Artículos (Filosofía y Lógica y Filosofía de la Ciencia)
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Artículo La estructura de la matemática en Comte y su aplicación a la astronomía(Universidad de Comillas, 2024) Luque Linero, Blanca; De Paz, María; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Filosofía y Lógica y Filosofía de la CienciaEl objetivo de este artículo es presentar la estructura de la matemática en el Cours de Philosophie Positive de Comte. A pesar de ser un autor muy influyente, cuya obra sobre sociología es ampliamente conocida, las contribuciones de Comte a la filosofía de las «ciencias duras» han sido a menudo descuidadas. La matemática, junto con su aplicación a la astronomía, ejemplifica lo que para Comte significaba el método positivo en la obtención del conocimiento, por lo que su consideración es relevante para una visión adecuada del sistema filosófico comteano. Así, esperamos contribuir a la comprensión de una de las corrientes filosóficas más significativas del siglo XIX.Artículo ¿Era verdaderamente necesario para Descartes su dualismo antropológico?(Universidad Loyola, 2025) Ortigosa Peña, Andrés; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Filosofía y Lógica y Filosofía de la CienciaLa coherencia del dualismo antropológico cartesiano entre el cuerpo y el alma es difícil de asumir desde su sistema filosófico. Por ello, en esta investigación se indaga por los motivos que le llevaron a mantenerlo. Para ello se presenta a la filosofía de Descartes como un voluntarismo que establece los límites de la razón. Luego se acude a las Meditaciones para comprobar que, aunque Descartes establezca dos entidades (cuerpo como res extensa y alma como res cogitans) también afirma que son una sola unidad. La hipótesis de esta investigación es que Descartes se enroca en su dualismo para justificar por una parte la inmortalidad del alma y, por otra parte, permitir el avance de la ciencia de su época.Artículo Derivas de la conciencia religiosa entre el romanticismo y Hegel(Universidad de Málaga, 2010) Martín Navarro, Alejandro; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Filosofía y Lógica y Filosofía de la CienciaArtículo Schiller y la teología romántica de la Historia(Universidad de Sevilla, 2011) Martín Navarro, Alejandro; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Filosofía y Lógica y Filosofía de la CienciaArtículo Whose self-sufficiency? Energy dependency in Spain from 1939(Elsevier, 2019) Camprubí Bueno, Lino; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Filosofía y Lógica y Filosofía de la CienciaAfter Civil War (1936–1939), economic scarcity and political isolation reduced Spanish energy imports to about 10%. After a decade of stagnation, Spanish economy recovered, industrialized and boomed. Without domestic resources, this process largely depended on foreign imports. This paper analyzes the different actors involved in developing the infrastructural and institutional networks that enabled those imports. While it focuses on the Francoist regime (1939–1975) it is attentive to continuities and changes with respect to prior and, particularly, later periods. The article's thesis is that, rather than assuming a homogeneous state with a unique strategy, different actors within the administration and in private industry pursued competing strategies and favored different resources–coal, hydropower, oil and nuclear and, later, natural gas and renewable energies. These actors shared a rhetoric of autarky and self-sufficiency, which they then mobilized to build their systems of domestic infrastructures and international connections. Given an increasing dependency on imports, competition between powerful state and private organizations was constantly evolving in response to altering expectations and perceptions of energy vulnerability and scarcity. Transition to democracy in 1978 and access to the EEC in 1985 led to a gradual liberalization, acquisition of infrastructures by foreign companies, and internationalization of Spanish firms. Today's diversification of imports can be seen as the result not of a unified strategy but of competing alternative strategies.Artículo La cristiandad insatisfecha. Novalis y las heterodoxias religiosas del siglo XVIII(Instituto Superior de Filosofía de Valladolid O.P., 2009) Martín Navarro, Alejandro; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Filosofía y Lógica y Filosofía de la Ciencia; Universidad de Sevilla. HUM226: Instituto de Filosofía de la Economía y Filosofía AlemanaEste artículo analiza la posición religiosa de Novalis en el marco de los distintos movimientos religiosos del siglo XVIII. Destacaremos el papel del pietismo como movimiento de reacción ante la ortodoxia luterana, y trataremos de poner de relieve la presencia de esta religiosidad en los escritos filosóficos de Novalis, especialmente en aquellos que tienen po robjeto el cristianismo. Asimismo, analizaremos el papel de otros movimientos heterodoxos cristianos en el pensamiento de este autor.Artículo Degrees of Objectivity? Mathemata and Social Objects(Springer, 2023) Ferreirós Domínguez, José