Artículos (Estomatología)

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Modified CAMBRA Protocol for Caries Risk Assessment in Children Aged 6 to 14 Years
(MDPI, 2025-11-12) Pérez de Mora, Esther; Formoso Veloso, Ángel Luis; Arenas González, Marcela; Mendoza Mendoza, María Asunción; Rivas Pérez, David; Estomatología; CTS353: Estomatología Infantil y Ortodoncia
Background/Objectives: This study aimed to propose a modified CAMBRA protocol for caries risk analysis in a pediatric population, adapted to their needs and habits. Methods: A descriptive and analytical observational study was conducted after obtaining approval from the Ethics Committee. Caries risk was determined using the CAMBRA Questionnaire and the modified University of Seville Questionnaire (CAMBRA-OP Questionnaire). Results: The final study sample consisted of 300 patients aged 6 to 14 years, of whom 54% were boys and 46% were girls. The distribution of caries risk according to CAMBRA was as follows: 33% low, 7% moderate, 48.6% high, and 11.3% extreme. The distribution of caries risk according to the CAMBRA-OP was as follows: 27.7% low, 12.3% moderate, 48.7% high, and 11.3% extreme. Correlating both tests, a statistically significant association was observed between the caries risk determined by the CAMBRA and CAMBRA-OP, observing a strong correlation between both systems (p = 0.001; Cramer’s V = 0.826). The two diagnostic models exhibited high concordance (0.815 [p = 0.001]) using Cohen’s Kappa index. Conclusions: This tool is focused on this age group and is easily interpretable by professionals, thus contributing to more effective and personalized prevention of dental caries in childhood.
Revisión sistemática de los protocolos clínicos de revascularización pulpar en dientes permanentes inmaduros
(Sociedad Española de Odontopediatría, 2024-12) Caleza Jiménez, Carolina; Bernal Martín, Nieves María; Cahuana Cárdenas, Abel; Lopez Nicolás, Manuel; de la Hoz Calvo, Ana; Arenas González, Marcela; Estomatología; CTS353: Estomatología Infantil y Ortodoncia
La revascularización pulpar consigue un proceso de maduración normal con la formación completa de la raíz y el engrosamiento de las paredes de los conductos de dientes inmaduros necróticos. El objetivo de esta revisión es determinar la tasa de éxito de las diferentes técnicas de regeneración pulpar de dientes permanentes diferenciando los diferentes protocolos actuales. Se eligieron 11 artículos sobre los que fundamentar este trabajo. Se establecen los porcentajes de éxito de los diferentes protocolos de la técnica de revascularización pulpar, destacando con mayor éxito la pasta triantibiótica como material de desinfección, el plasma rico en plaquetas como andamiaje y Biodentine® como material de sellado.
Oral health status among children and adolescents from vulnerable populations: a cross-sectional study in Seville, Spain
(MDPI, 2025-11-07) Reyes-Lara, Rodolfo Esteban; Curto, Adrián; Ribas Pérez, David; Barbero Navarro, Ignacio; Rodríguez Menacho, Diego; Flores-Fraile, Javier; Castaño Seiquer, Antonio Luis; Estomatología; CTS353: Estomatología Infantil y Ortodoncia; HUM561: Investigación suroeste
Background/Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the oral health status of socially vulnerable children and adolescents in Seville and to examine its associations with behavioral and sociodemographic determinants. We hypothesized that greater social vulnerability and suboptimal behaviors would be associated with higher caries experience. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 250 participants aged 2 to 17 years attending the Luis Séiquer Social Dentistry Foundation between January and March 2025. Clinical examinations followed the WHO Oral Health Surveys: Basic Methods (5th edition, 2013) and were performed by a calibrated dentist. Variables included dental caries indices (dft, DMFT), pulpal treatment needs, and oral hygiene practices. Statistical analyses included Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney U, Fisher’s exact tests, and multivariate regression models (significance level p < 0.05). Results: Caries prevalence was high across all age groups, particularly in primary dentition (mean dft = 3.05 ± 3.80; DMFT = 2.99 ± 3.66; p < 0.001). Pulp therapy needs were significantly higher among preschoolers (mean = 2.22 ± 2.31). Factors such as low parental education, migrant background, insufficient toothbrushing frequency, and frequent sugar intake were strongly associated with poorer oral health outcomes. Although fluoridated toothpaste use was widespread (>94%), dental floss use remained limited (34.8%). Multivariate analyses confirmed a strong association between social inequalities and oral disease burden. Conclusions: Children and adolescents from vulnerable groups in Seville experience a high prevalence of dental caries and substantial unmet treatment needs. Findings highlight marked oral health disparities linked to socioeconomic status, emphasizing the urgent need for early preventive programs, culturally adapted oral health education, and equitable access to dental care.
