They complete measures of mood status, tobacco reinforcing efficacy, delay discounting, depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms, environmental reinforcement, negative/positive urgency and tobacco-related/free reinforcement. Before mood induction, all participants were sated with nicotine after being asked to smoke freely. Results: While pleasant mood reduced intensity, Omax and breakpoint and increased elasticity, unpleasant mood produced the opposite pattern. This effect was dose dependent and effect sizes were large (f = 0.39–0.50). Mood induction did not significantly affect delay discounting significantly. The association between classical RP variables and new candidates (emotional symptoms, pleasant/negative urgency, tobacco-related/free reinforcement) was differently influenced by mood valance (r = |.359–.532|). Conclusion: Results support the goal-directed behavior model of dependence and extend the RP model by integrating the role of mood induction. The effect of mood seems particularly large in intensity, Omax, and elasticity and this effect may depend on emotional regulation skills and contextual variables, such as substance-freeb reinforcement and environmental reward.
Negotiating relationships within multispecies families: analysing dilemmas on humanisation of the bond
(Springer, 2025) López-Cepero Borrego, Javier; Español Nogueiro, Alicia; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; Psicología Experimental
The literature indicates that companions are frequently considered part of our families. But, what does it mean? This article examines how the relationship between humans and nonhuman animals is defined within the family organization. We organized three online focus groups interviews, and the analysis was conducted using reflexive thematic analysis. The relationships with animals seemed to be based on four themes: (1) external limits (legal, moral, and biological) that frame the human-animal relationship; (2) participants’ perception of their role within the relationship (e.g. caregivers); (3) characteristics perceived in the animal that determine her inclusion as a member of the family; and (4) level of humanisation understood from a two-dimensional model: according to the similarity between species and the balance between the needs of humans and non-human animals. These findings provide new perspectives on multispecies families and highlight unresolved dilemmas in dominant social discourses.
Navigating Stress, Support and Supervision: A Qualitative Study of Doctoral Student Wellbeing in Norwegian Academia
(Informing Science Institute, 2025) Martínez García, Inmaculada; García Martínez, Jesús; Cano García, Francisco Javier; De Witte, Hans; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos
Aim/Purpose This study addresses the need to understand the wellbeing of doctoral students and the factors influencing their academic trajectory. Background Doctoral students’ wellbeing is crucial for their academic success and overall quality of life. This study explores the antecedent variables influencing doctoral students’ wellbeing, complementing the Integrative Model on well-being in doctoral students. Methodology A qualitative case study approach was employed, involving in-depth interviews with 10 PhD students at a Norwegian university. Following the Integrative Model on doctoral students’ wellbeing, the study combined thematic and discourse analysis to examine students’ experiences and perceptions. Contribution This research provides insights into doctoral students’ experiences, feelings, and perceptions during their thesis process, contributing to a more nuanced understanding of factors influencing their well-being. Findings The results reveal that working conditions, particularly remunerated positions, significantly impact students’ experiences. Common feelings include uncertainty, fear of failure, and stress, especially during writing. Stress and anxiety are prevalent, though often normalized. While loneliness is common, students generally report support from supervisors, peers, and family. Supervisors emerge as the primary source of support, with their relationship style greatly influencing student wellbeing. Recommendations for Practitioners Based on these findings and existing literature, the study proposes measures to enhance doctoral student well-being, including creating spaces for student interaction, implementing funding policies, offering mental health support, designing skill-building workshops, establishing mentoring programs, and providing supervisor training. Recommendation for Researchers Explore supervisory styles and their impact on student well-being in diverse academic contexts. Investigate the impact of supervisors’ availability, time dedication, and communication patterns on doctoral supervision. Future research should examine supervisors’ perspectives and investigate these relationships across different