Manuel; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Filosofía y Lógica y Filosofía de la Ciencia; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICINN). EspañaA down-to-earth admission of abstract objects can be based on detailed explanation of where the objectivity of mathematics comes from, and how a ‘thin’ notion of object emerges from objective mathematical discourse or practices. We offer a sketch of arguments concerning both points, as a basis for critical scrutiny of the idea that mathematical and social objects are essentially of the same kind—which is criticized. Some authors have proposed that mathematical entities are indeed institutional objects, a product of our collective imposition of function onto reality (the phrase comes from Searle) and of surrogation or hypostasis. Yet there are significant disanalogies between the typical social objects and mathemata, on which basis I argue that one should make a clear distinction between both. The comparison of mathematical with social objects helps understanding how non-physical objects can figure prominently in our explanations of reality. Yet mathematical objects have a different kind of cognitive grounding, and the more elementary of them emerge under relatively very simple sociocultural conditions. The differences are also reflected in the wide scope of use of mathematical concepts, and the much higher degree of variation found among social objects. On the basis of all of these features, I defend the thesis that one can significantly distinguish degrees of objectivity, and I use the distinction to articulate a graded ontology where one can locate the different kinds of mathematical and social objects.Artículo Beyond natural geometry: on the nature of proto-geometry(Taylor & Francis, 2020) Ferreirós Domínguez, José Manuel; García Pérez, Manuel Jesús; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Filosofía y Lógica y Filosofía de la Ciencia; Junta de Andalucía; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO). EspañaWe discuss the thesis of universality of geometric notions and offer critical reflections on the concept of “natural geometry” employed by Spelke and others. Promoting interdisciplinary work in this field, we bring in logical results and historical evidence, turning to cognitive history and cognitive archaeology in search of clarification of what basic “proto-geometry” might be. This notion is proposed as an alternative to “natural geometry.” Moreover, we highlight the role of cognitive artifacts and external representations (e.g., pictures, diagrams) in making possible the emergence of proto-geometric notions, and we end up with a tentative characterization of “proto-geometry” that underscores its differences with Euclidean geometry. Regarding universality, we suggest that a line of argument toward such a conclusion might be based on comparative historical considerations.Artículo Reconsidering Mach in the light of the interplay of practices(Faculdade de Filosofia de Braga, 2018) De Paz, María; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Filosofía y Lógica y Filosofía de la CienciaThe aim of this paper is to reconsider Mach’s position in the light of the recent approach on the interplay of mathematical practices provided by José Ferreirós’ book Mathematical Knowledge and the Interplay of Practices. In the first section the main approach of the book is presented, with a characterization of the notion of ‘scientific practice’ and the triple approach used to understand mathematical knowledge: cognitive, pragmatist and historical. In the sections 2, 3 and 4 Mach’s philosophical views are presented according to this epistemological approach. The fifth section is the conclusion.Artículo Poincaré, Le Roy, and the Nouveau positivisme(Chicago University Press, 2021) De Paz, María; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Filosofía y Lógica y Filosofía de la Ciencia; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). EspañaHenri Poincaré’s philosophy of science has been widely studied and has been related to other important scientific and philosophical figures such as Einstein, Hilbert, Helmholtz, Duhem, and even Bergson. Poincaré refers to many people in his works, but there is one name that appears repeatedly in his texts, in particular when he develops his general views on the value of science. That is Édouard Le Roy. There is a lack of secondary sources on Le Roy’s work and, when compared to Poincaré, references are usually given to Poincaré’s interpretation of his works and not to Le Roy himself. When writing on the value of science, Poincaré structures his discourse as a reply to Le Roy’s views. This paper aims at clarifying why it was so important for Poincaré to reply to Le Roy. To do that, we will discuss the figure of Le Roy in the context of the time, his philosophy (which he called nouveau positivisme), and the relation between Poincaré’s philosophical position and Le Roy’s. This will make Le Roy’s work more familiar to contemporary audiences but will also clarify some controversial aspects in Poincaré’s position.Artículo From