A note on parameter free Π1-induction and restricted exponentiation

Abstract

We characterize the sets of all Π2 and all $\mathcal {B}(\Sigma _{1})$equation image (= Boolean combinations of Σ1) theorems of IΠ−1 in terms of restricted exponentiation, and use these characterizations to prove that both sets are not deductively equivalent. We also discuss how these results generalize to n > 0. As an application, we prove that a conservation theorem of Beklemishev stating that IΠ−n + 1 is conservative over IΣ−n with respect to $\mathcal {B}(\Sigma _{n+1})$equation image sentences cannot be extended to Πn + 2 sentences.