Artículos (Ingeniería del Diseño)

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://hdl.handle.net/11441/11347

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Green methanol production from photovoltaics in Europe
(Elsevier, 2025-12-01) Rodríguez Pastor, Diego Antonio; Soltero Sánchez, Víctor Manuel; Chacartegui, Ricardo; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Energética; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España
The European Union’s objective for non-biological fuels is 10 Mt by 2030. The massive implementation of green hydrogen facilities predicts cost overruns for adapting the existing industry towards H 2-ready, making the development of alternative e-fuels imperative. Based on European GIS data, this work analyses the potential implementation of green methanol from CO 2 maximum volumetric blends of 5–20 % H 2 capture in existing industries. The study is based on hydrogen fraction limits on existing natural gas grids, with . The analysis of boundary conditions based on water resources and proximity to the networks yields 3016 potential municipalities for implementing green methanol valleys. The analysis projects a potential of ~30 Mton H capture capacity above 7 Mton CO 2 2 /year in PV to produce 5 Mton of methanol, with a carbon /year. The economic analysis of different scenarios shows that in 2030, the levelized cost of methanol could reach values around ~450 € /ton MeOH, with IRR>15 %, showing the viability of the approach.
Is university teaching aligned with the sustainable development goals possible? An approach through the virtual training of university professors
(Emerald, 2025-03-03) Espejo Antúnez, Luis; Corrales Serrano, Mario; Zamora-Polo, Francisco; Cardero-Durán, María de los Ángeles; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Universidad de Sevilla; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP990: Proyectos de Ingeniería
Purpose This study aims to determine the degree of knowledge acquired by university professors after receiving virtual training on the sustainable development goals (SDGs) and their relationship with the contents of the subjects taught. Design/methodology/approach A 40-h virtual course on SGDs and higher education was designed. To evaluate professor knowledge, a questionnaire was administered to professors from different fields of knowledge. The questionnaire consists of 25 questions divided into two sections: Section 1: Q1–Q8 (knowledge and access to information) and Section 2: Q9–Q25 (the relationship of the subjects taught with the 17 SDGs). The virtual classroom was used to do the questionnaire and it lasted 10 min. The internal consistency of the different constructs was analyzed by Cronbach’s alpha, Kaiser–Meyer–Olkim test and Marlett test. Descriptive and inferential analysis were also performed. Findings Statistical analysis showed a high reliability for the constructs (smallest Cronbach’s alpha = 0.908). Virtual teaching to teachers significantly improves the results of Section 1 (Q1–Q8) (p < 0.001) and Section 2 (Q9–Q25) (p < 0.001) of the questionnaire. Teachers aged 40–50 years significantly associate the contents of their subjects with SDG1 (Q9, p = 0.02), SDG2 (Q10, p = 0.00) and SDG8 (Q16, p = 0.04) previous course. In addition, the area of origin may influence knowledge about the SDGs. At the end of the course, there were no significant differences between teachers by age, field of knowledge or academic category. Originality/value Virtual training on SDGs unifies the knowledge of university faculty, promoting academic curricula aligned to sustain-able training, regardless of age, gender, academic category or field of knowledge.
