IDA: Advanced Doctoral Research in Architecture (1º. 2017. Sevilla)

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://hdl.handle.net/11441/69281

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A critical analysis of the architectural work of Milton Barragán
(2017) Casado López, Guillermo; Tejedor Cabrera, Antonio; Molina Huelva, Marta
This paper presents part of the research done for a doctoral thesis on the work of the Ecuadorian architect and sculptor, Milton Barragán. Belonging to the modernist movement and affiliated with ‘brutalism’ undertook most of his work in Quito, Ecuador. Milton Barragán has been the main source of research information, providing material archiving and video format interviews about his biography, his influences and his work. The results presented correspond to early phases of the research study, and comprise a characterisation of his architecture and a preview of the critical analysis of his work based on studies of the influences on and the creative processes of four of his most important works: the Artigas Building (1974), the ‘Templo de La Dolorosa’ (1979), the CIESPAL Building (1980) and the ‘Templo de la Patria’ (1980). His works emerge from the site, with dialogues and connections between the architecture and the environment being established. Milton Barragán Interprets ‘brutalism’ through a prominent use of reinforced concrete and taking on structural and construction challenges. The application of sculptural concepts and the organic use of the exterior spaces make his work an element of great architectonic and heritage importance.
A study of the essential characteristics of a global dance floor system
(Universidad de Sevilla, 2017) Turiel, Claudia; García-Santos, Antonio; Tejedor Cabrera, Antonio; Molina Huelva, Marta
To date, no single, global solution has been found for floors intended for dance. This is due both to the difficulty, since the floor has to meet many different needs for each type of dance, and to the lack of research in this specific direction. Solutions to people’s real problems can be given through research in architecture, especially when those problems originate from the interaction between people and their environment. But it is also especially appropriate when the problem has many different facets, which have to be examined in an integral way to give a solution that combines them, as in the present case. The general objective of this research is to accurately define the characteristics required for a global dance floor, so as to improve the health and working conditions of the dancers. In order to do this, the question will be examined from three points of view: (I) the study of the floor/dancer interaction from a medical perspective, (II) the study of the regulations currently applicable (which do not contemplate the specific needs of dance), and (III) the study of current dance floor systems (including their assessment by professionals). It will be the combination of these three lines of analysis that will lead to the definition of the characteristics of a truly global solution. From the outset it can be assumed that this system has to have basic characteristics that respond to the general needs common to all dances (predictably resolved with the structural basis of the floor system), and variable characteristics, controllable by the user, that conform to the specific and incompatible requirements of each dance (predictably resolved in the superficial section of the system).
Aesthetics of ruins and ethics of architectural design: New interventions on archeological heritage
(Universidad de Sevilla, 2017) Bagnato, Vicenzo Paolo; Tejedor Cabrera, Antonio; Molina Huelva, Marta
This study aims to analyze the relationships between archaeological ruin and architectural design in their complex implications on contemporary landscape construction. Starting from the definition of “significance” and “value” for the vestiges, it investigates reasons, necessities and intervention criteria in archaeological sites, in relationship with the settlements’ entity and with the society and environment cultural factors. The text lays the foundations to overcome, epistemologically, the idea of design as “transformation”, recuperating a “gadamerian” interpretative approach and demonstrating how the aesthetic value of architecture is linked to its dialogic dimension, and how this, prior to configure as strategy of ethical legitimacy, is a condition that intrinsically and specifically qualifies the cultural landscape and, as such “archaeological”, is inherent the nature of the place.