Health-related quality of life and work ability among paid and family caregivers: A cross-sectional study in an industrially developing country
(Elsevier, 2025) Bernardes, João Marcos; Araújo, Laura; Chavari de Arruda, Rodrigo; Pereira de Oliveira, Adriano Paulo Aparecido; Alonso, Melissa Spröesser; Ruiz-Frutos, Carlos; Camacho Vega, Juan Carlos; El Khoury Moreno, Luis; Torrejón Martínez, Julio; Gómez-Salgado, Juan; Dias, Adriano; Construcciones Arquitectónicas II; Estomatología
Caregivers are essential for providing daily care to individuals with functional disabilities, but caregiving can negatively impact physical and mental health. This study assessed the health-related quality of life and work ability of 97 paid caregivers and 91 family caregivers, identifying factors associated with these outcomes. Mann-Whitney U and chi-square tests were used to analyze differences between groups, along with logistic regression models to explore the relationship between caregiver burden, social support, and the outcomes. Results showed family caregivers experienced higher burden, lower social support, worse quality of life, and reduced work ability compared to paid caregivers. Longer caregiving hours were linked to poorer outcomes, while good physical fitness was a protective factor. Moderate to severe caregiver burden strongly correlated with poor outcomes, while social support had a protective effect. The findings highlight the importance of interventions to reduce caregiver burden, enhance social support, and promote physical fitness for caregivers.
Implant prosthetic rehabilitation in a mandible osteosarcoma patient: a clinical report
(Mdpi, 2025-02-19) Arbelaez-Bonozo, L.; Luis-Sanchez, Laura; Oliva-Ferrusola, Elena; Fernández-Morales, Carlos; Albornoz Cabello, Manuel; Gutiérrez Pérez, José Luis; Torres-Lagares, Daniel; Fisioterapia; Estomatología; CTS947: Salud y Actividad Física para Calidad de Vida; CTS523: Innovación y Desarrollo en Técnicas y Fundamentos de Cirugía Bucal y Craneofacial
Introduction: Generally, after an oral oncological therapeutic process in which, unfortunately, surgery plays a fundamental role, a reconstructive and rehabilitative procedure should be initiated, seeking as far as possible to recover the patient’s vital functions (mastication, aesthetics, and phonetics). Case report: We present the case of a patient who successfully underwent treatment for mandibular sarcoma. After a disease-free period of one year, following oncological treatment, an intervention was performed for the insertion of dental implants into the fibula to subsequently rehabilitate the patient prosthetically. There were several challenges, including free-end edentulous space in the lower jaw with a depth of 18 mm on peri-implant tissues consisting of osteoseptocutaneous skin graft, hypotonic perioral musculature, and high aesthetic expectations of the patient. An overdenture with a titanium milled bar substructure with retentive prosthetic components was chosen for treatment. This implant-supported removable prosthesis was selected to facilitate cleaning, since the patient did not maintain oral hygiene habits. The patient was educated on using and handling the prosthesis, and the treatment objectives were achieved (to restore aesthetics and masticatory function). Conclusions: Removable prostheses are a valid alternative for oncologic patients and patients with unfavorable conditions for more complex implant-supported rehabilitation.