A Finite Element Analysis of a New Dental Implant Design: The Influence of the Diameter, Length, and Material of an Implant on Its Biomechanical Behavior
(MDPI, 2025-06-03) González-Mederos, Pedro; Rodríguez-Guerra, Jennifer; González-Ruiz, Jesús Eduardo; Picardo Pérez, Alberto; Torres Hernández, Yadir; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería y Ciencia de los Materiales y del Transporte; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICIU). España; European Commission (EC). Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP992: Diseño e Ingeniería; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP123: Metalurgia e Ingeniería de los Materiales
It is widely recognized that excessive stress and/or strain can lead to peri-implant bone atrophy; therefore, the clinical success of dental implants is intrinsically related to their biomechanical behavior. This study evaluates the influence of the diameter, length, and material [Ti6Al4V (α+β Ti) and Ti35Nb7Zr5Ta (β-Ti)] of a novel cylindrical dental implant on stress and strain levels within maxillary bone of type II quality. The implant design aims to ensure an appropriate distribution of stresses and strains within the peri-implant bone structures (cortical and trabecular bones) while also facilitating surgical machining by requiring a simple, linear, and less expensive bone incision. This approach minimizes the risk of thermal necrosis, a common complication in osteotomies for conical implants that can lead to peri-implant bone loss. Using finite element analysis, stress and strain patterns were evaluated in the maxillary second premolar region under static delayed loading. The results reveal that the cortical bone strains remained below the critical threshold (0.003) to prevent resorption. In the trabecular bone, only larger diameter/length configurations satisfied the previous strain criterion. In all simulations, trabecular bone stress remained below 3 MPa, whereas cortical bone stress peaked at 78 MPa. Notably, the implant model with the largest diameter/length minimized stress and strain concentrations in type II bone when compared to smaller designs, thereby demonstrating its biomechanical advantage.
Integrated Creative Design Process: The Role of Sketching in Industrial Design
(Common Ground Research Networks, 2025-05-29) Martín-Mariscal, Amanda; Fernández Rodríguez, Juan Francisco; Aguilar Alejandre, María; Peralta-Álvarez, María Estela; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP992: Diseño e Ingeniería
In industrial design, visual representation methods are important for communicating design ideas and defining product concepts. Among these methods, sketching serves multiple functions and is widely recognized as a key tool for fostering creativity, particularly in the early stages of the design process. This study examines various sketching taxonomies and models that explain design and creative processes, establishing a theoretical foundation for the research. Based on this framework, a novel graphic ideation model is proposed to integrate the creative process into the design workflow through the strategic use of sketches. The model identifies different types of sketches and correlates them with specific stages of the design process, highlighting their potential to enhance creativity and originality. A case study involving the design of a desk was conducted to assess whether the model improves creativity in the design outcome. This case study was compared with two others where the model was not applied. The evaluation of creativity, measured through novelty and usefulness, showed that the case using the graphic ideation model resulted in higher levels of creativity. However, the results should be interpreted carefully, as they are limited by the scope of the study and the specific conditions under which it was conducted.
Grasshopper Algorithmic Modelling: Parametric Design for Product Platform Customisation
(MDPI, 2025-06-01) Martín-Mariscal, Amanda; Fernández Rodríguez, Juan Francisco; Picardo Pérez, Alberto; Peralta-Álvarez, María Estela; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICIU). España; European Commission (EC). Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER); Universidad de Sevilla. TEP992: Diseño e Ingeniería
Recent advances in visual programming tools for algorithmic modelling have significantly expanded the possibilities for designing industrial products. This study analyses the capacity and adaptability of Grasshopper, a graphical algorithm editor integrated with Rhinoceros 3D, as a parametric design tool in the development of product platforms. Three case studies were conducted to evaluate the impact of parameter configuration in product families: perfume bottles, outdoor furniture, and desk organisers. The analysis provided insight into the ability of Grasshopper to (1) automate the generation of product variants within platforms; (2) enable the flexible creation of scalable, customised design alternatives; and (3) improve efficiency in the platform design process in terms of time and technical resources. The results show that Grasshopper provides strong capabilities for customising geometric parameters compared to traditional modelling in Rhinoceros 3D. However, its adaptability is more limited when customisation involves interdependent parameters, such as those related to ergonomics or usability, due to the difficulty of translating these requirements into algorithmic structures. In addition, the initial definition of parameters and constraints may restrict modifications in later design phases. These findings underline the need for algorithm models that support iterative adjustments and flexible reconfiguration throughout all phases of the design process.