international settings using quantitative methodologies with larger samples to enhance generalizability. Impact on Society This research contributes to a deeper understanding of doctoral student experiences and offers a foundation for developing targeted interventions to support this population. Improving doctoral student well-being can lead to higher quality research outputs and more successful completion rates, benefiting academia and society. Future Research Quantitative studies with larger, more diverse samples from international contexts could further validate and expand upon these findings. Additional research could focus on the effectiveness of different supervisory styles and examine how institutional structures influence doctoral student wellbeing across various academic contexts.ç
Sensory processing sensitivity and health-related quality of life: the mediational role of coping strategies
(ELSEVIER, 2025) Borda Mas, María de las Mercedes; Sánchez Fernández, Magdalena; Almeda Martínez, Nerea; Pérez-Chacón, Manuela; Mestre, Jose M.; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; Universidad de Sevilla
Coping strategies have been related to health-related quality of life (QoL) in highly sensitive individuals. Further research is needed on the possible mediating role of coping style in the relationship between Sensory Processing Sensitivity (SPS) and health-related QoL. The present study aimed to establish a model that explains the association between SPS and three health-related QoL variables (i.e., mental health, vitality, and social function) through coping strategies using structural equation modelling. Participants (N = 10,520) completed the High Sensitivity Person Scale, Short Form Health Survey, and Coping Strategies Inventory. Two structural equation models were created. The results showed that SPS was directly associated with the three health-related QoL variables. The relationship between SPS and mental health was partially mediated by wishful thinking, selfcriticism, and social withdrawal. The relationships between SPS and vitality and between SPS and social function were partially mediated by emotional expression, wishful thinking, self-criticism, and social withdrawal strategies. These findings suggest that coping strategies may, in part, explain the association between SPS and health-related QoL and have practical implications for the development of prevention and intervention programs for highly sensitive individuals.
Validation of the Hungarian Version of the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ-7)
(Springer, 2025) Szabó Bartha, Anett; Eisenbeck, Nikolett; Rózsa, Sándor; Szondy, Máté; Mészáros, Veronika; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos
The aim of the study is the adaptation of the 7-item version of the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ-7) for the Hungarian sample. The factor structure of CFQ-7, the invariance of the structure in different groups, and its relationship with depression, anxiety and stress were previously confirmed by several different studies. This study discusses these analyses within one framework, and the invariance between the different subgroups in a broader context. The sample consisted of 1231 participants (average age 29.35, SD = 11.10). Mainly women took part in the study (n = 805, 75.56%). Most participants were single (n = 494, 41.1%) and had a secondary school degree (714, 58.0%). The participants completed the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ-7), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), Satisfaction With Life Survey (SWLS) and White Bear Suppression Inventory (WBSI). The results confirm the one-factor structure of the CFQ-7 (χ2 = 69.24, df = 12, p <.001, χ2/df = 5.37, CFI = 0.985, TLI = 0.974, RMSEA = 0.062 [90% CI 0.048, 0.077], SRMR = 0.020.) with adequate internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.918) and test-retest reliability (r =.665). The measurement tool shows configural, metric, and scalar invariance in groups separated by age, gender, education and psychological treatment history. Its strong correlation with psychological inflexibility (AAQ-II) and general tendency to suppress thoughts (WBSI) (r =.79 and r =.62); moderate correlation with general psychological distress (DASS-21; r =.59), depression (r =.57), anxiety (r =.59) and stress (r =.61); finally life satisfaction (SWLS; r = −.38) proves external validity of the CFQ-7. The one-factor structure of the questionnaire was confirmed, and its items can be well adapted to Acceptance Commitment Therapy, and also to Cognitive Therapy interventions. Its factorial invariance can be confirmed in different groups. However due to the characteristics of the sample - mainly women, young adults and those without a psychiatric history participated in the study -, further examination of the CFQ-7 in a clinical sample with current psychiatric conditions would be useful.
