Capítulos (Ingeniería Gráfica)

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://hdl.handle.net/11441/81775

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Ecoshow: un evento universitario creativo pensado para el mundo real
(Universidad de Sevilla, 2024) Méndez Orense, María; Blanco Barrera, Ramón; Herrero Vázquez, Eduardo; Mora Gutiérrez, Juan Pablo; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Lengua Española, Lingüística y Teoría de la Literatura; Llorente Cejudo, María del Carmen; Barragán Sánchez, Raquel; Pérez Rodríguez, Noelia; Martín Párraga, Lorena
Aplicación de la estrategia Aura para la rehabilitación de barriadas obsoletas andaluzas: análisis de las condiciones de habitabilidad, confort y salud en el Polígono de San Pablo (Sevilla)
(Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Fomento, Articulación del Territorio y Vivienda, 2023) Herrera-Limones, Rafael; Vargas Palomo, Ana Camila; Millán Jiménez, Antonio; López Escamilla, Álvaro; Hernández Valencia, Miguel; Roa Fernández, Jorge; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas I (ETSA); Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Morillas Fernández, Alberto; Romero Ojeda, José Manuel; Navas Carrillo, Daniel; Universidad de Sevilla. HUM965: Transhumancias: Hábitat, Salud, Patrimonio, Tecnología y Arte; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP206: Sath Sostenibilidad en Arquitectura, Tecnología y Patrimonio: Materialidad y Sistemas Constructivos
Exploring the accessibility of deformed digital heritage models
(Elsevier, 2024) Antón García, Daniel; Amaro Mellado, José Lázaro; Rico Delgado, Fernando; Díaz Cañete, Pablo; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Expresión Gráfica e Ingeniería en la Edificación; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica; Universidad de Sevilla; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP970: Innovación Tecnológica, Sistemas de Modelado 3d y Diagnosis Energética en Patrimonio y Edificación; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP107: Estructuras y Geotecnia; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP977: BIM: Construcción y Edificación
The concept of accessibility has been examined by the scientific community in various fields such as education, health care, social inclusion, disabilities, transport, and tourism. Regarding heritage, the European Commission’s efforts toward accessible cultural heritage are highlighted, along with the use of digitization and modeling technologies for complex heritage shapes. Thus, this chapter explores relevant scientific research into the accessibility of digital heritage models that represent the assets’ real condition, that is, as-is or as-built models produced using advanced digitization and modeling technologies. The study emphasizes the importance of both physical and semantic aspects of heritage conservation and the need for public awareness and cooperation toward the aimed accessibility. The methodology addresses the search for publications in Scopus and Web of Science and their filtering based on inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure documents related to the accessibility of deformed digital heritage models are considered. The research concludes that creating accessible deformed digital heritage models is crucial for inclusion and participation from the public and stakeholders, and while some studies achieve accurate as-built geometries and accessibility, there is room for improvement.
Investigating the use of 3D laser scanning to detect damaged features in heritage buildings
(Elsevier, 2024) Antón García, Daniel; Amaro Mellado, José Lázaro; Al-Habaibeh, Amin; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica; Tejedor Herrán, Blanca; Bienvenido Huertas, José David; Universidad de Sevilla; European Commission (EC). Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER); Universidad de Sevilla. TEP970: Innovación Tecnológica, Sistemas de Modelado 3d y Diagnosis Energética en Patrimonio y Edificación
Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) is becoming increasingly important in the cultural heritage field given the need for virtual records of buildings and detecting surface wear and deterioration. Scientific research has shown that exhaustive 3D modeling from point clouds enables accurate analysis of heritage buildings and sites. However, factors such as the number and location of scanning stations, distance to objects, point of view, and resolution impact the scanning and modeling accuracies. Through the case study of a 19th-century Anglican masonry church in Nottingham (United Kingdom), this chapter investigates the accuracy of TLS surveying features to model surface deficiencies in heritage buildings. The results showed that combining different points of view and distances can enhance accuracy, but the joint accuracy is still lower than that of the less unfavorable station. The research also determined the suitable meshing smoothening for damage modeling and analyzed the point cloud discretization distortion for accuracy analysis.