Social determinants of oral health in migrants at the Spanish border
(Frontiers Media SA, 2025-08-01) Martín Hernández, Juan; Barbero Navarro, Ignacio; Rodríguez Menacho, Diego; Villalva Hernandez-Franch, Paloma; Barrera Mora, José María; Ribas Pérez, David; Castaño Seiquer, Antonio Luis; Estomatología; HUM561: Investigación Suroeste; CTS353: Estomatología Infantil y Ortodoncia
Background: Health equity, particularly in oral health, remains a challenge for socially excluded populations such as migrants. This study investigates the oral health status and associated social determinants of health among adult immigrants residing at the Temporary Stay Center for Immigrants (CETI) in Melilla, Spain. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in March 2024 involving 128 adult CETI residents. Data collection included standardized oral examinations following WHO guidelines and structured questionnaires assessing sociodemographic variables, health habits, and dental care history. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 29.0, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: The sample was predominantly Latin American (80.5%) and male (67.2%), with a mean age of 34.85 years. While most participants reported good oral hygiene habits, 67.2% were partially edentulous, and the mean Decayed, Missing, Filled, Teeth (DMFT) index was 9.73—higher than national averages. Only 9.4% used dental prostheses. Significant differences were observed between Latin American and African subgroups regarding age distribution, oral hygiene habits, and access to dental care. Conclusion: Migrant populations at CETI face substantial oral health challenges and disparities linked to origin, education, and access to care. Ongoing epidemiological monitoring is essential to inform tailored, equity-oriented public health interventions that address the dynamic needs of these populations.
MIH and Cavities as Markers of Oral Health Inequality in Children from Southwest Andalusia (Spain)
(2025-06-18) Bech Barcaz, Leidy; Ribas Pérez, David; Villalva Hernandez-Franch, Paloma; El Khoury Moreno, Luis; Torrejón-Martínez, Julio; Castaño Seiquer, Antonio Luis; Estomatología; MDPI; HUM561: Investigación Suroeste
Introduction: Dental caries and molar–incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) are prevalent conditions affecting children’s oral health, with functional, aesthetic, and psychosocial implications. In Spain, previous studies have highlighted geographic and sociodemographic disparities in their distribution, particularly among rural and migrant populations. Objective: To characterise oral health status, in terms of caries and MIH, among 6–7-year-old children from the towns of Palos de la Frontera, Mazagón, and San Bartolomé. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 229 children recruited from public primary schools. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, and behavioural data were collected through clinical examination and interview. Statistical analysis included univariate and multivariate logistic regression. The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Huelva. Results: The prevalence of caries (DMFT ≥ 1) was 53.3%, with mean DMFT and dft indices of 1.78 and 0.31, respectively. MIH affected 32.8% of the cohort, with a predominance in the first permanent molars (teeth 36 and 26). Multivariate analysis identified independent predictors of caries: African (OR = 7.47; 95% CI: 2.84–23.8) and European (OR = 4.56; 95% CI: 1.26–22.3) parental origin, poor oral hygiene (OR = 3.07; 95% CI: 1.60–6.03), and the presence of MIH (OR = 3.20; 95% CI: 1.64–6.42). The municipality of San Bartolomé was associated with a higher risk of MIH (OR = 2.90; 95% CI: 1.21–7.45). Conclusions: The high prevalence of caries and MIH in the Condado-Campiña district, exceeding national averages, reflects oral health inequities linked to social determinants (migrant origin, locality) and clinical factors (MIH, oral hygiene). Targeted preventive interventions are urgently needed in high-risk populations, including culturally tailored education and policies ensuring equitable access to dental care services.
Exploring Psychosocial Risk Factors Among Spanish Nurses: Links to Health and Professional Variables
(Wiley, 2025-08-27) Narbona-Gálvez, Ángela; Gómez‐Salgado, Juan; Allande Cussó, Regina; Ruiz‐Frutos, Carlos; Ayuso-Murillo, Diego; Fontán-Vinagre, Guadalupe; Goniewicz, Krzysztof; Fagundo-Rivera, Javier; Castaño Seiquer, Antonio Luis; Enfermería; Estomatología; CTS1050: Cuidados Complejos, Cronicidad y Resultados en Salud
Objective: To identify factors associated with the perception of psychosocial risks among practising nurses in Spain and to examine their relationship with personal, professional and health-related characteristics. Design: Observational, cross-sectional and correlational study. Participants: A total of 2765 nurses completed an online questionnaire between March and June 2023. The survey was distributed via professional networks and the General Nursing Council of Spain. Methods: Descriptive and bivariate analyses were conducted, along with a categorical regression to identify factors associated with perceived psychosocial risk (measured using the ISTAS_Enfermería scale). Model assumptions were tested and multicollinearity was assessed. The model included self-reported sociodemographic, occupational and mental health variables. Results: Female sex, being under 41 years of age, working night or rotating shifts, recent use of psychotropic medication and symptoms of anxiety or depression were all associated with higher levels of perceived psychosocial risks. These variables explained 29.6% of the variance. Due to the cross-sectional design, no causal relationships can be inferred. Conclusions: Certain professional profiles appear to be more vulnerable to perceived psychosocial risks that are associated with their personal, occupational and health characteristics. These associations are likely to be bidirectional and context-dependent. Longitudinal research is needed to better understand causal mechanisms and to guide personalised preventive interventions.