Initial adaptation of the University Student Depression Inventory for Spanish population
(Universidad de Barcelona, 2025) Fernández Herrero, Lucía; Lanzarote Fernández, María Dolores; Martínez Cervantes, Rafael Jesús; Khawaja, Nigar G.; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; Psicología Experimental
La sintomatología depresiva afecta a entre el 13.5 y el 67% de los estudiantes universitarios en España, lo que dificulta la consecución de sus objetivos académicos. El Inventario de Depresión de Estudiantes Universitarios (USDI) (Khawaja & Bryden, 2006) fue desarrollado originalmente en Australia para medir la sintomatología depresiva entre estudiantes universitarios de habla inglesa. El objetivo de la presente investigación es validar la versión española del USDI. Método: en primer lugar, se completó la adaptación del inglés al español. Se utilizó un diseño transversal basado en encuestas. Los datos se recogieron mediante una encuesta electrónica que se distribuyó a los estudiantes de una gran universidad del sur de España. Una muestra de 285 estudiantes completó el inventario, el 82.5% mujeres. Resultados: El análisis psicométrico reveló una sólida consistencia interna. El análisis factorial confirmatorio mostró que el modelo original de tres factores correlacionados con un factor de segundo orden tenía un ajuste aceptable a los datos. Por último, no se encontró relación entre el USDI y variables sociodemográficas como la edad, el sexo, el nivel de estudios y la situación laboral. Conclusiones: La versión española del USDI cumplió los criterios psicométricos y se reveló como una medida válida para la población universitaria española.
Behaviour Problems in Preschoolers with and without Prematurity. A Multi-Informant Longitudinal Study
(Cambridge University Press, 2025) Padilla Muñoz, Eva María; Pereira Cerro, Alejandra Victoria; Barbancho Morant, María Merced; Lanzarote Fernández, María Dolores; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; Ministerio de Salud; Junta de Andalucía
Data on the behavioral development of preterm infants are inconclusive. The aim of this study was to explore behavioral development during preschool years, considering prematurity, measurement time, gender, and informant. This is a prospective longitudinal analytical observational study, with a sample of 98 parents and 98 teachers of children aged 4, 5, and 6 years with and without a history of prematurity, who were evaluated by the Child Behavior Checklist and Teacher’s Report Form. Parents and teachers of the preschoolers report average scores on all behavioral scales. We observed variability according to degree of prematurity, age, and informant. Teachers detected more attention difficulties in the very preterm group (VPTG) than in the born-at-term group at 4 years. Parents and teachers coincided in detecting greater withdrawal in the moderate and late preterm group (MTPG) compared to the born-at-term group and an increase in difficulties with increasing age. The General Linear Model revealed that moderate prematurity, the age of 6 years, and parental report have a greater risk of behavioral difficulties. The need for follow-up also in moderate preterm infants is emphasized, especially at 6 years of age and with multi-informants.
Parental Behaviors and Video Game Addiction in Adolescents: A Systematic Review
(Springer, 2025) Rosales Navarro, Carmen; Torres Pérez, María Inmaculada; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos
Despite the popularity and benefits of video games, concerns have arisen in different areas, especially in the addictive aspect. Previous literature highlights family behaviors as relevant factors. The objective of this review was to update the relationship between parental behaviors and video game addiction in adolescents, identifying relevant behaviors for its prevention and treatment, analyzing the factors involved, recognizing their cyclicality. 37 articles with 56 records were selected through a bibliographic search in Web of Science, Scopus and PsycInfo. Previously established associations were identified (abuse, support, knowledge, control, attachment and parenting styles, family functioning, parent–child relationship and mental health) along with new related factors (attitude towards video games, parental phubbing, parental conflicts, pressure) that could contribute to the prevention and treatment of this problem. The family environment is key to managing and preventing internet gaming disorder in adolescents.
Eficacia de los tratamientos psicológicos para el trastorno de la personalidad límite en la adolescencia: Una revisión paraguas
(Asociación Española de Psicología Clínica y Psicopatología, 2025) Rueda Flores, Elena; Delgado Pardo, Gracia; Villegas Navas, Victoria; Lanzarote Fernández, María Dolores; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos
Objetivo: El trastorno de la personalidad límite (TPL) es cada vez más frecuente en la adolescencia y es altamente incapacitan-te. Esta revisión paraguas analiza qué tratamientos psicológicos han mostrado evidencias sobre eficacia. Método: Se realizó una búsqueda en PsycINFO, Web of Science y Pubmed utilizando palabras clave entre 2013–2023. Se incluyeron 5 revisiones, 3 revisiones y metaanálisis combinados, y 1 metaanálisis siguiendo los estándares PRISMA. La calidad metodológica y el ries-go de sesgo de los estudios se evaluaron con AMSTAR2, clasificándolos en alta, baja o críticamente baja. Resultados: La tera-pia dialécticoconductual y el tratamiento basado en la mentalización, adaptados para adolescentes, son los que ofrecen más evidencias de eficacia. Además, existen datos preliminares sobre la efectividad de programas de prevención e intervención temprana para el TPL. Conclusiones: Se necesitan estudios más robustos metodológicamente, que identifiquen los componentes de los tratamientos esenciales para su eficacia y efectos a largo plazo.
