Artículos (Microbiología y Parasitología)

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Synergistic Antifungal Activity against Candida Albicans between Voriconazole and Cyclosporine a Loaded in Polymeric Nanoparticles
(Elsevier, 2024) Martín, Victoria I.; Ruiz de la Haba, Rafael; López-Cornejo, María del Pilar; López López, M.; Lebrón Romero, José Antonio; Bernal Pérez, Eva; Baeza, N.; Ruiz, S.; Ostos Marcos, Francisco José; Merino Bohórquez, Vicente; Moyá Morán, María Luisa; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Química Física; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Universidad de Sevilla; Junta de Andalucía
The goal of this work is to investigate if the synergistic antifungal activity between cyclosporine A, CsA, and voriconazole, VRZ, increases when both drugs are encapsulated in a nanocarrier as compared when they are free. The preparation and characterization of blank and VRZ and CsA loaded polymeric based PLGA nanoparticles (PLGA, PLGA-PEG, and PLGA+PEG) was a necessary previous step. Using the more suitable NPs, those of PLGA, the antifungal susceptibility tests performed with VRZ-loaded PLGA NPs, show no significant increase of the antifungal activity in comparison to that of free VRZ. However, the synergistic behavior found for the (VRZ+CsA)-loaded PLGA NPs was fourfold stronger than that observed for the two free drugs together. On the other hand, the investigation into the suppression of C. albicans biofilm formation showed that blank PLGA NPs inhibit the biofilm formation at high NPs concentrations. However, a minor effect or even a slight biofilm increase formation was observed at low and moderate NPs concentrations. Therefore, the enhancement of the biofilm inhibition found for the three tested treatments (CsA alone, VRZ alone, and VRZ+CsA) when comparing free and encapsulated drugs, within the therapeutic window, can be attributed to the drug encapsulation approach. Indeed, polymeric PLGA NPs loaded with CsA, VRZ, or VRZ+CsA are more effective at inhibiting the C. albicans biofilm growth than their free counterparts.
New bacterial strains for ibuprofen biodegradation: Drug removal, transformation, and potential catabolic genes
(Wiley, 2024-06-13) Lara Moreno, Alba; Costa, María Clara; Vargas-Villagómez, Ayleen; Carlier, Jorge Días; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; FCT Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia,Portugal
Ibuprofen (IBU) is a significant contaminant frequently found in wastewatertreatment plants due to its widespread use and limited removal during treat-ment processes. This leads to its discharge into the environment, causingconsiderable environmental concerns. The use of microorganisms hasrecently been recognized as a sustainable method for mitigating IBU con-tamination in wastewater. In this study, new bacteria capable of growing ina solid medium with IBU as the only carbon source and removing IBU froma liquid medium were isolated from environmental samples, including soil,marine, mine, and olive mill wastewater. Four bacterial strains, namely Kleb-siella pneumoniae TIBU2.1, Klebsiella variicola LOIBU1.1, Pseudomonasaeruginosa LOIBU1.2, and Mycolicibacterium aubagnense HPB1.1, wereidentified through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. These strains demonstratedsignificant IBU removal efficiencies, ranging from 60 to 100% within14 days, starting from an initial IBU concentration of 5 mg per litre. Thesebacteria have not been previously reported in the literature as IBUdegraders, making this work a valuable contribution to further studies in thefield of bioremediation in environments contaminated by IBU. Based on theIBU removal results, the most promising bacteria, K. pneumoniae TIBU2.1and M. aubagnense HPB1.1, were selected for an in silico analysis to iden-tify genes potentially involved in IBU biodegradation. Interestingly, in thetests with TIBU2.1, a peak of IBU transformation product(s) was detectedby high-performance liquid chromatography, while in the tests with HPB1.1,it was not detected. The emerging peak was analysed by liquidchromatography–mass spectrometry, indicating the presence of possibleconjugates between intermediates of IBU biodegradation. The proteinsencoded on their whole-genome sequences were aligned with proteinsinvolved in an IBU-degrading pathway reported in bacteria with respectivecatabolic genes. The analysis indicated that strain HPB1.1 possessesgenes encoding proteins similar to most enzymes reported associated withthe IBU metabolic pathways used as reference bacteria, while strainTIBU2.1 has genes encoding proteins similar to enzymes involved in boththe upper and the lower part of that pathway. Notably, in the tests with thestrain having more candidate genes encoding IBU-catabolic enzymes, noIBU transformation products were detected, while in the tests with the strainhaving fewer of these genes, detection occurred.Received: 4 May 2024 Accepted: 13 July 2024DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13320ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTSThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium,provided the original work is properly cited.© 2024 The Author(s). Environmental Microbiology Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Environmental Microbiology Reports. 2024;16:e13320. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/emi4 1 of 23https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-2229.13320