Assessment of anxiety and fear of COVID-19 in the prison population: Psychometric properties of the AMICO_Inmates scale
(Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2025) González-Riera, Francisco Javier; Allande Cussó, Regina; López-López, Daniel; Castaño Seiquer, Antonio Luis; Macías-Toronjo, Israel; Fagundo-Rivera, Javier; Gómez‐Salgado, Juan; Enfermería; Estomatología; CTS1050: Cuidados Complejos, Cronicidad y Resultados en Salud
The COVID-19 disease has entailed a public health challenge and an increased sense of uncertainty for the prison population, who have experienced restrictions on access to social contacts, communal areas, and information for a longer and more recent period than the general population, as well as increased levels of anxiety and fear associated with the COVID-19 disease. The objective of this study was the validation of the Anxiety and Fear of COVID-19 (AMICO) Assessment Scale to measure both anxiety and fear constructs in Spanish prison inmates. A descriptive psychometric validation study was carried out. A field study was conducted to perform univariate analyses, in addition to the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of the scale. The study sample consisted of 711 subjects over 18 years of age, inmates in Spanish prisons, 14.1% of whom were women with a mean age of 40.35 years (SD = 2.62). The construct validity study reported 2 factors and 16 items, with a Cronbach alpha value of 0.95, confirmed by McDonald Omega coefficient, with a value of 0.951. The AMICO scale is a valid and reliable tool for assessing the level of anxiety and fear of COVID-19 in the Spanish adult prison population and shows high sensitivity.
The role of oxidative stress in periodontitis
(Wiley, 2025-07-17) Bullón Fernández, Pedro; Giampieri, Francesca; Bullón de la Fuente, Beatriz; Battino, Maurizio; Estomatología; CTS113: Investigación Etiología y Patogenia Periodontal, Patología Oral y Enfermedades Musculares
Periodontitis and noncommunicable diseases share an overall inflammatory state often sustained by concomitant oxidative stress as one of the main processes involved. A huge amount of literature supports such a main pathogenic process, which is also considered the therapeutic target. The attempt to control inflammation by acting on oxidative stress has given largely unsatisfactory results, either as preventive or as treatment approaches. To propose new ideas that will help in this field, the paper reviewed all physiological processes involved in oxidative stress in periodontitis. The discussion considers all of them, considering whether they come from endogenous sources, that is, all the intracellular physiological devices and/or processes that are involved in oxidative stress, such as mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomes, autophagy, and aging, or from exogenous sources, that is, the external factors that affect oxidative stress, such as nutrition, physical activity, psychological status, environmental conditions, microbiome, and drugs. The most important conclusion is that all of them should be taken into consideration in future research since we need to address oxidative stress as part of a specific biological and metabolic cellular state in a multicellular organism. To understand the cellular physiology that underlies oxidative stress and consider this point in treating each of our periodontal patients according to a specific oxidative state could be called personalized/precise oxidative stress therapy (POST) and should include the following points: (1) environmental conditions, (2) individual characteristics, and (3) oxidative state of different intracellular organelles.