Psychological and spiritual interventions to enhance meaning in adults diagnosed with cancer: a systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression
(Springer, 2023-08-16) Martínez Calderón, Javier; García Muñoz, Cristina; Cano García, Francisco Javier; Heredia Rizo, Alberto Marcos; Fisioterapia; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; CTS1110: Understanding Movement & Self in Health from Science; CTS111: Psicología Clínica y de la Salud
Objective: To summarize the evidence on the effectiveness that psychological and/or spiritual interventions may have to change the levels of meaning, measured with the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being Scale (FACIT-Sp), in adults diagnosed with cancer. Methods: Systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression. CINAHL (via EBSCOhost), Embase, PubMed, PsycINFO (via ProQuest), and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to 21st October 2022. Manual searches were conducted. Only randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were included. The risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool 2. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) approach was used to judge the certainty of the evidence. Results: Eight RCTs were included (N = 1682). Although some individual studies showed positive effects to enhance meaning using mindfulness or dignity therapy, the overall and individual meta-analyses showed a lack of effect of psychological and spiritual interventions in comparison to comparator interventions (MD (95%CI) = -0.19 (-0.45 to 0.06), p = 0.11, Tau2 = 0.0015, I2 = 2%). Publication bias was undetected (Egger's test = 0.35). Furthermore, no RCTs were judged to have a low risk of bias and the overall certainty of the evidence was judged as low. Meta-regression and subgroups meta-analyses also found possible sources of heterogeneity such as some cancer characteristics, the educational stage, or the religious affiliation. Conclusions: Despite some RCTs may show promising results following mindfulness or dignity therapy, no effects were observed in the meta-analysis. Moreover, important methodological and clinical concerns precluded us to make sound clinical recommendations with the available evidence. OPEN SCIENCE FRAMEWORK DOI REGISTRATION: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/4YMTK .
Spiritual well-being, faith, meaning in life, peace, and purpose in life for cancer-related fatigue: systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regressions
(Springer, 2024-04-18) Heredia Rizo, Alberto Marcos; Garcia Muñoz, Cristina; Cano García, Francisco Javier; Heredia Rizo, Alberto Marcos; Fisioterapia; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; CTS1110: Understanding Movement & Self in Health from Science; CTS111: Psicología Clínica y de la Salud
Background Cancer-related fatigue is associated with spiritual distress. Spiritual well-being, characterized by the presence of factors such as meaning in life or purpose in life, seems to play an important role in the management of symptoms of cancer. Currently, the number of studies evaluating the association between cancer-related fatigue and spiritual well-being is increasing and no systematic review has been conducted. Aim To summarize the association between cancer-related fatigue and spiritual well-being, faith, meaning in life, peace, and purpose in life. Design A systematic review with meta-analysis. Data sources The CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, and PubMed databases were searched from inception to 9 October 2023. We considered studies evaluating the cross-sectional or longitudinal association between cancer-related fatigue and the spiritual factors above mentioned. The Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies and the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool assessed the methodological quality of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies, respectively. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system rated the certainty of evidence. Meta-analyses, meta-regressions, subgroup meta-analyses, and sensitivity analyses were conducted. Results A total of 13 studies were included and no longitudinal findings were found. One meta-analysis showed that cancer-related fatigue may be negatively correlated with spiritual well-being (r = − 0.37 (95%CI − 0.44 to − 0.28) p < 0.01). In addition, another meta-analysis found the correlation between cancer-related fatigue and faith was not statistically significant (r = − 0.25 (95%CI − 0.66 to 0.28) p = 0.36). Conclusions Cancer-related fatigue may be correlated with spiritual well-being. However, the certainty of evidence was very low across the meta-analyzed outcomes. Implications for Cancer Survivors A negative correlation was observed between spiritual well-being and cancer-related fatigue.