Modernizing Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: A Lean Audit Model for Digital Integration
(MDPI, 2025-04-21) Ávila-Gutiérrez, María Jesús; Córdoba-Roldán, Antonio; Morato Huerta, Pablo; Lama-Ruiz, Juan Ramón; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Tapizados MARPE S.L.; Universidad de Sevilla; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP022: Diseño Industrial e Ingeniería del Proyecto y la Innovación
This study proposes an audit model to modernize artisanal manufacturing companies and facilitate their transition to Industry 4.0. Based on Lean Manufacturing, Lean Thinking, and Lean Management principles, the model enhances operational efficiency and competitiveness while considering the resource constraints of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs). It provides a structured approach to identifying key improvement areas and guiding digital transformation. The research follows a four-phase methodology: (1) a company assessment questionnaire to diagnose the current state, (2) a method matrix to analyze improvement strategies, (3) a dimension map to structure key transformation areas, and (4) prioritization of improvement dimensions to define a tailored action plan. A case study in an SME validated its applicability. Findings show that the model helps identify critical improvement factors and implement targeted Lean interventions, enhancing Industry 4.0 readiness. It enables a progressive adoption of digital enablers while optimizing traditional manufacturing processes. The originality of this study lies in its integrated auditing framework, structured around four dimensions and twelve key factors. It introduces a 48-question assessment tool, methods matrices, and prioritization mechanisms. Additionally, it defines four strategic development stages—Readiness, Start-up, In-transition, and Advanced—providing a roadmap for continuous improvement in SMEs.
Un modelo SIG para salvar (o no olvidar) el barranco de Janá de Oria (Almería)
(Instituto Andaluz de Patrimonio Histórico, 2023-02) Moya Muñoz, Jorge; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Universidad de Sevilla. HUM799: Estrategias de Conocimiento Patrimonial
La obras previstas para encauzar los colectores de la futura estación depuradora de Oria (Almería) en el conocido como barranco de Janá supondrían la destrucción de buena parte de la infraestructura de su huerta histórica de origen medieval y la imposibilidad de regar sus tierras. Pese a existir alternativas viables para reconducir estos colectores y evitar poner en riesgo este entorno de gran valor cultural y natural, las administraciones responsables hacen caso omiso a la petición vecinal para preservarlo. Ante tal circunstancia, con la sombra de las máquinas acechando, hemos decidido inventariar de manera organizada todos los elementos que integran esta zona de la huerta centenaria con un doble propósito: construir un argumento más sólido en nuestra lucha colectiva, a la cual no vamos a renunciar; y recabar la máxima información sobre unos bienes culturales que, desgraciadamente, pueden desaparecer pronto. Para vehicular dicha acción, planteamos la creación de un modelo SIG. El uso de esta tecnología digital nos permite, por un lado, identificar geográficamente los diferentes elementos que definen la huerta histórica del entorno señalado y, por otro, atribuir información asociada a cada elemento a partir de la toma de datos en campo, desde fuentes bibliográficas y archivísticas hasta testimonios orales. El resultado obtenido permite tanto la salida de mapas temáticos en formato de imagen como compartir un tipo de archivo vectorial fácilmente reproducible en diferentes visores cartográficos a través de Internet. Además, el modelo generado tiene un carácter abierto, por lo que puede ampliarse al resto de la huerta histórica.
Application od GIS in the National Topographical Map from the Mid-20Th Century: Territorial Relations of the Pre-Industrial Oil Mills of Écija (Seville)
(Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 2024-12-31) Moya Muñoz, Jorge; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Universidad de Sevilla. HUM799: Estrategias de Conocimiento Patrimonial
The town of Écija in the province of Seville has been one of the foremost olive oil trading centres for centuries, a status that required the construction of a large number of oil mills. The continuity of olive production gave rise to a territorial organisation that lasted until a paradigm shift in rural areas in the mid-20th century. Recent research has addressed the relations between the mills and Écija’s historical olive groves. However, the relations between the olive oil mills and all the other features of the town’s agricultural fabric have yet to be examined. The aim of this article is to generate knowledge about the relations between the mills and the other agricultural infrastructures, which is essential to our understanding of the town’s territorial configuration using GIS models. The National Topographical Map from the 1950s has provided the graphical basis for this study.
