Capítulos (Construcciones Arquitectónicas I (ETSA))

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://hdl.handle.net/11441/11308

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An environmental construction and demolition waste management model to trigger post-pandemic economic recovery towards a circular economy the Mexican and Spanish cases
(Springer, 2022) Mercader-Moyano, Pilar; López López, Jesús; Camporeale, Patricia Edith; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas I (ETSA); Muthu, Subramanian Senthilkannan; Universidad de Sevilla; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP172: Arquitectura: Diseño y Técnica
The Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry consume 40% of raw material generating 35% of industrial waste worldwide. In the EU, it consumes 50% of raw material and generates 35% of industrial waste; while in the USA, 22% of 600 million tons of Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) were recycled into new products: 52% as aggregates but 24% ended in landfills, in 2020. A transition to a circular economy may trigger post-COVID-19 economic recovery. Thus, the EU promotes it through the EU Green Deal, Renovation Wave and Circular Economy Action Plan. This work applies the Spanish CDW “weighted transfer of measurement” current model to broaden its construction material database and to add environmental indicators. Latin America has the world's highest urbanization rate (84%) but lacks effective CDW management to thrive in Regenerative Sustainability, Climate Change mitigation and post-pandemic economic recovery. This research quantifies onsite 61 Mexican social housing CDW, comparing both countries’ results. Mexico consumes 1.24 ton m−2 of raw materials and produces 0.083 ton m−2 CDW with a 16% recycling rate, while Spain consumes 1.90 ton m−2 and produces 0.08 ton m−2 with a 75% recycling rate. Cement-based, ceramic and mixed CDW represent 83.44% for Mexico and 95.61% for Spain. The implementation of this methodology will deliver sustainable CDW management in Mexico, minimizing CDW production, by the replacement of current construction materials for eco-efficient ones and the promotion of related legislation. Moreover, this updated transformation coefficient database widens the Spanish model to an international scale.
Enhancing urban microclimates towards climate-resilient cities: the potential of courtyards
(Springer, 2022) Galán-Marín, Carmen; Rivera-Gómez, Carlos; Lizana Moral, Francisco Jesús; Roa Fernández, Jorge; Diz Mellado, Eduardo María; López Cabeza, Victoria Patricia; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas I (ETSA); Leal Filho,. Walter; Manolas, Evangelos; Gobierno de España; Universidad de Sevilla; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP206: Sath Sostenibilidad en Arquitectura, Tecnología y Patrimonio: Materialidad y Sistemas Constructivos
The increasingly urgent phenomenon of global warming has a critical epicentre in the topic of urban thermal comfort, which is significantly influenced by the urban heat island effect. In this built environment, creative thinking is required to shape pleasant, healthy, and sustainable microclimates, and not only urban planners and designers but also researchers and software developers are all involved in the search for feasible solutions, tools and opportunities. This chapter evaluates the potential use of one of the most dominant urban configurations in historic Mediterranean cities, the courtyard, as a promising thermal tempering solution to mitigate the impact of climate-related events. The methodology to evaluate the potential of the courtyard microclimate as a climate-responsive strategy follows a top-down approach. Firstly, the relevance of courtyards at city-scale is evaluated in two historic city centres in Spain, Seville and Cordoba. Secondly, six representative courtyards are characterised and monitored to evaluate their thermal benefits. Thirdly, alternatives to improve courtyard performance are discussed and tested in two scenarios. Finally, an urban CFD software to support efficient courtyard design is evaluated in case studies. The results show that this building configuration is highly representative of both historic urban contexts, with approximately 80% of existing plots having inner courtyards. Moreover, the monitored data demonstrates the potential thermal benefits of courtyard microclimates, which can reduce outdoor peak temperature from 6.8 up to 14.3 °C during the hottest days. The analyses show that courtyards with a height/width relation (aspect ratio) above 3 perform better, especially with additional shading devices to reduce solar gains. Finally, the study demonstrated the need to develop more procedures to accurately simulate the specific microclimate of these deep, small-scale spaces as a climate-resilient strategy for buildings and cities, to efficiently mitigate the impact of extreme heat wave events.

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Examinando Capítulos (Construcciones Arquitectónicas I (ETSA)) por Agencia financiadora "Universidad de Sevilla"