Artículos (Microbiología y Parasitología)

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Microbial solutions must be deployed against climate catastrophe
(Springer Nature, 2024-11-11) Peixoto, Raquel; Voolstra, Christian R.; Stein, Lisa Y.; Hugenholtz, Philip; Salles, Joana Falcao; Amin, Shady A.; Häggblom, Max; Gregory, Ann; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Gilbert, Jack A.; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología
Marinobacter Persicus sp. nov., a Moderately Halophilic Bacterium from a Saline Lake in Iran
(Springer Nature, 2013) Bagheri, Maryam; Amoozegar, Mohammad Ali; Didari, Maryam; Makhdoumi-Kakhki, Ali; Schumann, Peter; Spröer, Cathrin; Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; International Foundation for Science (IFS); Iranian Biological Resource Centre (IBRC); Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO). España; National Science Foundation (NSF). United States; Junta de Andalucía
A Gram-negative, non-endospore-forming, rod shaped, strictly aerobic, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain M9BT, was isolated from the hypersaline lake Aran-Bidgol in Iran. Cells of strain M9BT were found to be motile and produce colonies with an orange-yellow pigment. Growth was determined to occur between 5 and 20 % (w/v) NaCl and the isolate grew optimally at 7.5-10 % (v/w) NaCl. The optimum pH and temperature for growth of the strain were determined to be pH 7.0 and 35 C, respectively, while it was able to grow over pH and temperature ranges of 6-8 and 25-45 C, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on the comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain M9BT is a member of the genus Marinobacter. The closest relative to this strain was found to be Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus MBIC 1303T with a similarity level of 97.7 %. DNA-DNA hybridization between the novel isolate and this phylogenetically related species was 13 ± 2 %. The major cellular fatty acids of the isolate were identified as C16:0, C19:1 ω6c, C 18:1 ω9c and C16:1 ω9c. The polar lipid pattern of strain M9BT was determined to consist of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine and three phospholipids. Ubiquinone 9 (Q-9) was the only lipoquinone detected. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of this strain was determined to be 58.6 mol%. Phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic analysis and DNA-DNA relatedness data suggest that this strain represents a novel species of the genus Marinobacter, for which the name Marinobacter persicus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Marinobacter persicus is strain M9BT (=IBRC-M 10445T = CCM 7970T = CECT 7991T = KCTC 23561T).
Thalassobacillus Pellis sp. nov., a Moderately Halophilic, Gram-positive Bacterium Isolated from Salted Hides
(Microbiology Society, 2011) Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Yilmaz, Pinar; Ruiz de la Haba, Rafael; Birbi, Meral; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (MEC). España; National Science Foundation (NSF). United States; Junta de Andalucía
A Gram-positive, moderately halophilic and endospore-forming bacterium, designated strain 18OMT, was isolated from salted animal hides. The cells were rods and produced ellipsoidal endospores at a terminal position. Strain 18OMT was motile, strictly aerobic and grew at 0.5-25% (w/v) NaCl [optimal growth at 10% (w/v) NaCl], at between pH 5.0 and 9.0 (optimal growth at pH 7.5) and at temperatures between 15 and 45 °C (optimal growth at 37 °C). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons showed that strain 18OMT was closely related to species of the genus Thalassobacillus within the phylum Firmicutes. The closest phylogenetic similarity was with Thalassobacillus devorans G-19.1T (98.4%), Thalassobacillus cyri HS286T (97.9%) and Thalassobacillus hwangdonensis AD-1T (97.4%). The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15: 0 (57.9%), anteiso-C17: 0 (14.0%), iso- C15: 0 (10.8%) and iso-C16: 0 (8.1%). The respiratory isoprenoid quinones were MK-7 (98.5%) and MK-6 (1.5%). The DNA G+C content was 42.9 mol%. These features confirmed the placement of strain 18OMT within the genus Thalassobacillus. The DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain 18OMT and T. devorans G-19.1T, T. cyri HS286T and T. hwangdonensis AD-1T were 49%, 9% and 15%, respectively, showing unequivocally that strain 18OMT constituted a novel genospecies. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis and phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain 18OMT is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Thalassobacillus, for which the name Thalassobacillus pellis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 18OMT (=CECT 7566T =DSM 22784T =JCM 16412T).