An approach to the ideal concept of urban planning in the 18th century: colonial settlements in Andalusía
(Universidad de Sevilla, 2017) Quevedo Rojas, Carlos José; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Proyectos Arquitectónicos; Tejedor Cabrera, Antonio; Molina Huelva, Marta
Enlightened thought as an intellectual movement that developed in Europe in the Age of Enlightenment was the basis of modern critical thinking in a global vision that associates culture, economy, politics and society and in which planning plays a strategic role as the enforcer of these ideas as a mediator between theory and praxis. The main objectives of this thesis are to link this thought with the concept of “ideal city” in the 18th century, analyse applicable cases of colonial settlements in Andalusia, analyse their direct links to Europe and America, recognise the existing formal elements of the colonising and founding phase and from the territorial, urban and architectural scope, as well as carrying out an assessment and critical analysis of the current urban-territorial configuration. The systematic analysis of new settlements and a case study based on updated methodology helps us to understand these clear examples of application of the new ideals and enlightened principles of economic and social reform within the concepts of habitat and city in the Golden Age. This particular research addresses integration as a fundamental principle of architectural thought, interdisciplinarity as an articulation of the various fields and the different scales of work, as well as the importance of the relationship of urban planning with the natural and social environment as an agent of transformation under general principles. In this regard, the research addresses a complexity of the socio-spatial dialectic from the perspective of the discipline, a dialectic in which a cross-sectional analysis of the processes becomes necessary.
Analysis of incidence of license management activities in the processes of international standard UNE ISO 21.500
(Universidad de Sevilla, 2017) García Ruiz-Espiga, Adolfo; Soler Severino, Manuel; Tejedor Cabrera, Antonio; Molina Huelva, Marta
The International Standard UNE ISO 21,500 is a compendium of the best practices of Project Management standards that are implemented at a global level, in a process of identification of procedures and a common language, in such a way as to facilitate and enhance the collaborations between countries. The Standard establishes the processes of the project according to two points of view, that is, by Subject Groups and Process Groups, and which are applied to all types of projects This work is done after analyzing the incidences of the activities related to the Licensing Management of 27 building projects built in the city of Madrid. In view of the result, it identifies the activities of Licensing and Authorizations Management of special relevance, being involved in practically all the processes established in the International Standard UNE ISO 21500, and having implications in all phases of the Life Cycle of the Building Project Because of its importance, we propose the identification of Licensing and Authorization Management as a new Area of Knowledge within the International Standard, identifying the processes assigned to a new Subjects Group.
Architect, work and method
(Universidad de Sevilla, 2017) Besa Díaz, Eneko; Tejedor Cabrera, Antonio; Molina Huelva, Marta
This thesis approaches the question of Method in architecture by focusing its analysis on 5 specific contemporary projects, trying to unveil their underlying constitutive motivations. KAZUYO SEJIMA (AND SANAA AND RYUE NISHIZAWA), House in a Plum Grove in Tokyo. FRANK O. GEHRY, Walt Disney Concert Hall in Los Angeles. ÁLVARO SIZA, Mimesis Museum in Paju Book City. REM KOOLHAAS, The Dutch Embassy in Berlin. PETER ZUMTHOR, Kolumba Museum in Cologne. Thus, architectonical object and work are considered the susceptible elements that provide the material knowledge that unravels the manner and the methodology by which they were conceived. With this particular approach, this thesis challenges other traditional studies, those that regard the Method in architecture as a regulated or universal systematic procedure. On the contrary, the purpose of this thesis is to clarify the foundations and principles that underlie each specific architectonical object. Meanwhile, the conclusion of the thesis (which is the object of this paper) shows a position that complements the specific character of the previous chapters, since it dares to move forward conclusively towards the definition of the essential principles of the Method in architecture today. The thesis differentiates itself from the scientific-historical researches, having them as a support, it opens a new way for future researches which can be specifically focused on the architectonical project’s methodology.
Architectonical limits in the bidimensional work of Eduardo Chillida
(Universidad de Sevilla, 2017) Dovale Carrión, Carmiña; Tejedor Cabrera, Antonio; Molina Huelva, Marta
The proposal is to make an architectural reading of the limits we can find in the two-dimensional work of Eduardo Chillida. The sculptor works the theme of space in his pieces. For this, the use of limits that configure shape is necessary, but that form is not the final goal. In fact, the only interest of the artist is in the relation between forms. His work tends to the essential, and this resulting formal synthesis is of great help for the analysis. The treatment of the boundary in Chillida’s works is very diverse, but, in general, the artist understands and uses it as a threshold between spaces. It is not a barrier, but rather an enabling element.