Ralph Erskine, arquitectura pedagógica: Tres conjunciones en la obra del arquitecto anglo-sueco que involucran a la infancia en el proceso de proyecto
(Editorial Universidad de Sevilla, 2023) Pozo Bernal, Melina; Miró Miró, Cristóbal; Mayoral Campa, Esther; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Expresión Gráfica y Arquitectónica; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Proyectos Arquitectónicos
Ralph Erskine pertenece a ese grupo de arquitectos que entiende la generación del proyecto arquitectónico como un proceso pedagógico y político que ayuda a modelar la sociedad al mismo tiempo que configura un espacio. Por ello, sus propuestas, además de poner cuidado en la función y en la planificación, presentan una gran disponibilidad a atender nuevas ideas, y a incorporar el contexto incluyendo la participación del usuario desde diferentes perspectivas como proceso necesario para alcanzar una arquitectura válida y consensuada. Entre sus obras se seleccionan tres que ofrecen un papel protagonista a la infancia en tres escalas de actuación diversas: espacio público, espacio específico y espacio colectivo y, a su vez, mediante tres modos de participación o roles diferentes: a través, para y con la infancia. Esta metodología cruzada nos ayuda a analizar la aportación que la mirada o la acción infantil ha ofrecido tanto a la planificación, como a las estrategias de proyecto o al modo de hacer arquitectura desarrolladas por el equipo de trabajo del arquitecto anglo sueco: el monumento memorial “El prisionero político desconocido” de 1953, proyectado junto a E.M. Nielsen como un espacio público que revierte el concepto de monumento a través de la acción infantil; la Escuela Gyttorp de 1961, donde profundiza sobre lo que un espacio de aprendizaje para la infancia deber ser y puede aportar a una comunidad, y el proceso participativo llevado a cabo en la remodelación del Barrio de Byker, donde contar con la aportación infantil matizó algunas decisiones, principalmente en lo relativo al espacio colectivo.
Biomimicry: Engineering Inspired by Nature
(Common Ground Research Networks, 2025-02-24) Aguilar-Planet, Teresa; Picardo, A; Fernández Rodríguez, Juan Francisco; Martín-Mariscal, Amanda; Peralta-Álvarez, María Estela; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP992: Diseño e Ingeniería
Humans are intrinsically linked to an extensive natural ecosystem, which is made up of a set of living organisms that interact with each other and with their physical environment, and developing projects in the field of engineering that recognize this connection in a technical way is a key strategy to mitigate or eliminate potential environmental impacts. Considering this concept, biomimicry is a methodology that uses nature as a source of inspiration and knowledge to create innovative, sustainable solutions that also ensure a regenerative and restorative impact on the environment through the responsible and sustainable application of technology. In this context, this work explores how biomimicry, as a discipline, can be effectively utilized within engineering projects, and analyzes the existing strategies and methodological tools that facilitate the effective and goal-oriented application of biomimicry in any field or branch of knowledge, particularly evaluating its potential in engineering solutions. The results identify the main methodologies, tools, and applications of biomimicry, highlighting its potential to improve efficiency, sustainability, and adaptability to different types of engineering projects and identifying how political structures can influence its applications. Integrating biomimicry into a project offers the opportunity to achieve innovative and environmentally friendly design alternatives, as reflected in those provided in the context of application in the marine environment developed in this article, allowing to contribute to certain Sustainable Development Goals.
An Evolutionary Modular Product Development Under Circular Economy Approach
(MDPI, 2024-12-05) Córdoba-Roldán, Antonio; Martín-Gómez, Alejandro Manuel; Rodríguez-Núñez, Marina; Lama-Ruiz, Juan Ramón; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP022: Diseño Industrial e Ingeniería del Proyecto y la Innovación
The incorporation of new technologies and materials, as well as the rapid evolution of products, makes it necessary to guide the product design and development process from bio-inspired perspectives that promote a circular economy. Among the proposals based on a bio-inspired solution is the framework called the Genomic Model of Eco-innovation and Eco-design, which integrates the Cradle-to-Cradle paradigm, material and substance flow analysis, along with all aspects present in the life cycle analysis of products. In this work, innovation is carried out through the integration of genetic algorithms as a methodological tool for optimizing the modular product design in the definition of the genotype within the aforementioned framework. Through a systematic approach, it analyzes how the modular reconfiguration of products, based on circular design principles and genetic optimization, can contribute to a significant reduction in resource use and waste generation. The proposed methodology is applied to a practical case based on the redesign of a small household appliance, demonstrating its potential to facilitate the implementation of circular economy strategies in the early stages of the product design and development process for studying product modularity, with the aims of improving its design and reducing its impact.