Lentibacillus Persicus sp. nov., a Moderately Halophilic Species Isolated from a Saline Lake
(Microbiology Society, 2010) Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Amoozegar, M. A.; Fernandez, A. B.; Babavalian Fard, H.; Ramezani, M.; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Iranian Environment Department; Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (MEC). España; Junta de Andalucía
A Gram-staining-positive, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain Amb31T, was isolated from water of the hypersaline lake Aran-Bidgol in Iran and characterized taxonomically using a polyphasic approach. Cells were rods, motile and able to produce ellipsoidal endospores at a central position in swollen sporangia. Strain Amb31T was facultatively anaerobic and catalase- and oxidase-positive. The strain grew in a complex medium supplemented with 3-25% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 7.5-10 %). Optimal growth was at 30-35 °C and pH 7.5. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons showed that strain Amb31T belonged to the genus Lentibacillus; it exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 96.8 and 96.4% to Lentibacillus salicampi SF-20T and Lentibacillus salinarum AHS-1T, respectively, and values of 95.9-94.7% to the type strains of other recognized species of Lentibacillus. The cellwall peptidoglycan of strain Amb31T was based on meso-diaminopimelic acid and MK-7 was the respiratory isoprenoid quinone. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C 15 : 0 (44.7 %), iso-C16 : 0 (21.4 %) and anteiso-C 17 : 0 (15.9 %) and the polar lipid pattern consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, five phospholipids and a glycolipid. The DNA G+C content was 44.1 mol%. All these features confirmed the placement of strain Amb31T within the genus Lentibacillus and the strain could be clearly differentiated from strains of the other species of Lentibacillus on the basis of several phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic features. DNA-DNA relatedness with the type strain of the most closely related strain, L. salicampi DSM 16425T, was 28 %. Therefore, strain Amb31T represents a novel species of the genus Lentibacillus, for which the name Lentibacillus persicus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Amb31T (=CCM 7683T 5CECT 7524T =DSM 22530T =LMG 25304T)
Halomonas Titanicae sp. nov., a Halophilic Bacterium Isolated from the RMS Titanic
(Microbiology Society, 2010) Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Kaur, Bhavleen; Mann, Henrietta; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Ministerio de Educación y Cultura (MEC). España; Junta de Andalucía
A Gram-negative, heterotrophic, aerobic, non-endospore-forming, peritrichously flagellated and motile bacterial strain, designated BH1 T, was isolated from samples of rusticles, which are formed in part by a consortium of micro-organisms, collected from the RMS Titanic wreck site. The strain grew optimally at 30-37 °C, pH 7.0-7.5 and in the presence of 2-8% (w/v) NaCl. We carried out a polyphasic taxonomic study in order to characterize the strain in detail. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison indicated that strain BH1T clustered within the branch consisting of species of Halomonas. The most closely related type strains were Halomonas neptunia (98.6% 16S rRNA sequence similarity), Halomonas variabilis (98.4 %), Halomonas boliviensis (98.3 %) and Halomonas sulfidaeris (97.5 %). Other closely related species were Halomonas alkaliphila (96.5% sequence similarity), Halomonas hydrothermalis (96.3 %), Halomonas gomseomensis (96.3 %), Halomonas venusta (96.3 %) and Halomonas meridiana (96.2 %). The major fatty acids of strain BH1T were C18 : 1ω7c (36.3 %), C16 : 0 (18.4 %) and C19 : 0 cyclo v8c (17.9 %). The DNA G+C content was 60.0 mol% (Tm). Ubiquinone 9 (Q-9) was the major lipoquinone. The phenotypic features, fatty acid profile and DNA G+C content further supported the placement of strain BH1T in the genus Halomonas. DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain BH1T and H. neptunia CECT 5815T, H. variabilis DSM 3051T, H. boliviensis DSM 15516T and H. sulfidaeris CECT 5817T were 19, 17, 30 and 29 %, respectively, supporting the differential taxonomic status of BH1T. On the basis of the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, strain BH1T is considered to represent a novel species, for which the name Halomonas titanicae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BH1T (=ATCC BAA-1257T =CECT 7585T =JCM 16411T =LMG 25388T).