Batch studies on the biodegradation of paracetamol and 1,4-hydroquinone by novel bacterial strains isolated from extreme environmental samples and the identification of candidate catabolic genes
(Springer, 2024-08-13) Lara Moreno, Alba; El‑Sayed, Fatma; Cox, Cymon J.; Costa, Maria C.; Carlier, Jorge D.; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; FCT Foundation for Science and Technology. Portugal; Universidad de Sevilla. BIO181: Fitomicrobiomas Como Herramientas Biotecnológicas
The emerging pollutant paracetamol (APAP) is one of the most prescribed drugs worldwide. In addition, APAP and its main metabolites, namely, 4-aminophenol (4-AP), hydroquinone (H2Q), benzoquinone (BQ), and 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone (2,5-OH-BQ), among others, are frequently detected in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) infuents, efuents, and the environment. Thus, continuous release into the environment, especially aquatic environments, is a source of general concern. Six APAP-degrading bacterial strains were isolated from two mine samples from the Iberian Pyrite Belt (Lousal and Poderosa mines). Mycolicibacterium aubagnense HPB1.1, which was isolated using enrichment cultures from the Poderosa mine sample in the presence of H2Q as the sole carbon source, also showed APAP biodegrading capabilities. Pure cultures of this strain degraded 34.3 mg L−1 of APAP in 5 days and 9.4 mg L−1 of H2Q in 4 days. Interestingly, BQ and 2,5-OH-BQ were detected as metabolites resulting from H2Q abiotic degradation, but these compounds were removed in the strain’s cultures. Furthermore, M. aubagnense HPB1.1 whole-genome was sequenced, and its encoded proteins were aligned with enzymes of APAP-degrading bacteria recovered from databases and literature aiming to identify candidate catabolic genes. Putative amidases, deaminases, hydroxylases, and dioxygenases, responsible for the degradation of APAP by the HPB1.1 strain, were identifed by similarity, corroborating its ability to transform APAP and its intermediate metabolite H2Q into less toxic metabolic compounds due to their capacity to break the aromatic ring of these molecules.
The bacterial epigenome
(Springer nature, 2020-01) Sánchez Romero, María Antonia; Casadesús Pursals, Josep; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Genética; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICINN). España
In all domains of life, genomes contain epigenetic information superimposed over the nucleotide sequence. Epigenetic signals control DNA–protein interactions and can cause phenotypic change in the absence of mutation. A nearly universal mechanism of epigenetic signalling is DNA methylation. In bacteria, DNA methylation has roles in genome defence, chromosome replication and segregation, nucleoid organization, cell cycle control, DNA repair and regulation of transcription. In many bacterial species, DNA methylation controls reversible switching (phase variation) of gene expression, a phenomenon that generates phenotypic cell variants. The formation of epigenetic lineages enables the adaptation of bacterial populations to harsh or changing environments and modulates the interaction of pathogens with their eukaryotic hosts.
DNA methylation in bacteria: From the methyl group to the methylome
(Elsevier, 2015-06) Sánchez Romero, María Antonia; Cota, Ignacio; Casadesús Pursals, Josep; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Genética; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO). España; Junta de Andalucía
Formation of C5-methyl-cytosine, N4-methyl-cytosine, and N6-methyl-adenine in bacterial genomes is postreplicative, and occurs at specific targets. Base methylation can modulate the interaction of DNA-binding proteins with their cognate sites, and controls chromosome replication, correction of DNA mismatches, cell cycle-coupled transcription, and formation of epigenetic lineages by phase variation. During four decades, the roles of DNA methylation in bacterial physiology have been investigated by analyzing the contribution of individual methyl groups or small methyl group clusters to the control of DNA-protein interactions. Nowadays, single-molecule real-time sequencing can analyze the DNA methylation of the entire genome (the 'methylome'). Bacterial methylomes provide a wealth of information on the methylation marks present in bacterial genomes, and may open a new era in bacterial epigenomics.
