Editorial: New approaches for central nervous system rehabilitation

Abstract

Neurorehabilitation is a rapidly growing field in motor rehabilitation, which is specifically aimed at restoring neural plasticity of the central nervous system (CNS). The concept of neuroplasticity refers to the ability of the brain to reorganize itself in response to learning or exposure to enriched environments, and it is maintained for the entire human life. Thus, applying specific treatments can be beneficial for people with CNS injuries. The time frame for maximizing the benefits of neuroplasticity is critical, with the plateau observed about 12 weeks after the onset of stroke (1). Thus, it is essential to capitalize on this high level of brain reorganization by providing well-timed and well designed treatments. A range of approaches has been developed for CNS recovery in acute, subacute, or chronic stages of injury. These approaches include priming or augmented techniques, such as end-effector robots, exoskeletons, or virtual reality, with many being confirmed as effective (2, 3). However, clinical practice still lacks specific indications for which therapy is most effective, for how long should be applied, and for which patient impairments. Therefore, this Research Topic aimed to explore new neurorehabilitative ideas and approaches, modifications of already existing techniques, and identification of research or clinical gaps, including predictive research for treatments and recovery.