Relationship between bruxism and obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review of the literature
(Mdpi; Mdpi Ag, 2025-07-15) García Doblado, Natalia; Barrera Mora, José María; Pastor Dorado, Francisco; Rodríguez Fernández, Juan Carlos; Ballestero Ordeix, Guillem; Espinar-Escalona, E.; Estomatología; CTS353: Estomatología Infantil y Ortodoncia
Background and objectives: The interest in studying the relationship between bruxism and sleep apnea has increased over the past decade, given its prevalence and its implications for both oral and overall health. Bruxism occurs in a significant portion of the population, with an overall incidence ranging between 8 and 31%. Obstructive sleep apnea affects 4–6% of middle-aged men and 2–4% of middle-aged women, and it is associated with diminished quality of life, hypertension, increased cardiovascular risks, traffic accidents, and a higher mortality rate. Although a possible association has been suggested, the causal relationship remains unclear. This review aimed to systematically evaluate the available evidence on the association between SB and OSA, focusing on potential shared risk factors and underlying mechanisms. Methods: An electronic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library for studies published between 2020 and 2025. Inclusion criteria encompassed observational studies and clinical trials involving adults with SB and/or OSA. Risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-I, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated using GRADE. The review protocol was not registered. Results: A total of 11 studies met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of SB was consistently higher in individuals with OSA compared to the general population. Several studies suggest a potential link through autonomic arousals and neurotransmitter dysregulation. However, inconsistencies in diagnostic criteria and moderate methodological quality limited the strength of the findings. Conclusions: There is a notable prevalence of bruxism in patients with OSA, suggesting possible shared pathophysiological mechanisms; however, it is necessary to standardize diagnostic criteria and conduct larger, more standardized studies to clarify the relationship. No funding was received, and the authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Evaluation of School Educators' Knowledge of Dental Injuries in Children in Riyadh City: A Survey-Based Study
(Polaris, 2024) Ribas Pérez, David; Rosmery Olivera; Mendoza Mendoza, María Asunción; Solano Mendoza, Beatriz; Estomatología; HUM561: Investigación Suroeste
The loss or displacement of teeth negatively affects children's psychological well-being, functionality, and appearance. Around 25% of children experience dental injuries while at school. Males are more likely to be injured than females, and the upper central incisors are the most frequently affected. The primary causes of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) include falls, sports, cycling, and car accidents. Children with class II division 1 malocclusion, increased overjet, and inadequate lip coverage, which fails to protect the upper front teeth, are at higher risk of trauma. Previous studies have shown that school teachers generally lack sufficient knowledge in managing TDIs. This study aimed to investigate the influence of factors such as gender, marital status, nationality, type of school, age group, location, educational background, and years of experience on teachers' awareness. This cross-sectional study was conducted using paper-based and online surveys with school teachers in Riyadh. Although the sample size calculation suggested 377 responses, 433 responses were collected to increase the accuracy of the results. The findings indicated that participants lacked appropriate training and knowledge in dental trauma management. Most of the respondents had not attended any dental trauma training courses and expressed a lack of confidence in managing oral injuries if they occurred. However, there was a strong desire to learn, as most respondents expressed interest in further education on dental trauma care.
Impact of parental knowledge on prevention risk of caries in Seville children between 6 and 14 years old, applying the CAMBRA Protocol
(MDPI, 2025-06-23) Pérez de Mora, Esther; Barrera Mora, José María; Arenas-González, Marcela; Mendoza Mendoza, María Asunción; Ribas Pérez, David; Estomatología; CTS353: Estomatología Infantil y Ortodoncia; HUM561: Investigación Suroeste
Background/Objectives: To explore the association between parental knowledge on dental caries prevention and the risk of caries in pediatric patients aged 6 to 14 years who reside in the province of Seville, using the CAMBRA preventive protocol as an assessment tool. Methods: After the approval granted by the Ethics Committee, a descriptive and analytical observational study was conducted. Caries risk was established using the CAMBRA Questionnaire, pH measurement, and salivary flow rate. To assess the socioeconomic background of the patients and their hygiene and dietary habits, parents completed two surveys: the first about the quality of the patient’s diet, and the second directly related to the CAMBRA questionnaire used and validated by the University of Seville. Results: The final study sample consisted of 300 pediatric patients, aged 6 to 14 years, of whom 54% were boys and 46% were girls. The caries risk distribution was as follows: 33% low, 7% moderate, 48.6% high, and 11.3%. A total of 61.7% of the participants live in urban areas, while 38.3% are from peri-urban regions. There is a statistically significant association between socioeconomic status and family circumstances in children with a risk of caries. Furthermore, an association was established between caries risk, dietary habits, and oral hygiene. Conclusions: Parental knowledge about dental caries prevention and caries risk in children was found to have a strong association with reduced caries risk in children.