Identifying Bacterial Lineages in Salmonella by Flow Cytometry
(American Society for Microbiology, 2022-12) Fernández Fernández, Rocío; Rodríguez Olivenza, David; Sánchez Romero, María Antonia; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Genética; Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad (MINECO). España
Advances in technologies that permit high-resolution analysis of events in single cells have revealed that phenotypic heterogeneity is a widespread phenomenon in bacteria. Flow cytometry has the potential to describe the distribution of cellular properties within a population of bacterial cells and has yielded invaluable information about the ability of isogenic cells to diversify into phenotypic subpopulations. This review will discuss several single-cell approaches that have recently been applied to define phenotypic heterogeneity in populations of Salmonella enterica.
Integrating genomic evidence for an updated taxonomy of the bacterial genus Spiribacter
(Nature, 2024-12-03) León León, María José; Vera Gargallo, Blanca; Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Ruiz de la Haba, Rafael; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España
The genus Spiribacter encompasses halophilic bacteria widely distributed in hypersaline environments worldwide. Despite their ecological significance, initially isolating Spiribacter species under laboratory settings was challenging due to the lack of knowledge of their growth and cultivation requirements. However, with improved understanding of their ecological niche and metabolic pathways, additional species of Spiribacter have been successfully isolated and identified from diverse locations around the globe. Enriched media with sodium pyruvate as carbon source facilitated the isolation of twelve new strains closely related to the genus Spiribacter from hypersaline environments in Spain. Genome sequencing and analysis of these new strains and previously described Spiribacter species provided insights into their genomic features and phylogenomic relationships, supporting the delineation of three distinct new species within this genus, designated as Spiribacter insolitus sp. nov., Spiribacter onubensis sp. nov., and Spiribacter pallidus sp. nov. In Spiribacter species, streamlined genomes enhance survival in hypersaline environments by reducing non-essential genes and optimizing resource utilization. Key genes involved in osmoprotectant mechanisms, including those for the metabolism of myo-inositol, hydroxyproline, and L-proline, were identified and numerous transporters were noted, ensuring efficient nutrient acquisition and osmotic balance. Notably, these new species, along with other Spiribacter strains, exhibit metabolic diversity in utilizing inorganic sulfur compounds, including thiosulfate and tetrathionate, for energy production and adaptation to hypersaline environments. The presence of thiosulfate dehydrogenase (TsdA) genes suggests their capability to oxidize thiosulfate to tetrathionate, potentially influencing both aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Furthermore, the prevalence of the sqr gene indicates a role for sulfide oxidation in Spiribacter metabolism, underlining their metabolic versatility in saline habitats. These adaptations allow Spiribacter to thrive in nutrient-limited, high-salinity habitats. Moreover, genome mining analysis and physiological disparities observed in the already described species Spiribacter halobius raise significant challenges to its classification within the genus Spiribacter.
Unraveling the Formation of Ternary AgCuSe Crystalline Nanophases and Their Potential as Antibacterial Agents
(American Chemical Society, 2024-10-09) Lin, Mengxi; Estruch Blasco, Manel; Pernia Leal, Manuel; Pajuelo Domínguez, Eloísa; Rodríguez, Laura; Figuerola, Albert; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICINN). España; Dutch Research Council (NWO); Generalitat de Catalunya; Junta de Andalucía; Universidad de Sevilla
AgCuSe nanoparticles could contribute to the growth of strongly light-absorbing thin films and solids with fast ion mobility, among other potential properties. Nevertheless, few methods have been developed so far for the synthesis of AgCuSe nanoparticles, and those reported deliver nanostructures with relatively large sizes and broad size and shape distributions. In this work, a colloidal cation exchange method is established for the easy synthesis of AgCuSe NPs with ca. 8 nm diameters and narrow size dispersion. Notably, in this lower size range the conucleation and growth of two stoichiometric ternary compounds are generally observed, namely the well-known eucairite AgCuSe compound and the novel fischesserite-like Ag3CuSe2 phase, the latter being less thermodynamically stable as predicted computationally and assessed experimentally. An optimal range of Cu/Ag precursor molar ratio has been identified to ensure the growth of ternary nanoparticles and, more specifically, that of the metastable Ag3CuSe2 nanophase isolated for the first occasion. The attained size range for the material paves the way for utilizing AgCuSe nanoparticles in new ways within the field of biomedicine: the results obtained here confirm the antibacterial activity of the new AgxCuySez nanoparticles against Gram-positive bacteria, with significantly low values of the minimal inhibitory concentration. © 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.