Acondicionamiento y energía
(Editorial Aula Magna, McGraw-Hill Interamericana de España, 2024) Girón Borrero, Sara; León-Rodríguez, Ángel Luis; López Escamilla, Álvaro; Martel Villagrán, Jesús; Osorio Echavarría, César; Villar Rodríguez, Joaquín; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Aplicada II; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas I (ETSA); Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Economía e Historia Económica; Herrera-Limones, Rafael; Hernández Valencia, Miguel; Roa Fernández, Jorge
La presente publicación se enmarca dentro de la producción científica e investigadora del Equipo Solar Decathlon de la Universidad de Sevilla, junto a diversos grupos de investigación de dicha universidad (liderados por el HUM-965 TRAnHUMANCIAS). Así, tras obtener en pública concurrencia la adjudicación de un proyecto de investigación de carácter autonómico, se propone la continuación de la búsqueda transdisciplinar de soluciones regenerativas aplicables a barriadas obsoletas de Andalucía. El estudio de soluciones habitacionales de carácter social basadas en la regeneración urbana, se plantea mediante la implementación de diversas líneas de actuación urdimbradas entre sí, potenciando la recuperación de la identidad social, la rehabilitación de la materialidad, la disminución de la pobreza energética y, por ende, la mejora del confort -y la salud- de los habitantes del barrio.
Is the Ocean of Enceladus in a Primitive Evolutionary Stage?
(Intechopen, 2022) Villavicencio Valero, K.; Ramírez Juidias, Emilio; Ávila Bosch, A.; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica; Chemin, Yann-Henri
Enceladus has a subsurface ocean in the South Pole that has been inferred due to the presence of water vapor and other molecules like molecular hydrogen and ammonia detected by the Cassini mission from the ejection of material through the plumes in that region. The chemical composition of this ocean could give some information about the evolutionary stage of the icy moon if its components are found to be similar with the aqueous chemistry of the primitive oceans on Earth during glacial periods. Here we present a comparative geochemical analysis between the ocean of Enceladus and the aqueous composition of the oceans on Earth during the Snowball Event, in order to figure out if there are similar species, how the interaction of the metabolic processes between them works and if, in the future, those molecules could evolve making possible the emergence of life.
Evolution and Dynamics of Fractal Growth of the Urban Green Spaces in Seville (Spain)
(Intechopen, 2017) Ramírez Juidias, Emilio; ; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica; Almusaed, Amjad
Like urban growth, the increase in the area of urban green spaces can be described using fractal design, a measure, of the dynamic evolution of public space of leisure and recreation of the citizens, associated with the growth form of the city. Throughout the history, the city of Seville has been a good example of sustainability and eco-design in spite of the enormous physical transformations carried out both in the city center and in the periphery. In essence, the evolutionary process of the city is both technical and social giving rise to a landscape that is transformed and remains. In this work, from the evolution of green area per inhabitant from 1842 to 2016, a prediction model capable of characterizing the changes of fractal dimension associated with the growth of Seville is proposed. This prediction model can be used to estimate the growth rate of the fractal dimension, and therefore to reveal the spatiotemporal process and pattern of Seville growth. Especially, the model lays a foundation for researching the correlation between urban form and urbanization and for developing the theory of spatial replacement dynamics.
Sedimentation and Proposed Algorithms to Detect the Possible Existence of Vegetation and Humidity in the Landing Area of the Mars Exploration Rover-B (Opportunity)
(Intechopen, 2021) Ramírez Juidias, Emilio; Villavicencio Valero, E.; Borja, A.; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica
Opportunity was launched in 2004 and has been providing interesting data from Mars till 2018. Meridiani Planum was the landing site for the robot. This crater has numerous rock outcrops, which are considered a valuable geological resource that contains keys to the Martian past. In this work, several algorithms have been developed for detecting the possible presence of humidity and vegetation on Mars through the images sent by the Mars Exploration Rover - B Opportunity and by the Viking Orbiter between 1976 and 1980. For this, it was carried out a sedimentary simulation of the study area, as well as an analysis of all the images from the spectral signatures extracted. The results show the existence of three types of water on the surface, as well as concentrations of Neoxanthin, also on landing area surface, that suggest the possible existence of microalgae.
