Evaluación de la genotoxicidad de cyn en células l5178y mediante el ensayo de micronúcleos

Abstract

The cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is one of the most important emerging cyanotoxins in fresh water due to its ubiquity, frequency and severity of the impacts causes in animal and human health.The liver seems to be its main target organ, but other several such as kidneys, lungs,heart, bone marrow, thymus,adrenal glands, immune system, intestinal tract and nervous system can also be affected. Different toxicity mechanisms of CYN have been described, but the most important are the inhibition of protein and glutathione synthesis, oxidative stressand, although genotoxicity has not been elucidated yet, there are some evidences about it.The aim of this work was to study the genotoxic potential of CYN for the first time in the cell line L5178Y/Tk+/-through the micronucleus (MN) assay in absence and presence of the metabolic fraction S9 mix. Our results showed a significant increase in the frecuency of MN in binucleated cells in the presence of S9 (0,25 – 2 μg CYN/mL), while there were not significantdifferences in absence of the metabolic fraction (0,08 – 1,35μg CYN/mL) compared to their respective control groups. For this reason, CYN does not seem to have genotoxic activity per se in the cell line L5178Y Tk+/- althoughits metabolites seem to cause clastogenic and/or aneugenic effects. Further research is required to progress in the knowledge of the genotoxic and carcinogenic potential of this cyanotoxin in order to avoidthose risks resulting in animal and humans from its exposure.