Unveiling the genomic landscape and adaptive mechanisms of the haloarchaeal genus Halogeometricum: spotlight on thiamine biosynthesis
(Frontiers, 2024-10-15) Straková, Dáša; Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Ruiz de la Haba, Rafael; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICINN). España; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España
Recent advances in molecular and metagenomic analyses have enhanced the ability to precisely determine the microbiota of hypersaline environments of marine origin, such as solar salterns, saline lakes, and hypersaline soils, uncovering numerous yet-to-be-isolated prokaryotic groups. Our research focused on the hypersaline ecosystems within the Odiel Saltmarshes, a natural tidal wetland situated at the confluence of the Odiel and Tinto rivers in Huelva province, Southwestern Spain. Employing culture-dependent techniques, we aimed to isolate and characterize novel halophilic prokaryotes from this area. Two haloarchaeal strains, designated S1BR25-6T and S3BR25-2T were classified within the genus Halogeometricum based on Overall Genome Related Indexes (OGRIs) such as Orthologous Average Nucleotide Identity, digital DNA-DNA hybridization, and Average Amino Acid Identity as standard criteria for species delineation. Moreover, this study embarks on an exhaustive genome-based comparative analysis of the haloarchaeal genus Halogeometricum, delineating the metabolic capacities, osmoregulatory adaptations, and resistance to certain heavy metals of its species. The dual osmoregulatory mechanism observed by in-silico analysis of the Halogeometricum species combines “salt-in” and “salt-out” strategies which highlights the adaptive flexibility of these haloarchaea. In addition, capability for de novo thiamine biosynthesis of strain S1BR25-6T along with other Halogeometricum species underscores their metabolic complexity and resilience, offering insights into their role in ecosystem dynamics and potential biotechnological applications. Wet lab experimental analysis of strains S1BR25-6T and S3BR25-2T confirmed their resistance to heavy metals, particularly to arsenic, zinc, and cadmium, emphasizing their potential for bioremediation applications. Furthermore, conducting fragment recruitment analysis across different metagenomic datasets revealed a predominant recruitment of species from the genus Halogeometricum in hypersaline soils of Odiel Saltmarshes (especially the two novel strains), and in the brines of marine saltern ponds with high salt concentrations. These results contribute to a reinforced understanding of the extremely halophilic characteristics inherent to the genus Halogeometricum. Finally, taxogenomic analysis has substantiated that strains S1BR25-6T (= CCM 9250T = CECT 30624T), and S3BR25-2T (= CCM 9253T = CECT 30622T) denote two previously unidentified species within the genus Halogeometricum, for which we propose the names Halogeometricum salsisoli sp. nov., and Halogeometricum luteum sp. nov., respectively.
Reclassification of Halomicroarcula saliterrae Straková et al. 2024 and Halomicroarcula onubensis Straková et al. 2024 into the genus Haloarcula, as Haloarcula saliterrae comb. nov. and Haloarcula onubensis comb. nov., respectively
(Microbiology Society, 2024-09-16) Straková, Dáša; Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Ruiz de la Haba, Rafael; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España
The haloarchaeal genera Halomicroarcula and Haloarcula, belonging to the family Haloarculaceae, order Halobacteriales, class Halobacteria, within the phylum Methanobacteriota, have previously exhibited significant phylogenetic and taxonomic overlaps. This issue was recently resolved by merging the two genera into a single genus, Haloarcula. However, Halomicroarcula saliterrae and Halomicroarcula onubensis were described almost simultaneously with the proposal to unify the genera Haloarcula and Halomicroarcula. Their names were validly published under the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (ICNP) according to Validation List no. 217, alongside six Haloarcula species and the transfer of the existing Halomicroarcula species into the genus Haloarcula. Therefore a phylogenetic, phylogenomic, and comparative genomic analysis was carried out to clarify the taxonomic status of these two haloarchaeal species, Halomicroarcula saliterrae and Halomicroarcula onubensis, with lower priority than the six new species of the genus Haloarcula. Phylogenetic studies of 16S rRNA and rpoB′ gene sequences, along with phylogenomic reconstructions using single-copy core-orthologous proteins, indicated that the two species clustered with the members of the genus Haloarcula. The overall genome relatedness indexes (OGRIs), comparative analyses of phenotypic features, and polar lipid profiles further supported their taxonomic reassignment as two separate species within the genus Haloarcula. Consequently, we propose the reclassification of Halomicroarcula saliterrae Straková et al. 2024 and Halomicroarcula onubensis Straková et al. 2024 into the genus Haloarcula, as Haloarcula saliterrae comb. nov. and Haloarcula onubensis comb. nov., respectively, in accordance with the ICNP.