Prediction of the Transported Soil Volume by the Presence of Water in the Vicinity of Ma’adim Vallis (Mars)
(Intechopen, 2022-03-01) Ramírez Juidias, Emilio; Eyvaz, Murat; Albahnasawi, Ahmed; Gürbulak, Ercan; Tekbaş, Mesut
Ma'adim Vallis is a channel that ends at the Gusev Crater. In general terms, the length of the channel is about 700 km while its width can reach 20 km and its depth 2 km. Currently, the images obtained from the area allow to visualize a landscape of abundant gullies with important signs of water erosion. In order to predict the volume of transported soil by the presence of water in the vicinity of Ma'adim Vallis, as well as to generate a rainfall model applicable to the red planet, a total of 16 cross-sectional profiles were made along the main canyon, ensuring that all were equidistant from each other depending on the orographic characteristics of the study area. Once the volume of transported soil was obtained, a novel model capable of predicting the rainfall concentration index (RCI) necessary to produce a certain water erosion on the Mars surface was obtained. This model is applicable to other rocky planets as a result of its simplicity
New Remote Sensing Technologies Applied to the Prediction of Spontaneous Forest Fires
(Intechopen, 2023-07-19) Ramírez Juidias, Emilio; Cabello Franco, Emilio José; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica; Mohammad Mokhtari
One of the causes of a forest fire is a combination of environmental variables such as temperature and relative humidity, as well as wind speed. When environmental conditions are favorable, chemical reactions occur at the forest mass level, resulting in pre-ignition. A big-data analysis of three spontaneous forest fires that occurred in Spain between 2015 and 2019 was performed to determine the chemical compound from which the forest fire starts. After analyzing satellite data, it was discovered that the critical temperature at which a fire starts spontaneously is 51.27°C, a value that coincides with the maximum limit of decrease in environmental sulfur dioxide concentration ([SO2]), presumably due to sulfur capture by part of the wood, an element that is released into the environment after the fire occurs. The Spontaneous Forest Fire Process (SFFP) and fAPAR have a close relationship because pre-ignition occurs when the critical temperature determined by environmental conditions is reached.
Sedimentation Processes in the Tinto and Odiel Salt Marshes in Huelva, Spain
(Intechopen, 2018-04-18) Ramírez Juidias, Emilio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica; Amini, Ata
Global warming is a key factor to take into account when a study is conducted on tidal wetlands. Both Odiel and Tinto salt marshes are the major wetlands in Andalusia (Spain). From the mid-1950s to date, the land use changes (LUC) have caused a great landscape alteration that along with the effects of climatic variables and sea wave energy have given rise to a hard impact on the environment. The advent of new image processing procedures and use of high-resolution images from satellites gave precise patterns of erosion. In this work, a new method patented by the author is presented and used to obtain the total cubic meters of eroded soil in both salt marshes. Moreover, the different factors that begin this phenomenon as well as the influence of intertidal processes are discussed. The results show how the greater integration of remote sensing and geographical information systems (GIS) technologies, with regression model, was most useful to describe, analyze and predict the volumetric change process in both salt marshes.