Sustainable Conservation of Architectural Heritage to Reduce Environmental Impact: The Morocco Pavilion on Cartuja Island in Seville
(MDPI, 2024-07-24) Castilla Roldán, Manuel-Viggo; López González, Francisco Manuel; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Universidad de Sevilla. HUM1008: Arquitectura, Patrimonio y Ecología
The architectural heritage of a particular place, in most cases, is characterised by vernacular and unique constructions that have been adapted to local climate conditions. For this purpose, specific materials and construction methods have traditionally been used that, in addition to the durability of the construction, also allow for the consideration of the energy efficiency of the building itself. The present intersection of climate change and architecture has led to new exposure to the external agents for which constructions were designed, forcing, in most cases, a review of building envelopes and very costly proposals. From the point of view of efficiency, intervention strategies with passive measures are proposed that not only improve the energy performance and maintenance of buildings themselves, but also lower the overall energy consumption. Using a heritage case study of the city of Seville, the Moroccan Pavilion, at Expo 92, this work includes an analysis and proposal of effective action through a methodological study of energy efficiency. The problem of high energy consumption during the summer months in Seville is tested in the Pavilion. The results indicate an urgent need for renovation, and among different options, new intervention measures are recommended as an alternative to consumption based on knowledge and tradition; moreover, passive construction elements are proposed in accordance with the climatic reality of the environment for optimal conservation in new climate scenarios.
Effective communication in BIM as a driver of CSR under the happiness management approach
(Emerald, 2024-03-19) Villena Manzanares, Francisco; García-Segura, Tatiana; Pellicer, Eugenio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP924: Expresión Gráfica del Producto y de las Instalaciones
Purpose – Building information modeling (BIM) is a growing technology and methodology for project design in the construction industry. However, when the project design team designs with BIM in a free-form manner (without a qualified instructor), it is not clear how behavior or trust might develop among project team members, nor if there are variables that might influence the improvement of such collaboration. Design/methodology/approach – A sample of 92 responses was obtained from managers of project design firms in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) sector. The questionnaire data were analyzed using partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Findings – This paper provides an explanation, from a happiness management perspective, to reflect on the importance of establishing policies to enhance effective communication between project team members in BIM design, as it improves trust between team members and their collaborators, developing the overall satisfaction of all the agents involved in the project. Originality/value – The researchers suggest that there is a gap in the literature on how effective communication influences the implementation of BIM methodology.
Innovation Inspired by Nature: Applications of Biomimicry in Engineering Design
(MDPI, 2024-08-30) Aguilar-Planet, Teresa; Peralta-Álvarez, María Estela; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP992: Diseño e Ingeniería
Sustainable development is increasingly driving the trend toward the application of biomimicry as a strategy to generate environmentally friendly solutions in the design of industrial products. Nature-inspired design can contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals by improving efficiency and minimizing the environmental impact of each design. This research conducted an analysis of available biomimetic knowledge, highlighting the most applied tools and methodologies in each industrial sector. The primary objective was to identify sectors that have experienced greater adoption of biomimicry and those where its application is still in its early stages. Additionally, by applying the available procedures and tools to a selected case study (technologies in marine environments), the advantages and challenges of the methodologies and procedures were determined, along with potential gaps and future research directions necessary for widespread implementation of biomimetics in the industry. These results provide a comprehensive approach to biomimicry applied to more sustainable practices in product design and development.