Integrative model for self-perception of well-being in cancer
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023-06-11) Martínez Calderón, Javier; Casuso-Holgado, María Jesús; Cano García, Francisco Javier; Heredia Rizo, Alberto Marcos; Fisioterapia; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; CTS1110: Understanding Movement & Self in Health from Science; CTS111: Psicología Clínica y de la Salud
Purpose: Continual illness uncertainty can affect how people perceive and interpret their well-being. Some cognitive and spiritual factors may be involved in the management of disruptive thoughts and emotions that can emerge during the experience of cancer. Material and methods: An evidence-based integrative model was developed to evaluate and show the role that mindfulness, acceptance, self-efficacy, uncertainty, meaning, and purpose in life play in the self-perception of well-being in individuals with cancer. This evidence-based integrative model was conducted using relevant and selected studies. Results: An integrative model for self-perception of well-being has been proposed. This model integrates evidence-based findings and provides clear principles for clinicians and researchers. This integrative model proposes that mindfulness, acceptance, self-efficacy perception, and uncertainty can predict how people with cancer perceive their well-being. The model also posits that meaning and purpose in life can act as mediators or moderators of this prediction. Conclusions: This integrative model involves the multidimensionality of human beings and facilitates the understanding of some key factors for the design of therapeutic approaches such as Acceptance & Commitment Therapy or Meaning-Centered Psychotherapy.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONMindfulness, acceptance, self-efficacy, uncertainty, meaning, and purpose in life can be highly relevant for clinical oncology.An integrative model is proposed to understand the combined influence of these factors on patients with cancer.This model may favor a better integration of well-known interventions, such as Mindfulness-based approaches, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), and Meaning-Centered Psychotherapy (MCP).
The prevalence of anxiety and depression in cancer around the world: An overview of systematic reviews evaluating 128 meta analyses
(Elsevier B.V, 2024-04-15) Martínez Calderón, Javier; García-Muñoz, Cristina; Heredia Rizo, Alberto Marcos; Cano García, Francisco Javier; Fisioterapia; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; CTS1110: Understanding Movement & Self in Health from Science; CTS111: Psicología Clínica y de la Salud
Background This overview of systematic reviews with meta-analysis summarized the prevalence of anxiety and depression in different types of tumors around the world. Methods The quality of reviews was assessed. The degree of overlap between reviews was calculated. The regional prevalence of anxiety and depression was shown in the main text based on the World Health Organization regions. Results Twenty-five reviews including 128 meta-analyses of interest were selected. The pooled prevalence of anxiety in breast tumors was in Africa (19 %), the Americas (38 %), Eastern Mediterranean (56 %), Europe (38 %), South-East Asia (42 %), and Western Pacific (26 %). The pooled prevalence of depression in breast tumors was in Africa (40 %), the Americas (23–25 %), Eastern Mediterranean (49–51 %), Europe (27–29 %), South-East Asia (23–33 %), Western Pacific (29 %). The pooled prevalence of depression in digestive tumors was in the Americas (4–44 %), Eastern Mediterranean (42 %), Europe (20–27 %), South-East Asia (66 %), and Western Pacific (24–40 %). The pooled national prevalence of anxiety and depression was mainly evaluated in China and Iran. Limitations Important methodological issues were identified. For example, no reviews judged the certainty of evidence. Conclusions The Eastern Mediterranean region showed the highest prevalence of anxiety and depression for breast tumors. The South-East Asian region showed the highest prevalence of depression for digestive tumors. In these regions, many countries are considered low-income and middle-income countries. Further research funding would help increase the investigation on this topic, which may allow the development of preventive strategies that reduce the prevalence of anxiety and depression.

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