Metagenomic insights into the prokaryotic communities of heavy metal-contaminated hypersaline soils
(Elsevier, 2024-11) Galisteo Gómez, Cristina; Puente Sánchez, Fernando; Ruiz de la Haba, Rafael; Bertilsson, Stefan; Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España
Saline soils and their microbial communities have recently been studied in response to ongoing desertification of agricultural soils caused by anthropogenic impacts and climate change. Here we describe the prokaryotic microbiota of hypersaline soils in the Odiel Saltmarshes Natural Area of Southwest Spain. This region has been strongly affected by mining and industrial activity and feature high levels of certain heavy metals. We sequenced 18 shotgun metagenomes through Illumina NovaSeq from samples obtained from three different areas in 2020 and 2021. Taxogenomic analyses demonstrate that these soils harbored equal proportions of archaea and bacteria, with Methanobacteriota, Pseudomonadota, Bacteroidota, Gemmatimonadota, and Balneolota as most abundant phyla. Functions related to the transport of heavy metal outside the cytoplasm are among the most relevant features of the community (i.e., ZntA and CopA enzymes). They seem to be indispensable to avoid the increase of zinc and copper concentration inside the cell. Besides, the archaeal phylum Methanobacteriota is the main arsenic detoxifier within the microbiota although arsenic related genes are widely distributed in the community. Regarding the osmoregulation strategies, “salt-out” mechanism was identified in part of the bacterial population, whereas “salt-in” mechanism was present in both domains, Bacteria and Archaea. De novo biosynthesis of two of the most universal compatible solutes was detected, with predominance of glycine betaine biosynthesis (betAB genes) over ectoine (ectABC genes). Furthermore, doeABCD gene cluster related to the use of ectoine as carbon and energy source was solely identified in Pseudomonadota and Methanobacteriota.
‘Altruistic’ cooperation among the prokaryotic community of Atlantic salterns assessed by metagenomics
(Elsevier, 2024-11) García Roldán, Alicia; Ruiz de la Haba, Rafael; Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICINN). España; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España
Hypersaline environments are extreme habitats with a limited prokaryotic diversity, mainly restricted to halophilic or halotolerant archaeal and bacterial taxa adapted to highly saline conditions. This study attempts to analyze the taxonomic and functional diversity of the prokaryotes that inhabit a solar saltern located at the Atlantic Coast, in Isla Cristina (Huelva, Southwest Spain), and the influence of salinity on the diversity and metabolic potential of these prokaryotic communities, as well as the interactions and cooperation among the individuals within that community. Brine samples were obtained from different saltern ponds, with a salinity range between 19.5 % and 39 % (w/v). Total prokaryotic DNA was sequenced using the Illumina shotgun metagenomic strategy and the raw sequence data were analyzed using supercomputing services following the MetaWRAP and SqueezeMeta protocols. The most abundant phyla at moderate salinities (19.5–22 % [w/v]) were Methanobacteriota (formerly “Euryarchaeota”), Pseudomonadota and Bacteroidota, followed by Balneolota and Actinomycetota and Uroviricota in smaller proportions, while at high salinities (36–39 % [w/v]) the most abundant phylum was Methanobacteriota, followed by Bacteroidota. The most abundant genera at intermediate salinities were Halorubrum and the bacterial genus Spiribacter, while the haloarchaeal genera Halorubrum, Halonotius, and Haloquadratum were the main representatives at high salinities. A total of 65 MAGs were reconstructed from the metagenomic datasets and different functions and pathways were identified in them, allowing to find key taxa in the prokaryotic community able to synthesize and supply essential compounds, such as biotin, and precursors of other bioactive molecules, like β-carotene, and bacterioruberin, to other dwellers in this habitat, lacking the required enzymatic machinery to produce them. This work shed light on the ecology of aquatic hypersaline environments, such as the Atlantic Coast salterns, and on the dynamics and factors affecting the microbial populations under such extreme conditions.