Biogeography of the Ubiquitous Marine Bacterium Alteromonas Macleodii Determined by Multilocus Sequence Analysis
(John Wiley & Sons, 2008) Ivars Martínez, Elena; D'Auria, Giuseppe; Rodríguez Valera, Francisco; Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Joint, Ian; Mühling, Martin; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Gobierno de España; European Union (UE); Natural Environment Research Council (UK)
Twenty-three isolates of the widely distributed marine bacteria Alteromonas macleodii have been analysed by multilocus sequence analysis combined with phylogenetic and multivariate statistical analyses. The strains originated from the Pacific Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, English Channel, Black Sea and Thailand. Using the nucleotide sequences of nine loci for each of the 23 isolates, a robust identification was achieved of different clades within the single species. Strains generally clustered with the depth in the water column from which the isolate originated. Strains also showed more recombination with isolates from the same vicinity, suggesting that genetic exchange plays a role in diversification of planktonic marine prokaryotes. This study thus shows for the first time for a large set of isolates of a species of planktonic marine prokaryotes that multilocus sequence analysis overcomes the problems associated with the analysis of individual marker genes or presence of extensive recombination events. It can thus achieve intraspecific identification to the level of genotypes and, by comparison with relevant environmental data, ecotypes.
New records of bacteria in different species of fleas from France and Spain
(Elsevier, 2021-06) Zurita Carrasco, Antonio; Benkacimi, Linda; El Karkouri, Khalid; Cutillas Barrios, Cristina; Parola, Philippe; Laroche, Maureen; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)
In this study, we assessed the presence of vector-borne microorganisms in different species of fleas collected from different hosts in diverse areas of South-Western Europe by molecular methods. A total of 319 fleas belonging to eight different species was tested for the presence of eight microorganisms. Wolbachia spp. endosymbionts were detected in Ctenocephalides felis, Pulex irritans, Archaeopsylla erinacei and Ctenophthalmus baeticus boisseauorum specimens. Rickettsia felis, an emerging pathogen, was detected in C. felis, A. erinacei and Ct. b. boisseauorum. Rickettsia typhi, the agent of murine typhus was detected for the first time in A. erinacei and Mycobacterium spp. were detected for the first time in fleas (C. felis, P. irritans and A. erinacei). Lastly, five different species of Bartonella were detected in fleas’ DNA in this study, including a possible new bacterium belonging to this genus. With this study, we updated the knowledge of the flea-borne bacteria present in the South-West of Europe reinforcing the idea about the necessity to expand and increase the current knowledge on flea-borne pathogens.
Bacillus Persepolensis sp. nov., a Moderately Halophilic Bacterium from a Hypersaline Lake
(Microbiology Society, 2009) Amoozegar, M. A.; Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Rohban, R.; Hajighasemi, M.; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Iranian Environment Department; Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (España); Junta de Andalucía
A Gram-positive, moderately halophilic, endospore-forming bacterium, designated strain HS136T, was isolated from the hypersaline lake Howz-Soltan in Iran. Cells were motile rods, producing ellipsoidal endospores at a central-subterminal position in non-swollen sporangia. Strain HS136T, a strictly aerobic bacterium, grew between pH 7.0 and 10.0 (optimal growth at pH 8.0-8.5), between 25 and 45 °C (optimal growth at 40 °C) and at salinities of 5-20%(w/v) NaCl, growing optimally at 10% (w/v) NaCl. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain HS136T was shown to belong to the genus Bacillus within the phylum Firmicutes and showed closest phylogenetic similarity to Bacillus salarius BH169T (95.2%) and Bacillus qingdaonensis CM1T (94.5%). The DNA G+C content of this new isolate was 37.1 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids of strain HS136T were iso-C15: 0, anteiso-C15: 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0, and its polar lipid pattern consisted of phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol. The isoprenoid quinone was MK-7. The peptidoglycan type is A1γ, with meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid. On the basis of polyphasic evidence from this study, Bacillus persepolensis sp. nov. is proposed, with strain HS136T (=CCM 7595T=DSM 21632T=JCM 15720T=LMG 25222T) as the type strain.