Architecture & entropy. Time and destruction as a creative subject
(Universidad de Sevilla, 2017) Blázquez Jesús, Pablo; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Proyectos Arquitectónicos; Tejedor Cabrera, Antonio; Molina Huelva, Marta; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP141: Proyecto y Patrimonio
Based on the Second Principle of Thermodynamics, any architectural manifestation has inexorably to do with time and destruction from the very moment it is situated in reality. All creation is temporary and ephemeral, even if it aspires to an eternal permanence. Architecture is the support that gives shape to time, so that any object, building or city is nothing more than a system in continuous transformation. Entropy opens a new territory from which to understand reality through destructive processes in time, however, architectural discipline has associated this concept with negative connotations, rejecting its anabolic and constructive capacity. This article presents the state of a thesis that studies in depth the intense, vibrant and productive relationship between architecture and entropy, through its two fundamental variables: time and destruction. The main objective of the research will be to analyze various works, projects and actions that have used time and destruction as project material, thus justifying how entropy can be integrated into the architectural project.
Architecture against city. Encounters between collective housing and public space
(Universidad de Sevilla, 2017) Alvarez Arce, Raquel; Tejedor Cabrera, Antonio; Molina Huelva, Marta
For decades, the collective housing project has been repeating practices and habits inherited from the Modern Movement, with rigid programs that understand the building as a container (sum of housing capsules behind a facade), and with little regard for the boundary between the building and the adjacent public space. So far the problem of housing has been reduced exclusively to a problem of numbers and means, trusting in the effectiveness of the block, the tower, the row, etc. The research that is being developed tries to demonstrate that an exit to the problem of contemporary collective housing and the search for new types would happen by rethinking the limit between the building and the public space. The architects from the Modern Movement’s third generation, react agains the rational housing standards, looking for new ways to break the limit using two strategies: systematization and contextualization (context: surroundings, environment, atmosphere…). These two strategies create different project mechanisms, which have been collected by some of the contemporary architects, seeking to recover the third generation’s speech, their proposals and their statements.The dissertation’s purpose is to investigate in these proposals and strategies’s origin, and detect the different design mechanism which the third generation used, by analyzing relevant housing programs, in order to find new formulations for the contemporary collective housing.
Carlo Scarpa: abstraction as an argument of yhe sublime, Research strategy
(Universidad de Sevilla, 2017) Ros Campos, Andrés; Tejedor Cabrera, Antonio; Molina Huelva, Marta
From the visit to the work of Carlo Scarpa fascinates the ability of the architect to maintain the visual balance in spite of the profusion of details in his architecture. The spaces generated, maintain a sense of modernity, tolerating the wealth of solutions and nuances, which seemed to break the aseptic proposals of the architectural vanguard of the first half of the XX century. Contrary to what might seem, by the abundance of elements, in his work underlies a deep respect for modernity and artistic avant-garde, without impediment to reinterpret the modern legacy in an absolutely personal, original and unique way. The research of this thesis was, therefore, focused on the mechanism of abstraction, applied to the creative methodology of architecture and extended to art and design. This intervention in the congress aims to explain the research strategy, its needs and its information and interpretation sources, as well as to claim the importance of collaboration between the archives that safeguard the proposals of the architecture of the XX century and researchers in the academic scope. In this process, it is discovered how the result of the architecture of Scarpa is based on his own methodology for designing, based on a peculiar way of drawing and approaching the creative process.