Microbial solutions must be deployed against climate catastrophe
(Springer Nature, 2024-11-11) Peixoto, Raquel; Voolstra, Christian R.; Stein, Lisa Y.; Hugenholtz, Philip; Salles, Joana Falcao; Amin, Shady A.; Häggblom, Max; Gregory, Ann; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Gilbert, Jack A.; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología
Marinobacter Persicus sp. nov., a Moderately Halophilic Bacterium from a Saline Lake in Iran
(Springer Nature, 2013) Bagheri, Maryam; Amoozegar, Mohammad Ali; Didari, Maryam; Makhdoumi-Kakhki, Ali; Schumann, Peter; Spröer, Cathrin; Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; International Foundation for Science (IFS); Iranian Biological Resource Centre (IBRC); Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO). España; National Science Foundation (NSF). United States; Junta de Andalucía
A Gram-negative, non-endospore-forming, rod shaped, strictly aerobic, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain M9BT, was isolated from the hypersaline lake Aran-Bidgol in Iran. Cells of strain M9BT were found to be motile and produce colonies with an orange-yellow pigment. Growth was determined to occur between 5 and 20 % (w/v) NaCl and the isolate grew optimally at 7.5-10 % (v/w) NaCl. The optimum pH and temperature for growth of the strain were determined to be pH 7.0 and 35 C, respectively, while it was able to grow over pH and temperature ranges of 6-8 and 25-45 C, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on the comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain M9BT is a member of the genus Marinobacter. The closest relative to this strain was found to be Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus MBIC 1303T with a similarity level of 97.7 %. DNA-DNA hybridization between the novel isolate and this phylogenetically related species was 13 ± 2 %. The major cellular fatty acids of the isolate were identified as C16:0, C19:1 ω6c, C 18:1 ω9c and C16:1 ω9c. The polar lipid pattern of strain M9BT was determined to consist of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine and three phospholipids. Ubiquinone 9 (Q-9) was the only lipoquinone detected. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of this strain was determined to be 58.6 mol%. Phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic analysis and DNA-DNA relatedness data suggest that this strain represents a novel species of the genus Marinobacter, for which the name Marinobacter persicus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Marinobacter persicus is strain M9BT (=IBRC-M 10445T = CCM 7970T = CECT 7991T = KCTC 23561T).
Thalassobacillus Pellis sp. nov., a Moderately Halophilic, Gram-positive Bacterium Isolated from Salted Hides
(Microbiology Society, 2011) Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Yilmaz, Pinar; Ruiz de la Haba, Rafael; Birbi, Meral; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (MEC). España; National Science Foundation (NSF). United States; Junta de Andalucía
A Gram-positive, moderately halophilic and endospore-forming bacterium, designated strain 18OMT, was isolated from salted animal hides. The cells were rods and produced ellipsoidal endospores at a terminal position. Strain 18OMT was motile, strictly aerobic and grew at 0.5-25% (w/v) NaCl [optimal growth at 10% (w/v) NaCl], at between pH 5.0 and 9.0 (optimal growth at pH 7.5) and at temperatures between 15 and 45 °C (optimal growth at 37 °C). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons showed that strain 18OMT was closely related to species of the genus Thalassobacillus within the phylum Firmicutes. The closest phylogenetic similarity was with Thalassobacillus devorans G-19.1T (98.4%), Thalassobacillus cyri HS286T (97.9%) and Thalassobacillus hwangdonensis AD-1T (97.4%). The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15: 0 (57.9%), anteiso-C17: 0 (14.0%), iso- C15: 0 (10.8%) and iso-C16: 0 (8.1%). The respiratory isoprenoid quinones were MK-7 (98.5%) and MK-6 (1.5%). The DNA G+C content was 42.9 mol%. These features confirmed the placement of strain 18OMT within the genus Thalassobacillus. The DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain 18OMT and T. devorans G-19.1T, T. cyri HS286T and T. hwangdonensis AD-1T were 49%, 9% and 15%, respectively, showing unequivocally that strain 18OMT constituted a novel genospecies. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis and phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain 18OMT is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Thalassobacillus, for which the name Thalassobacillus pellis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 18OMT (=CECT 7566T =DSM 22784T =JCM 16412T).