Halomonas Avicenniae sp. nov., Isolated from the Salty Leaves of the Black Mangrove Avicennia Germinans in Puerto Rico
(Microbiology Society, 2007) Soto Ramírez, Nelís; Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Rosas, Soniris; González, Wildaomaris; Quiñones, Marian; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Montalvo Rodríguez, Rafael; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; European Union (UE); Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (España)
A Gram-negative, short rod to oval-shaped bacterium (strain MW2aT) was isolated from the surface of leaves of the black mangrove Avicennia germinans and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain MW2aT was moderately halophilic, growing at NaCl concentrations in the range 0-25% (w/v) with optimum growth at 5% (w/v) NaCl. Growth occurred at 12-40°C (optimum, 30-35°C) and at pH 5.0-9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0-8.0). Strain MW2aT was strictly aerobic. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene showed that the strain belongs to the genus Halomonas. The closest relative was Halomonas marisflavi, with 98.6% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. The DNA G + C content of strain MW2aT was 61.5 mol%, which is in the range of values for Halomonas species. DNA-DNA hybridization with H. marisflavi showed a relatedness of 42% and lower values were obtained with respect to other related Halomonas species. The major fatty acids were C16:0, C19:0 cyclo ω8c, C18:1 ω7c and C12:0 3-OH. Overall, the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic results presented in this study demonstrate that strain Nw2aT represents a novel species within the genus Halomonas. The name Halomonas avicenniae sp. nov. is proposed, with strain MW2aT (= CECT 7193T =CCM 7396T) as the type strain.
Chromohalobacter japonicus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a Japanese salty food
(Microbiology Society, 2007-10-01) Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Tokunaga, Hiroko; Tokunaga, Masao; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; European Commission (EC); Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (MEC). España
A Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, motile bacterium, designated strain 43T, was isolated from a Japanese salty food and then subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain 43T is moderately halophilic, growing at NaCl concentrations in the range 5-25 % (w/v), with optimum growth between 7.5 and 12.5% (w/ v) NaCl. Growth occurs at temperatures from 15 to 42 *C (optimally at 28-37 °QC) and at pH 5.5-9.0 (optimally at pH 7.0-8.0). A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain 43T belongs to the genus Chromohalobacter. The closest relatives were Chromohalobacter canadensis ATCC 43984T (99.3 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Chromohalobacter beijerinckii ATCC 19372T (99.1 %), Chromohalobacter sarecensis LV4T (98.3 %), Chromohatobacter nigrandesensis LTS-4NT (97.9 %) and Chromohalobacter marismortui ATCC 17056T (97.9%). The DNA G+C content was 62.9 mol%, which is within the range described for the genus Chromohalobacter. DNA-DNA hybridization studies between strain 43T and C. canadensis CECT 5385T and C. beijerinckii DSM 7218T showed 38 and 49% relatedness, respectively; lower DNA-DNA hybridization percentages were obtained with respect to other related Chromohalobacter species. The major fatty acids of strain 43T were C16:0, C19:0 cyclo ω8C and C12:0 3-OH. Overall, the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic results demonstrated that strain 43T represents a novel species within the genus Chromohalobacter. The name Chromohalobacter japonicus sp. nov. is proposed, with strain 43T (=CECT 7219T =CCM 7416T) as the type strain.
Engineering the halophilic bacterium Halomonas elongata to produce β-carotene
(Springer Nature, 2007-09-27) Rodríguez-Sáiz, Marta; Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; De La Fuente, Juan Luis; Mellado Durán, María Encarnación; Barredo, José Luis; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología
Engineering halophilic bacteria to produce carotenoids is a subject of great scientific and commercial interest, as carotenoids are desirable products used as additives and colorants in the food industry, with β-carotene the most prominent. With this target, we expressed the β-carotene biosynthetic genes crtE, crtY, crtI, and crtB from Pantoea agglomerans and the cDNA encoding isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase from Haematococcus pluvialis in the halophilic bacterium Halomonas elongata obtaining a strain able to produce practically pure β-carotene. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed crtY, crtI, and crtB heterologous expression in a selected exconjugant of H. elongata. Biosynthesis of β-carotene was dependent on NaCl concentration in the culture medium, with the highest production (560 μg per g of dry weight) in 2% NaCl. On the contrary, no β-carotene was detected in 15% NaCl. Successful construction of the β-carotene biosynthetic pathway in H. elongata opens the possibility of engineering halophilic bacteria for carotenoid production.