Eficiencia energética de edificios en Bari (Italia) mediante teledetección
(Tirant Humanidades, 2019) Garzone, Luzia; Ramírez Juidias, Emilio; ; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica; Lloréns Corraliza, Santiago; Rincón Millán, María Dolores; Martín Pastor, Andrés
Actualmente, la teledetección es una de las herramientas más potentes para obtener información espectral de la ciudad. Uno de los factores más importantes de esta, es el correcto uso de la información espectral, la cual da información precisa de todos los componentes que conforman el área urbana (vegetación, materiales, antigüedad de los edificios, etc). En el presente trabajo, mediante el uso de big data e IoT, se procederá a la obtención de nuevos algoritmos que permitan obtener la eficiencia energética de cualquier área urbana. Para ello, se obtuvieron datos climáticos de la ciudad Bari (Italia) durante un periodo de 30 años. Posteriormente, dicha información se relacionó, píxel a píxel, con las imágenes satelitales del mismo periodo temporal. Tras el análisis complejo de la matriz de píxeles original, y mediante el uso de algoritmos genéticamente modificados, se pudieron inferir modelos matemáticos que dieron lugar, tanto al cálculo de la temperatura del edificio, en función de la aglomeración edificatoria, como a la obtención de la energía necesaria para refrigerar el edificio. Estos resultados muestran un nuevo paradigma, si cabe más sencillo, a la hora de obtener la eficiencia energética de la ciudad.
Communication in archaeology: remote sensing vs big data as technological innovation
(Gedisa, 2018) Ramírez Juidias, Emilio; Garzone, Luzia; ; ; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica; Morales Calvo, Sonia; Vidal Auladell, Felip; Mut Camacho, Magdalena
Developable Ruled Surfaces from a Cylindrical Helix and Their Applications as Architectural Surfaces
(Springer, 2020) Martín Pastor, Andrés; López Martínez, Alicia; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica; Viana, Vera; Murtinho, Vitor; Xavier, João Pedro; HUM976: Expregrafica. Lugar, Arquitectura y Dibujo
The study of developable surfaces has not been very common in the context of architectural education. This is not due to their complexity, but perhaps to the relatively recent emergence of digital tools that enable these surfaces to be controlled via advanced graphic thinking. In our recent workshops on Geometry and Digital Fabrication, we have worked with developable helical surfaces. These workshops have involved the design, manufacture and assembly of two ephemeral pavilions: the Butterfly Gallery and the Molusco Pavilion. These two experimental structures provide the initial inspiration to enter into greater geometrical depth of the expandable condition of certain helical structures described herein
La competencia escrita, oral y gráfica en el currículo educativo
(Federación de Asociaciones de Inspectores de Educación, 2019) Barrera Vera, José Antonio; Castillo García, Manuel; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica
La convergencia europea en el marco educativo, tanto a nivel básico como superior ha supuesto una serie de cambios metodológicos y estructurales en los centros educativos. Entre otros aspectos las competencias entroncan en el sistema como vector que marca la dirección de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. La competencia oral y escrita ha sido y es considerada como la principal; no obstante, debe ser complementada con otras cuyo desarrollo haga de la persona eficaz en el marco profesional donde se desenvuelve. Entendemos que la competencia en la “Conciencia y expresiones culturales” que hace referencia a la capacidad para apreciar la importancia de la expresión a través de la música, las artes plásticas y escénicas o la literatura, es uno de los grandes pilares para un conjunto de alumnos y alumnas que optan por carreras de la rama clásica y técnica, además de conformar para cualquier persona una sensibilidad necesaria para la vida
Capiteles sevillanos: técnicas avanzadas para su documentación gráfica.
(Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 2013) Molero Alonso, Borja; Barrera Vera, José Antonio; Cabrera Revuelta, Elena; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica
Los recientes avances en el campo de la documentación gráfica del patrimonio mediante el uso de la fotogrametría y scanner 3D han dado paso a un renovadointerés en el estudio de técnicas y procesos susceptibles de ser empleados en la generación de modelos digitales de elementos patrimoniales. Sin embargo hasta ahora poco se ha avanzado en el establecimiento de estándares en los procesos que garanticen la homogeneidad y la interoperabilidad de los trabajos. Considerando la valiosa información sobre el edificio que encierran los capiteles, el presente documento trata de mostrar los trabajos llevados a cabo para la documentación gráfica, con carácter métrico, mediante el empleo de técnicas fotogramétricas y de escaneado óptico 3D. Junto con el uso de software especializado en gestión de nubes de puntos y modelado tridimensional, se han obtenido modelos 3D texturizados tratando de establecer un protocolo de actuación para la representación, el análisis y la diseminación de los resultados
Lightweight conical components for rotational parabolic domes: geometric definition, structural behaviour, optimisation and digital fabrication
(Hochschulverlag AG an der ETH Zürich, 2016) Narváez Rodríguez, Roberto; Barrera Vera, José Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica; Adriaenssens, S.; Gramazio, F.; Kohler, M.; Menges, A.; Pauly, M.