Lentibacillus Persicus sp. nov., a Moderately Halophilic Species Isolated from a Saline Lake
(Microbiology Society, 2010) Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Amoozegar, M. A.; Fernandez, A. B.; Babavalian Fard, H.; Ramezani, M.; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Iranian Environment Department; Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (MEC). España; Junta de Andalucía
A Gram-staining-positive, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain Amb31T, was isolated from water of the hypersaline lake Aran-Bidgol in Iran and characterized taxonomically using a polyphasic approach. Cells were rods, motile and able to produce ellipsoidal endospores at a central position in swollen sporangia. Strain Amb31T was facultatively anaerobic and catalase- and oxidase-positive. The strain grew in a complex medium supplemented with 3-25% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 7.5-10 %). Optimal growth was at 30-35 °C and pH 7.5. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons showed that strain Amb31T belonged to the genus Lentibacillus; it exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 96.8 and 96.4% to Lentibacillus salicampi SF-20T and Lentibacillus salinarum AHS-1T, respectively, and values of 95.9-94.7% to the type strains of other recognized species of Lentibacillus. The cellwall peptidoglycan of strain Amb31T was based on meso-diaminopimelic acid and MK-7 was the respiratory isoprenoid quinone. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C 15 : 0 (44.7 %), iso-C16 : 0 (21.4 %) and anteiso-C 17 : 0 (15.9 %) and the polar lipid pattern consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, five phospholipids and a glycolipid. The DNA G+C content was 44.1 mol%. All these features confirmed the placement of strain Amb31T within the genus Lentibacillus and the strain could be clearly differentiated from strains of the other species of Lentibacillus on the basis of several phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic features. DNA-DNA relatedness with the type strain of the most closely related strain, L. salicampi DSM 16425T, was 28 %. Therefore, strain Amb31T represents a novel species of the genus Lentibacillus, for which the name Lentibacillus persicus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Amb31T (=CCM 7683T 5CECT 7524T =DSM 22530T =LMG 25304T)
Halomonas Titanicae sp. nov., a Halophilic Bacterium Isolated from the RMS Titanic
(Microbiology Society, 2010) Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Kaur, Bhavleen; Mann, Henrietta; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Ministerio de Educación y Cultura (MEC). España; Junta de Andalucía
A Gram-negative, heterotrophic, aerobic, non-endospore-forming, peritrichously flagellated and motile bacterial strain, designated BH1 T, was isolated from samples of rusticles, which are formed in part by a consortium of micro-organisms, collected from the RMS Titanic wreck site. The strain grew optimally at 30-37 °C, pH 7.0-7.5 and in the presence of 2-8% (w/v) NaCl. We carried out a polyphasic taxonomic study in order to characterize the strain in detail. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison indicated that strain BH1T clustered within the branch consisting of species of Halomonas. The most closely related type strains were Halomonas neptunia (98.6% 16S rRNA sequence similarity), Halomonas variabilis (98.4 %), Halomonas boliviensis (98.3 %) and Halomonas sulfidaeris (97.5 %). Other closely related species were Halomonas alkaliphila (96.5% sequence similarity), Halomonas hydrothermalis (96.3 %), Halomonas gomseomensis (96.3 %), Halomonas venusta (96.3 %) and Halomonas meridiana (96.2 %). The major fatty acids of strain BH1T were C18 : 1ω7c (36.3 %), C16 : 0 (18.4 %) and C19 : 0 cyclo v8c (17.9 %). The DNA G+C content was 60.0 mol% (Tm). Ubiquinone 9 (Q-9) was the major lipoquinone. The phenotypic features, fatty acid profile and DNA G+C content further supported the placement of strain BH1T in the genus Halomonas. DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain BH1T and H. neptunia CECT 5815T, H. variabilis DSM 3051T, H. boliviensis DSM 15516T and H. sulfidaeris CECT 5817T were 19, 17, 30 and 29 %, respectively, supporting the differential taxonomic status of BH1T. On the basis of the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, strain BH1T is considered to represent a novel species, for which the name Halomonas titanicae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BH1T (=ATCC BAA-1257T =CECT 7585T =JCM 16411T =LMG 25388T).