Algoriphagus hitonicola sp. nov., isolated from an athalassohaline lagoon
(Microbiology Society, 2008-02-01) Copa-Patiño, José Luis; Arenas, María Isabel; Soliveri, Juan; Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Ibercaja
A Gram-negative, heterotrophic, aerobic, reddish-orange-pigmented, non-spore-forming, non-motile bacterial strain, designated 7-UAHT, was isolated from salty water from the athalassohaline lagoon at El Hito, located in central Spain. The strain grew optimally at 37 °C and pH 7.0 and in the presence of 2.5 % NaCl. A polyphasic taxonomic study was carried out in order to characterize the strain in detail. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons indicated that strain 7-UAHT clustered within the branch constituted by species of the genus Hongiella, which were recently transferred to the genus Algoriphagus. Analysis of the polar lipid profile and DNA G+C content also supported placement of strain 7-UAHT within the genus Algoriphagus. On the basis of its phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic distinctiveness, strain 7-UAHT represents a novel species of the genus Algoriphagus, for which the name Algoriphagus hitonicola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 7-UAHT (=CECT 7267T =CCM 7449T).
Halomonas ilicicola sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a saltern
(Microbiology Society, 2009-03-01) Arenas, María Isabel; Bañón, Patricia I.; Copa-Patiño, José Luis; Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Soliveri, Juan; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICINN). España; Junta de Andalucía
A Gram-negative, heterotrophic, aerobic, pale orange-pigmented, non-endospore-forming and motile bacterial strain, designated strain SP8T, was isolated from a salty water sample from the solar salterns of Santa Pola, located on the Mediterranean coast of Spain. The strain grew optimally at 37 °C, pH 6.5 and in the presence of 10% NaCl. A polyphasic taxonomic study was conducted in order to characterize the strain in detail. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons indicated that strain Sp8T clustered within the branch constituted by species of the genus Halomonas. The closest phylogenetic neighbours of strain Sp8T were Halomonas muralis LMG 20969T (96.0 % sequence similarity), Halomonas pantelleriensis AAPT (95.9 %) and Halomonas campaniensis 5AGT (95.8 %). Phenotypic features, the fatty acid profile and the DNA G + C content of the novel strain further supported its placement in the genus Halomonas. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic distinctiveness, it is suggested that strain Sp8T represents a novel species for which the name Halomonas ilicicola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Sp8T (=CECT 7331T= CCM 7522T =DSM 19980T).
Aerococcus suis sp. nov., isolated from clinical specimens from swine
(Microbiology Society, 2007-06-01) Vela, Ana Isabel; García, Nerea; Latre, María Victoria; Casamayor, Almudena; Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Fernández-Garayzábal, José Francisco; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología
Biochemical and molecular genetic studies were performed for five isolates of unknown Gram-positive, catalase-negative, cocci-shaped micro-organisms obtained from clinical samples from pigs. The micro-organisms were tentatively identified as Aerococcus species on the basis of the results from cellular morphological and biochemical tests. 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies confirmed the provisional identification of the isolates as members of the genus Aerococcus, but the micro-organism did not correspond to any recognized species of this genus. The nearest phylogenetic relatives of these unknown cocci isolated from pigs were Aerococcus viridans (95.9% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and Aerococcus urinaeequi (95.8%). The unknown bacterium, however, was distinguishable from these two species and from other animal aerococci by using biochemical tests. On the basis of both phenotypic and phylogenetic findings, the isolates represent a novel species of the genus Aerococcus, for which the name Aerococcus suis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 1821/02T (=CECT 7139T = CCUG 52530T).
Microbial diversity of hypersaline environments: a metagenomic approach
(Elsevier, 2015-06) Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Ruiz de la Haba, Rafael; Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Papke, R. Thane; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO). España; Junta de Andalucía; National Science Foundation (NSF). United States
Recent studies based on metagenomics and other molecular techniques have permitted a detailed knowledge of the microbial diversity and metabolic activities of microorganisms in hypersaline environments. The current accepted model of community structure in hypersaline environments is that the square archaeon Haloquadratum waslbyi, the bacteroidete Salinibacter ruber and nanohaloarchaea are predominant members at higher salt concentrations, while more diverse archaeal and bacterial taxa are observed in habitats with intermediate salinities. Additionally, metagenomic studies may provide insight into the isolation and characterization of the principal microbes in these habitats, such as the recently described gammaproteobacterium Spiribacter salinus.
