Article
Immunomodulatory Effects of Pure Cylindrospermopsin in Rats Orally Exposed for 28 Days
Author/s | Díez-Quijada Jiménez, Leticia
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Casas Rodríguez, Antonio ![]() ![]() ![]() Guzmán Guillén, Remedios ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Molina Hernández, Verónica González Albaladejo, Rafael ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Cameán Fernández, Ana María ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Jos Gallego, Ángeles Mencía ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Department | Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología |
Date | 2022 |
Published in |
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Abstract | Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is a ubiquitous cyanotoxin showing increasing incidence worldwide. CYN has been classified as a cytotoxin and, among its toxic effects, its immunotoxicity is scarcely studied. This work investigates ... Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is a ubiquitous cyanotoxin showing increasing incidence worldwide. CYN has been classified as a cytotoxin and, among its toxic effects, its immunotoxicity is scarcely studied. This work investigates for the first time the influence of oral CYN exposure (18.75; 37.5 and 75 µg/kg b.w./day, for 28 days) on the mRNA expression of selected interleukin (IL) genes (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α), Interferon gamma (IFN-γ)) in the thymus and the spleen of male and female rats, by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Moreover, their serum levels were also measured by a multiplex-bead-based immunoassay, and a histopathological study was performed. CYN produced immunomodulation mainly in the thymus of rats exposed to 75 µg CYN/kg b.w./day in both sexes. However, in the spleen only IL-1β and IL-2 (males), and TNF-α and IFN-γ (females) expression was modified after CYN exposure. Only female rats exposed to 18.75 µg CYN/kg b.w./day showed a significant decrease in TNF-α serum levels. There were no significant differences in the weight or histopathology in the organs studied. Further research is needed to obtain a deeper view of the molecular mechanisms involved in CYN immunotoxicity and its consequences on long-term exposures. |
Project ID. | PID2019-104890RB-I00
![]() 10.13039/ 501100011033 ![]() |
Citation | Díez-Quijada Jiménez, L., Casas Rodríguez, A., Guzmán Guillén, R., Molina Hernández, V., González Albaladejo, R., Cameán Fernández, A.M. y Jos Gallego, Á.M. (2022). Immunomodulatory Effects of Pure Cylindrospermopsin in Rats Orally Exposed for 28 Days. Toxins, 14 (2), 144. |
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