Complementary techniques for the characterization of new construction materials: Analysis and review
(Universidad de Sevilla, 2017) Pedreño Rojas, Manuel Alejandro; Morales Conde, María Jesús; Rodríguez Liñán, Carmen; Pérez Gálvez, Filomena; Rubio de Hita, Paloma; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas I; Tejedor Cabrera, Antonio; Molina Huelva, Marta; Universidad de Sevilla. EP205: Analisis y Evaluacion de Sistemas Constructivos y Estructurales en la Arquitectura
El avance en el desarrollo de nuevos materiales constructivos ha originado la necesidad de emplear nuevas técnicas de ensayos que, hasta ese momento, habían sido utilizadas por otras ramas del conocimiento. Este trabajo pretende hacer un recorrido por diferentes investigaciones que han empleado alguna de estas técnicas para completar la caracterización de los nuevos materiales estudiados, observando en cada caso el alcance y la utilidad del empleo de estos métodos en el campo de la construcción. Se realiza un estudio pormenorizado de algunas de estas técnicas mediante el análisis de investigaciones en las que son empleadas, observando la finalidad de su uso y los resultados conseguidos con el método en cuestión. Para este congreso se realiza una selección de cinco de estas técnicas complementarias (elegidas por su mayor influencia y utilización), que son la Tomografía Computarizada de Rayos-X, Ultrasonidos, Termografía Infrarroja, Difracción por Rayos-X y Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido.
Contemporary architecture and its integration with patrimonial architecture
(Universidad de Sevilla, 2017) Martínez Gómez, Josué Nathan; Tejedor Cabrera, Antonio; Molina Huelva, Marta
One of the most complex interventions in architecture is when buildings with important patrimonial value are actualized. Not only for the technical construction, but for the ethical position of the author and the new aesthetic value that will acquire that work as part of a historic city. Achieving a balance so that contemporary architecture is not submitted to patrimonial, nor patrimonial is diminished in front of a contemporary intervention requires a balanced dialogue between both interventions that contribute in their opposite times. The hypothesis considers that every building whose author has a theoretical support based on Ethics, Memory and Phenomenology, is consistent with its historical context and ensures its presence in the culture of the place. Also Time, Abstraction, Vanguards, Subject, Aesthetics, Criticism, Synthesis and Historical Multiplicity are some of the topics to study their relationship. And constitute a framework of knowledge to formulate a theory that addresses the integration of contemporary intervention in a historical context. There are two objectives proposed in this study: on the one hand, it is important to have a theoretical basis in heritage interventions and, on the other hand, to propose a methodology that can be repeated in other case studies to make an architectural critique and to evaluate if the intervention is according to the historical context. The case study that will allow me to explain both the ethical stance of an architect and his constructed work is the Kolumba Museum by Peter Zumthor. For that reason, it will deepend as much in its written ideas as in its museum, besides other theoretical reflections.
Current and future demand-side management potential related to the thermal mass of residential buildings in Europe background and methodological approach
(Universidad de Sevilla, 2017) Borja Torrejón, Manuel de; León-Rodríguez, Ángel Luis; Auer, Thomas; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas I (ETSA); Tejedor Cabrera, Antonio; Molina Huelva, Marta
The aim of this article is to present a summary of the state of the art and the methodological approach, included in the research proposal of an ongoing doctoral thesis investigating demand-side management in buildings. This resource can help balance electricity consumption and its variable production from renewable sources. The use of demand-side management could contribute favourably to the transition towards an energy model based on renewable energies, and the achievement of climate objectives set to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The thesis focuses on the demand-side management potential associated with the use of the building mass, whose thermal properties enable the adaptation of the operation of heating and cooling systems, while maintaining thermal comfort. The impact of climate change and the improvement of the energy efficiency of the building stock on the potential of demand-side management are addressed. To this end, a comparative analysis of the current and future potentials of residential buildings in Europe, located in continental and Mediterranean climatic zones, is planned by applying a combination of experimental and predictive methods. The considered hypothesis poses that, due to global warming, the demand-side management potential associated with the use of the building mass could increase in the continental climatic zone and decrease in the Mediterranean zone. A drastic reduction of these potentials owing to an overall implementation of highly energy-efficient standards in buildings is additionally assumed.