Oceanobacillus longus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a salt lake
(Microbiology Society, 2016-10-01) Amoozegar, Mohammad Ali; Bagheri, Maryam; Makhdoumi, Ali; Mehrshad, Maliheh; Didari, Maryam; Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Iranian Biological Resources Center (IBRC); Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO). España; National Science Foundation (NSF). United States; Junta de Andalucía
A Gram-stain-positive, endospore-forming, long rod-shaped, strictly aerobic, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain T9BT, was isolated from a brine sample of the hypersaline lake Aran-Bidgol in Iran. Cells of strain T9BT were motile and produced colonies with a brown pigment. Growth occurred between 1.0 and 20% (w/v) NaCl and the isolate grew optimally at 5.0% (v/w) NaCl. The optimum pH and temperature for growth of the strain were pH 7.0 and 35 ºC, while it was able to grow over pH and temperature ranges of pH 6.0–9.0 and 25–45 ºC. Phylogenetic analysis based on the comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain T9BT is a member of the genus Oceanobacillus. The closest relative to this strain was Oceanobacillus rekensis PT-11T with a similarity of 97.4 %, followed by Oceanobacillus profundus CL-MP28T and Oceanobacillus polygoni SA9T with 97.3 and 97.1% similarity, respectively. The major cellular fatty acids of the isolate were anteiso-C15: 0, iso-C14: 0 and iso-C16: 0. The polar lipids of strain T9BT consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, three phospholipids and one aminoglycolipid. It contained MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone and meso-diaminopimelic acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of this strain was 42.9 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis, DNA– DNA hybridization data and phenotypic characteristics allowed strain T9BT to be differentiated from other members of the genus Oceanobacillus. A novel species, Oceanobacillus longus sp. nov., is therefore proposed to accommodate this strain. The type strain is T9BT(=IBRC-M 10703T=LMG 29250T).
A New Biostimulant Derived from Soybean by-products Enhances Plant Tolerance to Abiotic Stress Triggered by Ozone
(Springer Nature, 2024) Orts, A.; Navarro Torre, Salvadora; Macías Benitez, S.; Orts Gómez, José María; Naranjo Fernández, Emilia; Castaño Navarro, Angélica; Parrado Rubio, Juan; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España
Background: Tropospheric ozone is an air pollutant that causes negative effects on vegetation, leading to significant losses in crop productivity. It is generated by chemical reactions in the presence of sunlight between primary pollutants resulting from human activity, such as nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds. Due to the constantly increasing emission of ozone precursors, together with the influence of a warming climate on ozone levels, crop losses may be aggravated in the future. Therefore, the search for solutions to mitigate these losses becomes a priority. Ozone-induced abiotic stress is mainly due to reactive oxygen species generated by the spontaneous decomposition of ozone once it reaches the apoplast. In this regard, compounds with antioxidant activity offer a viable option to alleviate ozone-induced damage. Using enzymatic technology, we have developed a process that enables the production of an extract with biostimulant properties from okara, an industrial soybean byproduct. The biostimulant, named as OEE (Okara Enzymatic Extract), is water-soluble and is enriched in bioactive compounds present in okara, such as isoflavones. Additionally, it contains a significant fraction of protein hydrolysates contributing to its functional effect. Given its antioxidant capacity, we aimed to investigate whether OEE could alleviate ozone-induced damage in plants. For that, pepper plants (Capsicum annuum) exposed to ozone were treated with a foliar application of OEE. Results: OEE mitigated ozone-induced damage, as evidenced by the net photosynthetic rate, electron transport rate, effective quantum yield of PSII, and delayed fluorescence. This protection was confirmed by the level of expression of genes associated with photosystem II. The beneficial effect was primarily due to its antioxidant activity, as evidenced by the lipid peroxidation rate measured through malondialdehyde content. Additionally, OEE triggered a mild oxidative response, indicated by increased activities of antioxidant enzymes in leaves (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and guaiacol peroxidase) and the oxidative stress index, providing further protection against ozone-induced stress. Conclusions: The present results support that OEE protects plants from ozone exposure. Taking into consideration that the promotion of plant resistance against abiotic damage is an important goal of biostimulants, we assume that its use as a new biostimulant could be considered.