Dental audit (I): Exact criteria of dental records; Results of a Phase-III study
(Medicina Oral S.L., 2008-07-01) Martín García, María del Pilar; Ríos-Santos, J.V.; Segura Egea, Juan José; Fernández Palacín, Ana; Bullón Fernández, Pedro; Estomatología; Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública; Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS); CTS941: Patología Dentaria, Operatoria Dental y Endodoncia; CTS312: Análisis de la Demanda Sanitaria; CTS113: Investigación Etiología y Patogenia Periodontal, Patología Oral y Enfermedades Musculares
Objective: Evaluating the quality of dental records in the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Seville (Spain). We attempted to collect and/or develop identifiable elements of dental care used to evaluate its appropriateness, as well as to measure its level of filling-in between 1999 and 2004 (Phase III of the record audit). Method: The 46 criteria used to evaluate dental care are shown, measuring —in 50 dental records randomly chosen within a 5-year-time period— their level of filling-in (Phase III of a health audit). Results: A low level of filling-in was observed in all quality criteria defined. No record was found to be free from errors. A maximum of 36 criteria out of 46 was fulfilled (mean of 20.8). Conclusions: The standard of appropriate filling-in was only met in 12 criteria (75 %), the results being poor, due to the importance which clearly deficient aspects related to diagnosis and treatment plan have in the process of patient care. For such reason, we suggest a remedial action (Phase IV) developing a new model of dental record and its subsequent re-evaluation (Phase V), which will be subject to analysis in the second part of this paper.
In vitro evaluation of the type of implant bed preparation with osteotomes in bone type IV and its influence on the stability of two implant systems
(Medicina Oral S.L., 2009-09-01) García Vives, Nuria; Andrés García, Rodrigo; Ríos-Santos, J.V.; Fernández Palacín, Ana; Bullón Fernández, Pedro; Herrero Climent, Mariano; Herrero Climent, Federico; Estomatología; Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública; CTS312: Análisis de la Demanda Sanitaria; CTS113: Investigación Etiología y Patogenia Periodontal, Patología Oral y Enfermedades Musculares
Objectives: 1) To evaluate and compare the stability of two types of implants in an animal model after preparing the implant bed with various sequences of osteotomes in bone type IV. 2) To evaluate the hypothesis of whether or not the sequence of using osteotomes influences the primary implant stability. Material and Method: We selected bone from cow ribs, which in its cross section (the most medullar area of the bone) would be equivalent to a type IV human bone. We used fifteen ribs, in which six implant beds were prepared in each rib block using different preparation protocols for seating three conical Swiss Plus SPB implants of 3.7 x 10 mm versus three MK III parallel wall implants of 4 x 10 mm.Three preparations, each with a diameter, were made for the implants, using osteotomes that progressively increased the diameter of the implant bed. In the first preparation, the complete sequence of osteotomes was used; in the second preparation, the last osteotome was left out; and in the third preparation, the implant was placed after only passing through the first osteotome. Once the implants were seated, we proceeded to evaluate the stability (Osstell® ISQ-value). The locations were randomly chosen (by a coin toss). Results and statistical analysis: We performed a statistical analysis of the ISQ values that were obtained during the different preparations carried out for the Mk III and Swiss Plus implants. The average range and standard deviation were calculated. The hypothesis was compared by a two-way variance analysis (type of implant/ different sequences of preparing the implant bed). It was considered significant for a p <0.05. The statistical results obtained for the values of the Mk III implant were significant (p = 0.042). Conclusions: The results of this in vitro study conclude that the tapered shape provides more primary stability to the implant and suggest that a short sequence of osteotomes in bone type IV provide more primary stability than the complete sequence.
