Article
Physical testing in patients with acute whiplash-associated disorders: A within session test-retest reliability study
Author/s | Anarte-Lazo, Ernesto
Rodríguez Blanco, Cleofás ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Falla, Deborah Bernal Utrera, Carlos ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Department | Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Fisioterapia |
Publication Date | 2023-02-28 |
Deposit Date | 2024-06-10 |
Published in |
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Abstract | Background
People with whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) commonly present with a variety of physical impairments. However, the reliability of physical tests has not been established for patients with acute WAD.
Objective
To ... Background People with whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) commonly present with a variety of physical impairments. However, the reliability of physical tests has not been established for patients with acute WAD. Objective To assess test-retest reliability of different physical tests in acute WAD. Design Intra-rater test-retest reliability. Methods Patients with acute WAD were recruited. Physical tests were used to evaluate articular, muscular and neural systems in two blocks of measurements separated by 10 min. Bland-Altman plots were performed to assess intrarater agreement, which included calculation of the mean difference (d) between rates, the 95% CI for d, the standard deviation of the differences and the 95% limits of agreement. Reliability was calculated via the standard error of measurement, the minimal detectable change, percent of agreement, the intraclass-correlation coefficient, and kappa coefficient. Results 47 patients participated. Test-retest reliability was excellent or good for almost all measures, except for extension ROM, ULTT for the radial nerve, and active cervical extension and upper cervical rotation performed in 4-point kneeling, which presented moderate reliability. Systematic bias was found in cervical ROM in flexion, left and right lateral-flexion, left and right rotation; left ULTT for radial nerve; right trapezius, suboccipitalis and temporalis muscles, left temporalis; C3, both sides of C1–C2, left C3–C4. Conclusion The majority of physical tests achieved good or excellent test-retest intra-rater reliability when tested in patients with acute WAD. Findings must be considered with caution for those tests which demonstrated systematic bias. Additional research is warranted to evaluate inter-rater reliability. |
Citation | Anarte-Lazo, E., Rodríguez Blanco, C., Falla, D. y Bernal Utrera, C. (2023). Physical testing in patients with acute whiplash-associated disorders: A within session test-retest reliability study. Musculoskeletal Science and Practice, 64, 102738. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msksp.2023.102738. |
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