Moraxella porci sp. nov., isolated from pigs
(Microbiology Society, 2010-10-01) Vela, A. I.; Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Aragón, V.; Olvera, A.; Domínguez, L.; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Fernández-Garayzábal, J. F.; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología
Nine Gram-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, coccus-shaped bacteria were isolated from pigs affected by different pathological processes. Phenotypic and genotypic methods were adopted to determine the relationships of these new isolates to recognized species of the genus Moraxella. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated that the clinical isolates represented a new lineage within the genus Moraxella. The isolates were closely related to Moraxella cuniculi and Moraxella pluranimalium with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 98.1% and 99.1 %, respectively. The isolates displayed DNA-DNA relative binding ratios of 74% to each other, but distinctly lower levels of DNA-DNA hybridization were observed with phylogenetically closely related moraxellae (<32 %). The new isolates could be distinguished from all other recognized species of the genus Moraxella by physiological and biochemical tests. On the basis of the phenotypic and molecular data, the nine new isolates from pigs represent a novel species within the genus Moraxella, for which the name Moraxella porci sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SN9-4MT (=CECT 7294T=CCUG 54912T).
Moraxella pluranimalium sp. nov., isolated from animal specimens
(Microbiology Society, 2009-04-01) Vela, A. I.; Arroyo, E.; Aragón, V.; Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Latre, M. V.; Cerdà-Cuéllar, M.; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Domínguez, L.; Fernández-Garayzábal, J. F.; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología
Four unusual Gram-negative, catalase-positive, oxidase-positive, coccus-shaped bacteria isolated from one sheep and three pigs were characterized using phenotypic and molecular genetic methods. On the basis of cellular morphology and biochemical criteria, the isolates were tentatively assigned to the genus Moraxella, although the organisms did not appear to correspond to any recognized species. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies demonstrated that the isolates represent a novel subline within the genus Moraxella. The most closely related species in phylogenetic terms was Moraxella cuniculi, with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 97.9% to the type strain CCUG 2154T, although the DNA-DNA relatedness value was only 29 %. The novel isolates were readily distinguished from all recognized Moraxella species by means of physiological and biochemical tests. On the basis of molecular genetic and phenotypic evidence, therefore, the four isolates represent a novel species of the genus Moraxella, for which the name Moraxella pluranimalium sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 248-01T (=CECT 7295T =CCUG 54913T).
Bacillus salsus sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium from a hypersaline lake
(Microbiology Society, 2013-09-01) Amoozegar, Mohammad Ali; Didari, Maryam; Bagheri, Maryam; Fazeli, Seyed Abolhassan Shahzadeh; Schumann, Peter; Spröer, Cathrin; Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Iranian Biological Resource Centre (IBRC); International Foundation for Science (IFS); Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO). España; National Science Foundation (NSF). United States; Junta de Andalucía
A Gram-staining-positive, endospore-forming, rod-shaped, strictly aerobic, slightly halophilic bacterium, designated strain A24T, was isolated from the hypersaline lake Aran-Bidgol in Iran. Cells of strain A24T were motile rods and produced oval endospores at a terminal position in swollen sporangia. Strain A24T was catalase and oxidase positive. Growth occurred with between 0.5 and 7.5% (w/v) NaCl and the isolate grew optimally at 3% (v/w) NaCl. The optimum temperature and pH for growth were 35 °C and pH 8.0, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain A24T belonged to the genus Bacillus within the phylum Firmicutes and showed the closest phylogenetic similarity with the species Bacillus alkalitelluris BA288T (97.2 %), Bacillus herbersteinensis D-1,5aT (96.0 %) and Bacillus litoralis SW-211T (95.6 %). The G+C content of the genomic DNA of this strain was 35.9 mol%. The polar lipid pattern of strain A24T consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and two unknown phospholipids. The major cellular fatty acids of strain A24T were anteiso-C15: 0and iso-C15: 0. The respiratory quinones were MK-7 (94 %) and MK-6 (4 %). The peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid. All these features confirm the placement of isolate A24T within the genus Bacillus. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments revealed a relatedness of 8% between strain A24T and Bacillus alkalitelluris IBRC-M 10596T, supporting its placement as a novel species. Phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic analysis and DNA-DNA relatedness data suggest that this strain represents a novel species of the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus salsus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain A24T (=IBRC-M 10078 T=KCTC 13816T).

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