Jurisprudence to Mechanics: Jacobi, Reech, and Poincaré on Convention(Cambridge University Press, 2018) De Paz, María; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Filosofía y Lógica y Filosofía de la Ciencia; Junta de AndalucíaThis paper aims at understanding the concept of convention in mechanics as a notion transferred from the field of jurisprudence. This enables us to clarify it as a new epistemic category having a pertinent role in the transformation of mechanics in the nineteenth century. Such understanding permits a separation from linguistic and arbitrary conventions, thus highlighting its epistemic features and not transforming fundamental principles into mere arbitrary agreements. After addressing the main references in the literature discussing the role of convention in mechanics, we analyze its classical use as a concept originating from law. Then we explain its use by Carl G. Jacobi, Ferdinand F. Reech, and J. Henri Poincaré. Here we also show how their uses conform to the features analyzed regarding conventions in jurisprudence. Finally, we try to explain how the use of this concept, among other factors, contributed to the transformation of mechanics.Artículo Poincaré on Generalizations and Facts: Construction or Translation?(Springer, 2018) De Paz, María; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Filosofía y Lógica y Filosofía de la Ciencia; Junta de AndalucíaMuch of the focus on Poincaré’s philosophy of science has been on the notion of convention, a crucial concept that has become distinctive of his position. However, other notions have received much less attention. That is the case of verifiable hypotheses. This kind of hypotheses seems to be constituted from the generalization of several observable facts. So, in order to understand what these hypotheses are, we need to know what a fact to Poincaré is. He divides facts into brute and scientific facts. The characterization of this duality is not trivial at all, and leads us to the following questions that we will discuss in this paper: (1) which the part of construction that exists in a scientific fact and which the part of translation, that is, what remains from the brute fact in the scientific one?; and (2) when we conceive a generalized hypothesis, are we supposed to do it from scientific or from brute facts? The clarification of these questions could lead to distinguish the part of construction and the part of translation in the first steps of science, which is essential to get a better understanding of Poincaré’s conception of science.Artículo From Gauss to Riemann Through Jacobi: Interactions Between the Epistemologies of Geometry and Mechanics?(Springer, 2020) De Paz, María; Ferreirós Domínguez, José Manuel; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Filosofía y Lógica y Filosofía de la Ciencia; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO). EspañaThe aim of this paper is to argue that there existed relevant interactions between mechanics and geometry during the first half of the nineteenth century, following a path that goes from Gauss to Riemann through Jacobi. By presenting a rich historical context we hope to throw light on the philosophical change of epistemological categories applied by these authors to the fundamental principles of both disciplines (which they came to regard as hypotheses or conventions). We intend to show that presentations of the changing status of the principles of mechanics as a mere epiphenomenon of the emergence of non-Euclidean geometries are inaccurate, that the relations between the two disciplines were richer than what is usually considered in the literature. These claims will be based on historical and philosophical arguments, starting from the fact that disciplinary boundaries at the time were not rigid as we are used today. It is widely known that the main figures we target worked in different areas, which is a first piece of evidence for the plausibility of our main thesis.Artículo Grassi, Ernesto. El comienzo del pensamiento moderno. Diez artículos de los años 1940 a 1943, presentación de Massimo Marassi, traducción de Jorge Navarro Pérez, Nápoles: La Città del Sole, 2023, 243 pp. [Reseña](2024) Sánchez Espillaque, Jéssica; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Filosofía y Lógica y Filosofía de la CienciaArtículo La alteridad en la construcción del sujeto. Los apócrifos machadianos(Universidad de Sevilla, 2024) Sánchez Espillaque, Jéssica; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Filosofía y Lógica y Filosofía de la CienciaPartiendo de la concepción asistemática y fragmentaria que Machado tiene de la filosofía, en este estudio se analiza la consideración antropológica del yo machadiano como una construcción “introspectiva” mediante la creación de personajes apócrifos. Con el objetivo de descubrir en la esencial heterogeneidad del ser uno de los problemas fundamentales de la filosofía machadiana. Según la cual el tiempo aparece como el horizonte de comprensión del ser (humano), haciendo que esa exploración de lo esencialmente otro nos proporcione una percepción de la realidad como algo