Disassembling domesticity. Habiting heterotopias
(Universidad de Sevilla, 2017) M-Millana, Elena; Tejedor Cabrera, Antonio; Molina Huelva, Marta
This research explores domesticity outside the home; the domus; the house, via the analysis of the heterotopias, where individuals within non-family groups have lived and developed their lives. In order to do this, we start (dis)assembling this condition by separating the various items of its configuration and analysing the different meanings that are associated with it. These must be re-thought as something foreign, by looking outside the common, the ordinary and the habitual. To carry out this operation certain terms appear such as: intimacy, privacy, public, proximity, habit and family, amongst others, that contain contradictory and even sinister meanings, for example: domination, patriarchy and private property. Next, various Heterotopic constructions are studied and the living conditions are analysed to identify the progressive or regressive transformations of domesticity. Justifiably added to the group of institutions that gave rise to this term, the hospitals and prisons, are the monasteries and convents. They all clearly reveal the radical issues of habitation and demonstrate how transformations of domesticity are directly connected to the relationship between architecture and power. This dissertation uses the case of the medieval beguines to illustrate this article.
Documentary analysis. To live with a rivern the rural in the rural environment in the last 180 years. Of convenience to coexistence the case of the river Esgueva and the people of its valley
(Universidad de Sevilla, 2017) Espinosa Galindo, Arancha; Caz Enjuto, Rosario del; Tejedor Cabrera, Antonio; Molina Huelva, Marta
This research is developed through a documentary analysis that describes the evolution that has occurred in the relationship between a river and its environment in the rural environment. The "Valle Esgueva" is selected because of the proximity of the sample to the researcher, which allows for easy study, as well as, for the entity of the sample, with sufficient diversity. The Esgueva river runs between 29 rural municipalities, flowing into the Pisuerga River in the city of Valladolid, all in the basin of the River Duero in the Community of Castile and Leon, Spain. The analysis of the sample is used as a methodology in an approximate period of time of 180 years. The documentation is divided into three time periods where the evolution of this relationship is described. It is observed that there has been a diverse relationship with the river: from a functional and economic dependence in the nineteenth century, to a certain detachment during much of the twentieth century (beyond the collection of water for supply and irrigation), until in the present, to the search, again, of a closer relation, although of different character. The same functional and economic dependence does not exist, but there is an increasingly necessary approach from environmental and landscape approaches (including the tourism component). The diffusion of the conclusions to the municipalities through workshops is another objective. The recognition of the river, as an integral linear element, allows the user to evaluate it from scientific aspects.
Domestic Big Data. Cluster tool for the analysis, assessment, diagnosis and design of the contemporary collective housing in dense city centres
(Universidad de Sevilla, 2017) Sallago Zambrano, Borja; Tejedor Cabrera, Antonio; Molina Huelva, Marta
The aim of this research is to create a tool which could be useful for architects as a methodology applied in projects. Said methodology would allow us to analyze the real state of the housing stock that, after the global crisis just passed, Spain suffered. To this purpose, we try to use the latest generation concerning in data field technologies. Therefore, the current achievement is to focus on the fact that BigData do not throw away any clue to solve by themselves any question, but through the use of the specific tool applied, the relation between data will help to move forward any research. We divide the development of this tool into five main categories: Urban Gradient, Energetic Optimization, Habitability, Adaptability, and Social. Through this thesis the main target proposed is to visualize these categories, but highlighting the relation between the parts analyzed — in a topological way — in opposite to the usual methodology more extended through the state of art in the past, where plans, sections and axonometric, were mainly the support to transcribe those graphic analyses into information. Moreover, this is not a matter of form and calligraphy; the target will be to distill the tool in order to connect a máximum of conditions from the project to be analyzed and controlled just using a mínimum of data from the beginning. That implies two spots: in one hand, the capacity of being able to compare the same parameters with two or more different projects; and on the other hand, to offer a boost in future improvements from architectural strategies.
