Argumentación y amplificación en el discurso de Vico

Abstract

Este estudio propone una nueva aproximación a la Ciencia nueva, resaltando el carácter moderno de las entradas de información que propone Vico a partir de la “tabla cronológica”, por un lado, y de los “axiomas” o “dignidades”, por otro. La autora propone usar las sinergias que se generarían entre los dos ámbitos de información reiniciando el sistema mediante una nueva determinación de los “principios” propios del hombre (“modificaciones de nuestra misma mente humana”; y constructor y protagonista del “mundo civil”). Este planteamiento exige la aplicación de un método propio –separado de la metodología científica tradicional, y sobre todo de la cartesiana– que se concreta en una técnica de argumentación diferente e inspirada en la dialéctica humanista y en el uso de la tópica. La estrategia adoptada por Vico se corresponde con la argumentación amplificada.

This paper puts forward a new approximation to the New Science, highlightning the modern character of the information items proposed by Vico in his “timeline”, on the one hand, and the “axioms” or “dignities” on the other. The author’s proposal is to benefit from the synergies that would be produced by combining both sources of information, and by that means giving a new look at the system, offering a new determination of the “principles” of man, as “modifications of our own human mind”, constructor and protagonist of the “civil world”. Obviously, this approach requires a new method, i.e. a different one from scientific methodology and, above all, from the Carthesian one. It exemplifies then in a different argumentation technique, inspired by humanist dialectic and the employment of topica. The strategy adopted is useful in order to expose diverse argumentation strategies, according to complex paths, that are fit to each dialectic place. Two sorts of discourse are then constituted: one closed between premises and conclusions, rigidly determined in its development, and another one open in all direction and stages, corresponding to the amplified argumentation employed by Vico.