Biogeography of the Ubiquitous Marine Bacterium Alteromonas Macleodii Determined by Multilocus Sequence Analysis
(John Wiley & Sons, 2008) Ivars Martínez, Elena; D'Auria, Giuseppe; Rodríguez Valera, Francisco; Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Joint, Ian; Mühling, Martin; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Gobierno de España; European Union (UE); Natural Environment Research Council (UK)
Twenty-three isolates of the widely distributed marine bacteria Alteromonas macleodii have been analysed by multilocus sequence analysis combined with phylogenetic and multivariate statistical analyses. The strains originated from the Pacific Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, English Channel, Black Sea and Thailand. Using the nucleotide sequences of nine loci for each of the 23 isolates, a robust identification was achieved of different clades within the single species. Strains generally clustered with the depth in the water column from which the isolate originated. Strains also showed more recombination with isolates from the same vicinity, suggesting that genetic exchange plays a role in diversification of planktonic marine prokaryotes. This study thus shows for the first time for a large set of isolates of a species of planktonic marine prokaryotes that multilocus sequence analysis overcomes the problems associated with the analysis of individual marker genes or presence of extensive recombination events. It can thus achieve intraspecific identification to the level of genotypes and, by comparison with relevant environmental data, ecotypes.
New records of bacteria in different species of fleas from France and Spain
(Elsevier, 2021-06) Zurita Carrasco, Antonio; Benkacimi, Linda; El Karkouri, Khalid; Cutillas Barrios, Cristina; Parola, Philippe; Laroche, Maureen; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)
In this study, we assessed the presence of vector-borne microorganisms in different species of fleas collected from different hosts in diverse areas of South-Western Europe by molecular methods. A total of 319 fleas belonging to eight different species was tested for the presence of eight microorganisms. Wolbachia spp. endosymbionts were detected in Ctenocephalides felis, Pulex irritans, Archaeopsylla erinacei and Ctenophthalmus baeticus boisseauorum specimens. Rickettsia felis, an emerging pathogen, was detected in C. felis, A. erinacei and Ct. b. boisseauorum. Rickettsia typhi, the agent of murine typhus was detected for the first time in A. erinacei and Mycobacterium spp. were detected for the first time in fleas (C. felis, P. irritans and A. erinacei). Lastly, five different species of Bartonella were detected in fleas’ DNA in this study, including a possible new bacterium belonging to this genus. With this study, we updated the knowledge of the flea-borne bacteria present in the South-West of Europe reinforcing the idea about the necessity to expand and increase the current knowledge on flea-borne pathogens.
Bacillus Persepolensis sp. nov., a Moderately Halophilic Bacterium from a Hypersaline Lake
(Microbiology Society, 2009) Amoozegar, M. A.; Sánchez-Porro Álvarez, Cristina; Rohban, R.; Hajighasemi, M.; Ventosa Ucero, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Iranian Environment Department; Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (España); Junta de Andalucía
A Gram-positive, moderately halophilic, endospore-forming bacterium, designated strain HS136T, was isolated from the hypersaline lake Howz-Soltan in Iran. Cells were motile rods, producing ellipsoidal endospores at a central-subterminal position in non-swollen sporangia. Strain HS136T, a strictly aerobic bacterium, grew between pH 7.0 and 10.0 (optimal growth at pH 8.0-8.5), between 25 and 45 °C (optimal growth at 40 °C) and at salinities of 5-20%(w/v) NaCl, growing optimally at 10% (w/v) NaCl. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain HS136T was shown to belong to the genus Bacillus within the phylum Firmicutes and showed closest phylogenetic similarity to Bacillus salarius BH169T (95.2%) and Bacillus qingdaonensis CM1T (94.5%). The DNA G+C content of this new isolate was 37.1 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids of strain HS136T were iso-C15: 0, anteiso-C15: 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0, and its polar lipid pattern consisted of phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol. The isoprenoid quinone was MK-7. The peptidoglycan type is A1γ, with meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid. On the basis of polyphasic evidence from this study, Bacillus persepolensis sp. nov. is proposed, with strain HS136T (=CCM 7595T=DSM 21632T=JCM 15720T=LMG 25222T) as the type strain.

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