Although initially intended for academic purposes, the research shown in this paper was drawn towards the development of hollow lightweight conical com-ponents to materialise rotational parabolic domes. The starting point is a projec-tive interpretation of an Archimedean property of rotational paraboloid planar sections. This is used to discretise the parabolic surface with a set of tangent ellipses obtained via planar circle-packing algorithms. The ellipses are then mate-rialised with components composed of three truncated conical surfaces, which may be composed of several laminar materials. The geometry and economy of the material, the good structural behaviour, the simple solution for fabrication and assembly, and the tests on a full-scale prototype prove this component to be an efficient self-supporting system for wide-span structures against the use of solid boundary rings, not only for rotational parabolic domes, but also for a possible translation to other types of surfaces
Graphic Thinking and Digital Processes: Three Built Case Studies of Digital Materiality
(Springer, 2017) Chiarella, Mauro; Martín Pastor, Andrés; Sáez, Nicolás; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica; Castaño Perea, Enrique; Echevarría, Ernesto
Think strategic link between computer programming; digital modeling; the data; matter and CNC manufacturing in the various stages of the architectural project is key to update our discipline with new technologies. Our proposal to articulate and digital graphic thought processes; developable folded geometries and compositions is rooted in an expanded graphic thinking through multiple conceptual tools that are already part of the operational structure of our discipline.
Rethinking Ephemeral Architecture. Advanced Geometry for Citizen-Managed Spaces
(Springer, 2017) Martín Pastor, Andrés; Martín-Mariscal, Amanda; López Martínez, Alicia; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Mercader-Moyano, Pilar
In recent years there have been a high amount of citizen initiatives that address the complex problems of the contemporary city. There are empty or disused spaces that have been reused for urban gardens, for social use, to encourage integration and civic activities activation, etc. Traditional architectural processes do not provide realistic solutions to these initiatives that, along with limited financial resources, have led to the emergence of architectures and self-constructed facilities, almost as an emergency mode, without necessary planning, media and constructive knowledge. The democratization of technology, thanks to laboratories of digital production, combined with knowledge of the properties of different surfaces through the CAD-CAM tools, offers new opportunities for the development of a lightweight, flexible and low impact architecture, very according to the needs of citizens' initiatives that naturally arise in our cities. The new existing scenario contemplates the figure of the architect, or engineer, not only as an agent of the market, but as a professional able to propose efficient solutions to problems from within, bringing their specific knowledge and serving as bridges between the new technological solutions and the challenges of society.
The Caterpillar Gallery: Quadric Surface Theorems, Parametric Design and Digital Fabrication
(Springer, 2014) Narváez Rodríguez, Roberto; Martín Pastor, Andrés; Aguilar Alejandre, María; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Block, Philippe; Knippers, Jan; Mitra, Niloy J.; Wang, Wenping
The use of certain quadratic surface theorems has mainly been associated in architecture with the design of classical vaults, domes and piping. The work presented by the authors is intended to explore the potential of these theorems to be used in the generation law for more complex shapes in contemporary architecture. The paper shows the case study of a built full-scale prototype, The Caterpillar gallery, a project stemming from the combination of geometric research and teaching innovation. Formal and structural experimentation take place in this project where, by starting from geometrical considerations, an efficient way of generating longitudinal spaces is proposed. One of the mentioned theorems applied to rotational cones provides the starting point for the generation of a set of concatenated surfaces that, once assembled, constitute a very stable self-supporting structure with a variety of possible applications.

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