mutable y cambiante. Semejante mutabilidad del ser dotará al hombre de la capacidad de hacerse y conocerse a través de sus otros yos.Artículo Rodríguez Valls, F., ¿Qué son las emociones?, Sevilla: Senderos, 2022, 185 pp. [Reseña](Universidad de Málaga, 2023) Ortigosa Peña, Andrés; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Filosofía y Lógica y Filosofía de la CienciaArtículo Philippe Pinel en contexto. El origen del alienismo desde la antropología filosófica(Universidad de Málaga, 2023) Ortigosa Peña, Andrés; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Filosofía y Lógica y Filosofía de la CienciaEn esta investigación presento un estudio sobre el origen del alienismo en el siglo XIX en la obra de Phillipe Pinel en su contexto. El propósito del escrito es mostrar cómo el médico francés propone el alienismo inspirado por las ideas antropológicas de su época. Tras la introducción, se realiza un breve recorrido histórico de la antropología de la modernidad para situar en contexto la obra de Pinel. Después se realiza un estudio sobre las ideas antropológicas de Pinel, que son en cierto sentido coincidentes con su periodo. Finalmente se expone cómo es que Pinel propone su célebre alienismo, situado entre el entendimiento y la vida afecta, así como la manera de curar a sus pacientes como consecuencia de su planteamiento antropológico.Artículo Greater traditionalism predicts COVID-19 precautionary behaviors across 27 societies(Springer Nature, 2023) Samore, Theodore; Fessler, Daniel M. T.; Sparks, Adam Maxwell; Holbrook, Colin; Aarøe, Lene; Baeza, Carmen Gloria; Viciana, Hugo; Wang, Xiao-Tian; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Filosofía y Lógica y Filosofía de la CienciaPeople vary both in their embrace of their society’s traditions, and in their perception of hazards as salient and necessitating a response. Over evolutionary time, traditions have offered avenues for addressing hazards, plausibly resulting in linkages between orientations toward tradition and orientations toward danger. Emerging research documents connections between traditionalism and threat responsivity, including pathogen-avoidance motivations. Additionally, because hazard-mitigating behaviors can conflict with competing priorities, associations between traditionalism and pathogen avoidance may hinge on contextually contingent tradeoffs. The COVID-19 pandemic provides a real-world test of the posited relationship between traditionalism and hazard avoidance. Across 27 societies (N = 7844), we find that, in a majority of countries, individuals’ endorsement of tradition positively correlates with their adherence to costly COVID-19-avoidance behaviors; accounting for some of the conflicts that arise between public health precautions and other objectives further strengthens this evidence that traditionalism is associated with greater attention to hazards.Artículo The ontology of coevolution beyond economic systems(Springer, 2024) Pérez Jara, Javier; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Filosofía y Lógica y Filosofía de la CienciaThis paper provides an analysis of the general ontology of coevolutionary processes. I argue that to properly understand the ontological phenomenon of coevolution, we need to move away from neophobic, flat, and substance-based ontologies and adopt a pluralist and emergentist process metaphysics that takes into account both horizontal and vertical codetermination. Following this approach, I differentiate between ontological (co)evolution in a general and specific sense. General (co)evolution can be observed in physical and chemical matter. Before the emergence of living matter, the universe evolved, achieving more ontological complexity and qualitative density. Since physical and chemical matter are made up of a complex interplay of continuities and discontinuities, physical and chemical entities and processes are multiple and codetermine each other through a dynamic complex patterning, as basically described by what the Spanish philosopher Gustavo Bueno called symploké following Plato’s Sophist. Therefore, physical and chemical evolutionary processes are more accurately described as coevolutionary processes. On the other hand, specific coevolution can be observed in the biological, social, and cultural/artificial realms. Its ontological specificity lies in the dynamic interactions of novelty, replication, and selection, which are absent in physical and chemical matter. In conclusion, I argue that rather than unnecessarily complicating our view of reality, this approach is manageable epistemologically and allows for a better understanding of dynamic codetermination in the universe, from physical matter to cultural spheres.Artículo Reseña de Di Riccio, Agnes, Ferrarin, Alfredo, Frilli, Guido y Manca, Danillo, La Psicologia di Hegel. Un commentario, Napoli: Istituto Italiano per gli Studi Filosofici Press, 2023, 357 pp., ISBN: 978-88-7723-175-8(Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Málaga, 2024) Ortigosa Peña, Andrés; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Filosofía y Lógica y Filosofía de la Ciencia