In vitro evaluation of the influence of the cortical bone on the primary stability of two implant systems
(Medicina Oral S.L., 2009-02) Andrés García, Rodrigo; García Vives, Nuria; Herrero Climent, Federico; Fernández Palacín, Ana; Ríos-Santos, J.V.; Herrero Climent, Mariano; Bullón Fernández, Pedro; Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública; Estomatología; CTS312: Análisis de la Demanda Sanitaria; CTS113: Investigación, Etiología y Patogenia Periodontal, Patología Oral y Enfermedades Musculares
Aims: Immediate loading has become a predictable option for treatment, while one of the main requirements for its implementation is obtaining appropriate primary stability in implants. With that aim, conical implants are commercially available, since, according to specialized literature, they provide greater stability. One of the methods to measure implant stability which has evolved to further stages is resonance frequency analysis (RFA). In the present paper we attempt to evaluate the influence of the cortical bone on the primary stability of two implants of similar diameter and length. Study design: 15 fresh cow ribs were selected and six different implant beds were prepared in each. These preparations corresponded to two different implant systems: A Swiss Plus from Zimmer Dental® and an Mk IV from Nobel Biocare®. Two drilling protocols were used for soft bone, hard bone and bone without cortical. After preparing the beds, the implants were placed and implant primary stability was measured with the Osstell® mentor. Results: Higher ISQ (Implant Stability Quotient) values were observed for both implant systems when the cortical bone is maintained than when it is eliminated, the difference being statistically significant in the case of Mk IV implants. Conclusions: The results from this study show the importance of preserving cortical bone during drilling in order to obtain greater primary stability.
Assessment of periapical status: A comparative study using film-based periapical radiographs and digital panoramic images
(Medicina Oral S.L., 2010-11-01) Ríos-Santos, J.V.; Ridao Sacie, Cristina; Bullón Fernández, Pedro; Fernández Palacín, Ana; Segura Egea, Juan José; Estomatología; CTS113: Investigación Etiología y Patogenia Periodontal, Patología Oral y Enfermedades Musculares; CTS312: Análisis de la Demanda Sanitaria; CTS941: Patología Dentaria, Operatoria Dental y Endodoncia
Aim: To compare the use of film-based periapical radiographs and digital panoramic images displayed on monitor and glossy paper in the assessment of the periapical status of the teeth. Methodology: A total of 86 subjects were examined. All participants underwent a full-mouth radiographic survey (14 periapical radiographs) and a digital panoramic radiography. The periapical status of all appraised teeth was assessed. Results: Periapical radiographs allowed the assessment of the periapical status of a significantly higher percentage of teeth (87.4%) Digital radiography had a significantly reduced potential to allow assessment of the periapical status (p<0.01). Only 58.0% and 34.3% of teeth could be appraised using digital panoramic images displayed on monitor and glossy paper respectively (p<0.01). The total percentage of teeth with periapical pathosis was four-fold higher when assessed with digital panoramic images displayed on glossy paper compared with periapical radiographs (p<0.01). Conclusions: Periapical radiographs allowed the assessment of a significantly higher percentage of teeth when comparing to digital radiography, which had a significantly lower potency in the assessment of periapical status of the teeth. Digital panoramic images displayed on a monitor resulted in a significantly higher percentage of appraised teeth compared to digital images displayed on glossy paper. Apical periodontitis was scored more often on paper than on screen, and more often on screen than in periapical radiographs.