Levantamiento y análisis del molino hidráulico del Marqués de los Vélez de Oria (Almería): correspondencia entre planimetría histórica y situación actual
(Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 2024-12-27) Moya Muñoz, Jorge; Angulo Fornos, Roque; González Serrano, Ana María; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas I (ETSA); Universidad de Sevilla. HUM779: Estrategias de Conocimiento Patrimonial
La mayoría de las huertas históricas de origen medieval de la provincia de Almería cuentan con molinos hidráulicos como principales unidades productivas encargadas de obtener harina para el alimento de la población. De entre ellas, destaca por sus dimensiones y recursos estilísticos el conocido como el molino del “Cubo Alto” de Oria, sobre el que no recae, actualmente, ningún tipo de protección patrimonial. El objetivo del presente artículo consiste en generar y difundir conocimiento en torno a dicha edificación. La existencia de planimetría asociada a la reconstrucción del molino, en el año 1818, ha posibilitado establecer tanto una comparación formal como constructiva respecto al edificio actual. Este análisis permite proponer hipótesis de las variantes existentes entre el molino colapsado inicialmente, la ejecución de las obras de reconstrucción, previstas en el siglo XIX, y las realizadas finalmente. Se utilizan las herramientas de los modelos digitales para llevar a cabo el levantamiento y el análisis del molino actual.
Design, fabrication, and characterization of novel dental implants with porosity gradient obtained by Selective Laser Melting
(Elsevier, 2025-03) Robau-Porrua, Amanda; González, Jesús E.; Arancibia-Castillo, Roberto; Picardo Pérez, Alberto; Araneda-Hernández, Eugenia; Torres Hernández, Yadir; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería y Ciencia de los Materiales y del Transporte; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España; European Commission. Fondo Social Europeo (FSO); Universidad de Sevilla. TEP992: Diseño e Ingeniería; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP123: Metalurgia e Ingeniería de los Materiales
Porous dental implants represent a significant advancement in dentistry, offering improved osseointegration, reduced bone resorption and minimized stiffness to better interact with surrounding bone. This study focuses on the development of Ti6Al4V implants with immediate loading and controlled porosity (40 vol% and 600 µm pore size) to improve vascularization and bone ingrowth, which are crucial for successful integration and long-term performance. Dense implants, fully porous implants, and a hybrid design combining a porous surface with a dense core were fabricated using Selective Laser Melting, enhancing fatigue resistance under cyclic loads. Porosity was quantified, revealing 19 % through image analysis and 13 % via the Archimedes method. Finite Element Analysis demonstrated that porous implants improve stress distribution, facilitate load transfer to peri-implant trabecular bone, and achieve uniform stress and strain distributions between thread fillets, with values ranging from 1.1 MPa to 1.6 MPa for stress and 0.0002 to 0.0030 for strain, promoting bone growth. Comparisons with β-Ti alloy implants featuring a porous structure and dense core revealed reduced stress concentrations and a lower risk of fatigue failure. These findings highlight the potential of hybrid and β-Ti designs for personalized dental implants, balancing mechanical performance with biological compatibility to meet patient-specific needs.
Analysis of fractal manufacturing systems framework towards industry 4.0
(Elsevier, 2020-10) Peralta-Álvarez, María Estela; Soltero Sánchez, Víctor Manuel; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP992: Diseño e Ingeniería; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP137: Máquinas y Motores Térmicos
Currently, ways to approach the design of Cyber Physical Systems in Industry 4.0 are under development. Emerging concepts of Smart Factories require the development of specialized knowledge; new working methods are also needed to manage the transition from conventional industry to industry 4.0. To achieve this objective, fractal theory could provide the appropriate knowledge and tools. Fractal systems applied to manufacturing have been widely used over the last decades to design complex adaptive systems: it allows the introduction of resilience requirements (capacity to react to changes in a turbulent environment) and to reduce the complexity of its structure, operation and management. In order to know the potential and the possibility of applying fractal theory to the design of systems in Industry 4.0, this article reviews the publications that develop fractal systems for manufacturing engineering. The review includes contributions published between 1985 (approximate date of the first works on the theory applied to manufacturing engineering) and 2019. The objective is to gather those strategies, methodologies and successful case studies that can be useful for the approaches of Industry 4.0 and to define a set of future lines of work for the adaptation of the fractal theory to the new challenges posed by Industry 4.0.
