Article
Radiation hazard assessment from NORM-added paint products in Malaysia
Author/s | Abu Hanifah, Noor Zati Hani
Hashim, Suhairul Hassan, Halmat Jalal Abdul Hadi, M. R. F. Sanusi, Mohamad Syazwan Mohd Bradley, David Andrew García-Tenorio García-Balmaseda, Rafael Tahar, Rozman Mohd |
Department | Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Aplicada II |
Publication Date | 2022 |
Deposit Date | 2022-07-22 |
Published in |
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Abstract | Introduction: Across the globe, radioactive consumer products are widely marketed for daily use.
Objectives: The present study investigated commercially available ion paint, and the evaluations were
using gamma (c)-ray ... Introduction: Across the globe, radioactive consumer products are widely marketed for daily use. Objectives: The present study investigated commercially available ion paint, and the evaluations were using gamma (c)-ray spectroscopy and Geant4 Monte Carlo (GMC) simulations. Methods: An assessment of a radiological risk arising from using such products in the painting of living areas is conducted when Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (TENORM) was observed, with a daily inhalation exposure dose being of particular concern. Organ doses were simulated using adult mathematical Medical Internal Radiation Dose 5 (MIRD5)-type phantoms, incorporating dose conversion factors (DCFs). Results: Results showed that a product sample code of IP04 contained the highest activity, i.e., 4449 ± 530, 31888 ± 2175, and 2963 ± 405 Bq kg 1 , for 238U, 232Th, and 40K, respectively. Contrarily, NP18 recorded the lowest, i.e., 16 ± 2 and 30 ± 5, Bq kg 1 of 238U and 232Th, respectively. The IP04 paint offered the most significant concentrations, with mean percentages of 0.026, 0.81, and 0.06 for 238U, 232Th, and 212Pb, respectively. Its use in a designated Room 1 had resulted in an annual effective dose of 1.53 mSv y 1 , assuming an exposure for a period of 8 h day 1 . Conclusion: In brief, using these ion paints could result in amounts that exceed the annual public dose limit of 1 mSv. |
Citation | Abu Hanifah, N.Z.H., Hashim, S., Hassan, H.J., Abdul Hadi, M.R.F., Sanusi, M.S.M., Bradley, D.A.,...,Tahar, R.M. (2022). Radiation hazard assessment from NORM-added paint products in Malaysia. Journal of King Saud University. Science, 34 (3), 1-8. |
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