Los trastornos temporomandibulares en pacientes esquizofrenicos: un estudio de casos-controles
(Medicina oral S L, 2005) Velasco-Ortega, Eugenio; Monsalve Guil, Loreto; Velasco Ponferrada, María del Carmen; Medel Soteras, Francisco Ramón; Segura Egea, Juan José; Estomatología; CTS941: Patología Dentaria, Operatoria Dental y Endodoncia; CTS618: Investigación básica y clínica en implantologia oral
El objetivo del presente trabajo era valorar la prevalencia de trastornos témporomandibulares(TTM) en pacientes esquizofrénicos comparados con pacientes control. Diseño del estudio. El estudio se realizó en 50 pacientes esquizofrénicos ingresados en la Unidad de Psiquiatría del Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena de Sevilla y se compararon con 50 pacientes adultos de los que acuden a recepción de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Sevilla, excluyendo de este último grupo aquellos pacientes que presentaban alguna patología sistémica en el momento de la exploración o en los seis meses previos a ésta. En ambos grupos se valoró la presencia de trastornos témporomandibulares según el protocolo de la OMS. Resultados y Discusión. Entre los pacientes esquizofrénicos, el 32% presentaban síntomas de trastornos témporomandibulares, sobre todo chasquidos o ruidos articulares (24%) y autocorreción de la dislocación (8%); mientras que en los pacientes control, la frecuencia era del 8%, que se correspondía con ruidos articulares. Estas diferencias eran significativas, lo que confirma que los TTM son más prevalentes entre los pacientes que sufren trastornos mentales. El estudio demuestra que el estado de la ATM era independiente de la edad de los pacientes. Los hombres presentaban mayor frecuencia de TTM en ambos grupos. No existía relación entre la presencia de TTM y el estado prostodóncico de los pacientes. Los hallazgos del presente trabajo demuestran una tendencia significativa entre un mayor número medio de dientes perdidos y la frecuencia de TTM en los pacientes sanos control. Conclusiones. Los pacientes esquizofrénicos constituyen una población de riesgo para los TTM porque presentan una mayor prevalencia y severidad de los mismos.
Impact of dental aesthetics on self-esteem in students at the Polígono Sur education permanent center in Seville, Spain
(Nature Research, 2025-05-03) Fernández-Cevallos, Adriana Dayaneira; Ribas Pérez, David; Arenas-González, Marcela; El Khoury Moreno, Luis; Torrejón Martínez, Julio; Rosel Gallardo, Eva; Castaño Seiquer, Antonio Luis; Estomatología
Self-esteem is a stable characteristic that is usually maintained from adolescence to adulthood. People with high self-esteem are mentally prepared to face different challenges in their lives with great confidence. Assess the influence of dental aesthetics on self-esteem in students at the Polígono Sur Education Permanent Center. A cross-sectional descriptive study with qualitative and quantitative variables in which 92 participants from the permanent education center located in the polígono sur of the city of Seville. To identify if there was a relationship between self-perception of dental aesthetics and self-esteem, two surveys were conducted in the educational center, one of them to determine a high or low psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale, which evaluated the level of acceptance and respect that participants had for themselves. Demographic variables analyzed were gender, age, nationality, and occupation. To analyze categorical variables, contingency tables and the Pearson Chi-square test were used. Students did not have a low self-esteem in relation to a high psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics p > 0, 05 (0.069), but a high self-esteem indifferent to whether they had a high or low psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics. However, there were exceptions according to gender (p = 0.019) or nationality (p = 0.030). Self-esteem was not greatly affected by the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics in the majority of students evaluated, but it was possible to state that there was a negative impact in the male gender and also by nationality.
Prevalence of oral infections in chronic kidney disease patients: a cross-sectional study
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2024) Palmeira, Eduarda; de Liz Perez-Losada, Flor; Díaz-Flores-García, Víctor; Segura-Sampedro, Juan J.; Segura Egea, Juan José; López-López, José; Estomatología; CTS941: Patología Dentaria, Operatoria Dental y Endodoncia
Objectives: The purpose of this investigation was to analyze the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) and periodontal disease (periodontitis) (PD) in Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients in relation to their treatment phase. Subjects and methods: In this cross-sectional study, 188 patients with CKD were divided into two groups: patients without dialysis (WD group, n = 53) and patients on dialysis (DP group, n = 135). Panoramic radiographs were used to diagnose AP. The presence of periodontal disease was evaluated radiographically assessing alveolar bone loss. Student's t-test, chi-squared test, and logistic regression analysis were used to determine the significance of differences between groups. Results: In the WD group, 55% of patients had at least one tooth with AP, whereas in the DP group 67% had at least one tooth with AP (OR = 2.11; 95% CI = 1.09-4.08; p < 0.05). PD was more prevalent in the DP group (78%) than in the WD group (36%) (OR = 6.26; CI 95% = 3.13-12.52; p < 0.01). Conclusions: Oral infections are more prevalent in the advanced stages of CKD. The treatment of PD and AP should be incorporated in the treatment planning of patients with CKD.

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