Artículos (Ingeniería del Diseño)

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://hdl.handle.net/11441/11347

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Mostrando 1 - 5 de 5

Evaluation model of the economic-environmental impact on housing recovery. Application in the city of Seville, Spain
(Elsevier, 2022-08) Alba-Rodríguez, María Desirée; Solís-Guzmán, Jaime; Marrero Meléndez, Madelyn; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas II (ETSIE); Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Junta de Andalucía; European Union (UE); Universidad de Sevilla. TEP172: Arquitectura: Diseño y Técnica
The recovery of dwellings, understood as the repair of severely damaged housing, it is of great importance at a European level due to the large number of neighbourhoods in need of improvements in comfort, structural integrity, and accessibility. The proposed model, based on the ecological footprint (EF) indicator and the amounts of resources required as expressed in the project budget, provides the necessary quantification for the evaluation of the economic-environmental impact, while simultaneously evaluating the viability of the intervention. The model facilitates the comparison of the most sustainable and competitive solutions; hence it can be employed to establish resilient policies based on sustainable planning. Eight practical projects are analysed in Seville, Spain. At the level of material results, the impact can be reduced by 80%, depending on the potential for recycling and recovery of the materials. The foundation and structure chapters have the greatest impact with 30% of the total EF. With the energy improvements implemented, an average reduction of 60% in CO₂ emissions is achieved. From the results produced by the model, it is possible to clearly identify the elements on which to act to achieve a significant reduction in the EF of the project.
Evaluation of water footprint of urban renewal projects. Case study in Seville, Andalusia
(Elsevier, 2022) Ruiz-Pérez, María Rocío; Alba-Rodríguez, María Desirée; Marrero Meléndez, Madelyn; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas II (ETSIE); Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño
This publication presents a methodology for the evaluation of the water footprint of urban renewal projects. The indirect water footprint is obtained by adding together the embodied or virtual water of the materials incorporated in the 12-month project, while the direct footprint is mainly due to the green areas and rainwater collection system over its 40-year life span. The methodology, originally defined for the agricultural sector, is adapted to an urban system that includes gardens and sustainable urban drainage systems. In an innovative way, the present work analyses the amortisation of the indirect water footprint of the construction products by improvements in the city water cycle. The project involves street renewal with water-sensitive criteria, with five green areas, and road and pavement construction. The methodology identifies changes in garden designs, soil drainage, and rainwater-collecting systems in terms of blue, green, and grey water footprints. Five scenarios of a project in Seville, Spain are studied. The indirect water footprint of the project is 2.6 times higher than that in a standard project, but, due to annual savings of 65% in its direct water footprint, the breakeven point is reached in the 10th year.
Holistic assessment of the economic, environmental, and social impact of building construction. Application to housing construction in Andalusia
(Elsevier, 2024) Marrero Meléndez, Madelyn; Rivero Camacho, Cristina; Martínez Rocamora, Alejandro; Alba-Rodríguez, María Desirée; Lucas Ruiz, Valeriano; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas II (ETSIE); Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño
Buildings, although increasingly efficient, currently lack a comparative analysis from a holistic perspective. A large part of the effort to increase their efficiency focuses on their direct consumption of water and energy through the design of more efficient systems, but another large part of the consumption is caused indirectly by the production processes and the construction itself. The present model evaluates the three dimensions of sustainability (economic, environmental, and social) from the construction site perspective by proposing an integration of social and environmental indicators assessment to the cost control in projects. Construction cost control is normally defined by classification systems of work units with a coding system. This allows incorporating the evaluation of the other two dimensions of sustainability to make a socio-environmental assessment. The environmental assessment is covered with the footprint family indicators while, for the social assessment, an indicator consisting of an evaluation of project occupational risks is proposed. This methodology allows the holistic evaluation of all the work units in the project. The model is applied to the construction of social housing in Andalusia, validating its versatility and allowing to simulate different scenarios. The five most impacting units out of sixty evaluated in the construction of a social housing multifamily building represent around 70 % of the total impact in each category. Slight changes to four of those work units by others commonly used can reduce up to 20% the impacts in various categories.
The water footprint of city naturalisation. Evaluation of the water balance of city gardens
(Elsevier, 2020-05-15) Ruiz-Pérez, María Rocío; Alba-Rodríguez, María Desirée; Marrero Meléndez, Madelyn; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas II (ETSIE); Universidad de Sevilla. TEP172: Arquitectura: Diseño y Técnica
The new paradigm regarding the role of urban infrastructures related to the urban water cycle in cities is based on three strategies: improving water use efficiency, avoiding water contamination and restoring natural water streams. Achieving an improved water balance in cities is an ambitious objective that involves the naturalisation of cities and, in the specific case of consolidated areas, the multiplication of green spaces by developing green areas scattered by public roads. The water in and out the city gardens is modelled for the first time by including the water necessities of the plants. This work presents a methodology to assess new urbanistic projects by means of adapting the calculation of the water footprint developed by Hoekstra and Chapagain. The latter is most commonly applied to the agricultural sector, and it is adapted for the evaluation of a street project in Seville, Spain. The estimation of the water balance of an urban system in the presence of greenery, with a biophysical perspective and a spatiotemporal scale based on the incorporation of local data and water consumption in the urban sector, until now has been scarcely explored. The model developed helps to differentiate urbanisation projects, both to identify those alternatives that are best suited to each urban environment and to define specific objectives, and subsequently to predict the resilience of solutions using the local scenarios.
What are we discarding during the life cycle of a building? Case studies of social housing in Andalusia, Spain
(Elsevier, 2020) Marrero Meléndez, Madelyn; Rivero Camacho, Cristina; Alba-Rodríguez, María Desirée; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas II (ETSIE); Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño
The paper evaluates for the first time the embodied impact in CDW during the buildings life cycle by means of the bill of quantities of construction projects. The main objective is to be able to predict the future CDW to be generated by a project in the design stage, by means of the bill of quantities of the urbanization, construction, renovation, rehabilitation and demolition projects. The tools already in place for cost control can be used as an instrument for the introduction of sustainability considerations in construction projects. The methodology proposes a connection between the different stages of a building’s life cycle, more precisely its budget. The latter is linked to other future budgets for building renovations or retrofitting projects. The result shows that urbanization and demolition generate 90% of CDW, the former is caused by earthworks and the latter is due to the elimination of all building materials. The building is removed 1.3 times, in terms of material weight, energy and water. Finally, traditional models for economic control and waste management in construction projects can be the vector which introduce environmental assessment through the building life cycle.

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Examinando Artículos (Ingeniería del Diseño) por Autor "Alba-Rodríguez, María Desirée"