Dwelling. Invariants in contemporary architecture
(Universidad de Sevilla, 2017) Moreno Sánchez-Cañete, Francisco José; Martínez Díaz, Manuel; Bolívar Montesa, Carmen; Muñoz Carabias, Francisco Felipe; Tejedor Cabrera, Antonio; Molina Huelva, Marta
The house has one of the greatest powers of integration for the thoughts, memories and dreams of men. The house, in the life of an individual, overcome men contingencies and multiplies men advice for continuity. Without it, men would be a dispersed human being. The house is body and soul. It is the first world of the human being ... And always, in his dreams, “the house is a large cradle”, as said by Bachelard. There has been a clear evolution of the concept of housing over time. But after all, the house still remains as a reflection of its inhabitants. When a man makes a house his own, we can conclude, he has found what he can call his “morada”. This study is a reflection on the transformation of the house and what is maintained in the dwelling.
Empirical method applied in research on residential energy retrofitting
(Universidad de Sevilla, 2017) Escandón Ramírez, Rocío; Blázquez, Teresa; Martínez-Hervás, Mónica; Suárez, Rafael; Sendra, Juan J.; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas I; Tejedor Cabrera, Antonio; Molina Huelva, Marta; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP130: Arquitectura, Patrimonio y Sostenibilidad: Acustica, Iluminación, Óptica y Energía
European policies currently focus on energy efficiency as one of the main targets to address, regarding energy retrofitting of the existent housing stock as a priority to reduce energy demand in the building sector. In Europe, an important part of the housing stock built after the Second World War and before the first energy regulations, presents a deficient energy performance and a great energy saving potential through its retrofitting with passive solutions. Several PhD works share the aim to assess the environmental and energy performance of the social housing stock to foresee the most suitable retrofit strategies to carry. Energy simulation tools become essential to predict the energy behaviour of retrofit buildings. However, energy simulation results are not trustworthy without validating the adjustment of energy models to the reality. According to this, monitoring environmental and energy conditions, together with empirical in situ tests in real case study samples, become basic. The aim of this work is to expose the empirical methodology shared by three on-going PhD thesis about environmental and energy assessment of the social housing stock, concerning climate conditions from the South of Spain. This methodology can be adopted in different scales of approach: from an urban level, to residential ensembles or single dwellings.
Envelope's energy performance of universities buildings located in Bahía-Brazil
(Universidad de Sevilla, 2017) Santana, Bruno; Helena Coch; Tejedor Cabrera, Antonio; Molina Huelva, Marta
The research elects as its theme the energy efficiency at universities buildings located at different cities of Brazil. Based on the recent Brazilian’s university spread, the object of study elected is three classroom pavilion built at different inner cities of Bahia / Brazil (Barreiras, Cruz das Almas and Vitória da Conquista) based upon the same architectural project. It will be evaluated the envelope’s energy performance of these three buildings and their thermal impact into the classrooms. The energy analysis carried out until now are based on technical data of these three classroom pavilions, some of them collected in situ, and on computational simulations. From this analysis it is possible to point out some envelope’s weak characteristics of each building and the major guidelines for a future retrofit.
First international architectural journey of Juan Madrazo
(Universidad de Sevilla, 2017) Fernández Martínez, Margarita María; Tejedor Cabrera, Antonio; Molina Huelva, Marta
In the nineteenth century arises the activity of architectural restoration to recover the values of the buildings of the past. The world of cathedrals was the most suitable, both for the new architecture and at the same time, for the restorations that are then made of these buildings. In Spain, as in France and other European countries, the center of restorations will be associated with the notable abandonment of medieval historical heritage. Stopping us in the last third of the nineteenth, Juan de Madrazo decided to undertake his first international trip to the origin of the restorations, which at that time took place in France, where the architect par excellence, Viollet-le-Duc. Among other places, visit Burdeos, Portiers, Tours, Orleans, Paris, Stuttgart, Munich, etc. In all of them they visited important monuments in which they were in full restoration at the time, or, just finished. From the hand of Madrazo, a trip is made through the Europe of medieval restoration; A journey that allows you to discover both the interventions that were being carried out and Madrazo's own opinion on them, which also allows him to discover the personality of Madrazo himself, and even the friendships and professional relationships he maintains with other architects he knows abroad.

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