District heating systems based on low-carbon energy technologies in Mediterranean areas
(Elsevier, 2017-02) Lizana Moral, Francisco Jesús; Ortiz Domínguez, Carlos; Soltero Sánchez, Víctor Manuel; Chacartegui, Ricardo; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Energética; European Commission (EC). Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER); Universidad de Sevilla. TEP137: Máquinas y Motores Térmicos
Heating and cooling are responsible for 70% of energy consumption in European buildings, with renewables covering only 18%. To reduce emissions in the building sector, district heating based on low-carbon energy is identified as a key technology for the transition to a low-carbon economy. However, currently only 16% of thermal district networks are based on biomass, and around 3.2% on solar. This paper analyses the application of solar and biomass district heating systems in the low-to-moderate population density areas of the Mediterranean. These areas are characterised by high solar and biomass availability, and lack of space restrictions, along with particular challenges for implementation. A methodology for viability analysis and optimised integration is presented. The methodology is applied to a case study in the south of Spain. The results show that with a linear heat density greater than 1.5 MWh/m, there could be viability with internal rates of return higher than 7.4 and 9.8%, and payback period below 13 and 10 years, for solar and biomass systems respectively. The use of seasonal thermal energy storage allows the solar fraction to be increased from 55 to 75%. Sizing and design strategies for their viable implementation in Mediterranean areas are extrapolated from the analyses.
Evaluation of the potential of natural gas district heating cogeneration in Spain as a tool for decarbonisation of the economy
(Elsevier, 2016-11-15) Soltero Sánchez, Víctor Manuel; Chacartegui, Ricardo; Ortiz Domínguez, Carlos; Velázquez, R.; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Energética; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP137: Máquinas y Motores Térmicos
High efficiency heating/cooling networks have a main role in economy decarbonisation. Evaluation of the potential for cogeneration district heating systems at regional level requires environmental, economic and regulatory analyses at different levels. This paper defines a top-down/bottom-up methodology for the analysis of potential cogeneration district heating systems at regional level as tool for supporting energy policies. It is based on the analysis at four levels for the regulatory framework, resources, infrastructures and demands: national, regional, municipality and district. As case study the methodology is applied to the analysis of cogeneration heating networks in the Spanish continental area. For the case study, cogeneration heating networks of small power (5MWe) were shown as the most interesting option with heat supply capacity for 1300–1400 houses. The application of the methodology to this region shows a potential for 589 new fully viable cogeneration district heating systems. It implies the installation of 3000 MW of high efficiency distributed power. For each single module annual savings above 0.5 Million euros are expected with market prices for gas and electricity. Results show the opportunity for an annual CO₂ emissions savings above 4 Million of CO₂ tons and a business generation above 3000 Million of euros.
Potential of biomass district heating systems in rural areas
(2018-08-01) Soltero Sánchez, Víctor Manuel; Chacartegui, Ricardo; Ortiz, Carlos; Velázquez-Mata, Rocío; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Mecánica de Medios Continuos y Teoría de Estructuras; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP137: Máquinas y Motores Térmicos; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP245: Ingenierías de la Estructuras
Biomass district heating systems are a promising way to increase thermal efficiency in rural areas. These areas have specific characteristics, such as a relative low linear heat density and proximity to biomass resources. Generally, rural areas show higher levels of energy poverty than urban areas and a higher number of partially used or unoccupied dwellings. These factors greatly affect the energy provided by a district heating system and should therefore be properly assessed when designing a sustainable facility. This manuscript develops a methodology for implementing biomass district heating facilities in rural areas, taking into account their specific characteristics. As a case study, the methodology is applied to 499 rural municipalities with a population above 1500 inhabitants in the continental region of Spain. Results show a potential for 154 biomass district heating systems with an internal rate of return above 5%, and 31 systems above 10%. On the other hand, only three district heating systems are classified as non-profitable. The massive implantation of these systems in the region under study reduce CO2 emissions from fossil fuels in 5.4 million tons per year and would imply and important impulse to local economy.

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