Consumption of caffeinated beverages and kidney function decline in an elderly Mediterranean population with metabolic syndrome

Abstract

It remains unclear whether cafeinated beverages could have deleterious renal efects in elderly population with underlying comorbid conditions. We investigated the associations between cofee, tea, or cafeine intake and 1-year changes in glomerular fltration rate (eGFR) in a large Spanish cohort of overweight/obese elderly with metabolic syndrome (MetS). This prospective analysis includes 5851 overweight/obese adults (55–75 years) with MetS from the PREDIMED-Plus study. We assessed cofee, tea, and cafeine consumption from a validated food-frequency questionnaire and creatinine-based eGFR using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation. Multivariate-adjusted regression models were applied to test associations between baseline cofee, tea, or cafeine intake and 1-year eGFR changes. Cafeinated cofee (>2 cups/day) and tea (at least 1 cup/day) drinkers had 0.88 and 0.93 mL/min/1.73 ­m2 greater eGFR decrease respectively, compared to those with less than 1 cup/day of cofee consumption or non-tea drinkers. Furthermore, cafeinated cofee consumption of > 2 cups/day was associated with 1.19-fold increased risk of rapid eGFR decline> 3 mL/min/1.73 ­m2 (95% CI 1.01–1.41). Similarly, individuals in the highest (median, 51.2 mg/day) tertile of cafeine intake had a 0.87 mL/min/1.73 ­m2 greater eGFR decrease. Decafeinated cofee was not associated with eGFR changes. In conclusion, higher consumption of cafeinated cofee, tea, and cafeine was associated with a greater 1-year eGFR decline in overweight/obese adults with MetS.