Ponencias (Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno)

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://hdl.handle.net/11441/24702

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Are minimum indoor air quality requirements combined with passive retrofit solutions enough to guarantee thermal comfort in southern Spain High Schools?
(2025) Calama-González, Carmen María; Escandón Ramírez, Rocío; Suárez, Rafael; Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Construcciones Arquitectónicas I (ETSA); TEP999: HABITAE: Habitabilidad, Acondicionamiento y Energía en Arquitectura
This study addresses the challenging research gap of assessing whether passive energy retrofit solutions are adequate for simultaneously achieving indoor air quality and thermal comfort in educational buildings, given the minimum ventilation rate required by Spanish regulations. A representative educational building is selected as case study to simulate the performance of the existing high school stock in southern Spain. Then, a multi-objective optimisation approach based on NSGA-II genetic algorithms is used for the evaluation of a range of passive energy retrofit strategies, with the aim of identifying the most effective. The findings indicate that, even though the minimum ventilation rate ensure indoor air quality, it is ineffective to maintain thermal comfort. This study highlights a clear overheating problem, especially in summer, that is aggravated when incorporating insulation to the envelope, given the high internal loads and the difficulty of heat dissipation of the envelope. It is concluded that optimising ventilation according to the seasonal period and applying higher ventilation rates than the ones established in the applicable regulations are crucial for reaching both indoor air quality and thermal comfort only considering passive retrofit solutions.
Spatio-temporal prediction surface displacement in urban underground excavation: a case study in Seville
(Scipedia, 2024) Bahri, Maziyar; Mascort-Albea, Emilio J.; Romero-Hernández, Rocío; Soriano-Cuesta, Cristina; Jaramillo-Morilla, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP018: Ingeniería del Terreno
One of the primary challenges in excavating underground in urban areas is controlling and mitigating ground surface displacement caused by Earth Pressure Balance (EPB) tunneling. It is crucial to avoid damaging historical monuments and buildings in these areas. This paper presents a new method for predicting the surface displacement caused by EPB in Seville. A spatiotemporal dataset was generated for this study using numerical simulation in FLAC3D. The simulation replicates the excavation process of the Seville metro line in real-time, and records the surface displacements at selected points in the dataset. The last 20-time steps of excavation are predicted, and the first 80-time steps are chosen for training and tuning hyperparameters, as the dataset is spatiotemporal. A recurrent neural network (RNN) is used to detect and predict patterns between surface displacement and input features at different time steps and locations of the excavation. After fine-tuning the RNN, the model achieved an accuracy of 0.91 for the evaluated R-squared (R2), indicating its practicality for real-time prediction of surface displacement in underground excavations in Seville. The model's performance can be further improved with a larger data range. By deploying it as a hazard detector, the model can issue a warning if the ground displacement exceeds the limit, thereby preventing potential hazards. This approach can help control and mitigate potential hazards in underground excavations in historical cities.
The shell structures of the Baroque
(WIT Press, 2003) Escrig Pallarés, José Felix; Compán Cardiel, Víctor Jesús; Sánchez Sánchez, José; Pérez Valcárcel, Juan; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP114: Tecnología Arquitectónica
The Baroque has been traditionally a style minimized by its tendency to decoration and its lack of the systematic. Gradually it has left demonstrating that this was a prejudice and that the architectural values were of first magnitude, comparable to the biggest landmarks of classic styles. As for the structural aspects we want to demonstrate that they overcome to as much as it was made previously by their space wealth, their economy of means and the intelligence of their solutions. Somehow they represent an antecedent of the shell architecture that so much it would make an exhibition with the Reinforced Concrete and the analytic techniques of dimensioning. With less means but with great intuition, the Baroque, invented forms of a complexity that today is still difficult to understand, at least geometrically. Paradoxically there are no investigations that help us to clarify the structural miracle of the Baroque since up to now it has been in historians' hands and not those of architects or engineers. This article tries to open the road in this unexplored field.
The SMA properties in civil engineering applications. The SMARTeR project: Use of SMA in damping of stayed cables for bridges
(EDP Sciences, 2009) Torra Ferre, Vicenç; Isalgué Buxeda, Antonio; Carreras, G.; Lovey, Francisco C.; Soul, H.; Terriault, Patrick; Zapico Blanco, Beatriz; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Šittner, Petr; Paidar, Václav; Heller, Luděk; Seiner, Hanuš; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP107: Estructuras y Geotecnia
One of the classical applications of the SMA is based on the used of the hysteresis cycle associated to the martensitic transformation (classically, described as a first order phase transition) for damping devices. For each application a detailed knowledge of the conditions to be accomplished by the material is absolutely necessary. For the stayed cables in bridges of the Iroise bridge, the oscillation frequencies are 1 and 3 Hz; and the peak to peak oscillation amplitude is close to 10 cm and, also, the SMA works in close contact with the external ambient temperature. In fact, the bridge is a 2*2 lanes free highway situated between Brest and Plougastel (France). The main requirement is related to several days of intense winds or rain associated to strong storms. The conditions imposed to the samples suggest appropriate behavior for, at least, 500000 cycles of working. The experimental analysis, centered in NiTi, is focused in 1) the fatigue life of the samples, 2) the evaluation of the Clausius-Clapeyron coefficient, 3) assuring that the degradation of the material properties remains below a safety limit in the expected time scale of application, 4) modeling the cable behavior to show the positive damping capacity of SMA and 5) studying the applications in semi-realistic scale in the ELSA-JRC (a civil engineering facility in Ispra, Italy) demonstrating the positive effect of the SMA.
The restoration of San Pedro cliff at La Alhambra
(IOS Press, 2005) Justo Alpañés, José Luis de; Saura Martínez, Juan Francisco; Vázquez-Boza, Manuel; Durand Neyra, Percy; Justo Alpañés, Enrique; Azañón Hernández, José Miguel; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno
San Pedro cliff is a dihedral 65.5 m high, which has progressed to place itself at 23.8 m from the Alhambra wall-palace that is a heritage of the Humankind. A deep research on the Tectonics of the z.one, and an insight into the topographic measurements taken during several years, has shown that active normal faults surrounding the cliff have created an extension tectonic regime that loosens the ground and activates the ground falls. One major fault coincides with one of the faces of the dihedral. The factor of safety of the cliff subject to the 100 years period earthquake is O.73. The preservation solution proposed is a post-tensioned high elastic limit wire mesh and autochthonous vegetation. With this reinforcement, the factor of safety lmder that earthquake mises to a value around one. Inthis way, the environmental impact is negligble.
Ground improvement and reinforcement in four dikes on soft soil
(International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 2005) Justo Alpañés, José Luis de; Durand Neyra, Percy; Soriano Cuesta, Cristina; Saura Martínez, Juan; Marco, José Manuel; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno
The final stretch of the Low Guadalquivir Canal includes an irrigation control pond, closed by four homogeneous embankments, three of which are placed on marshland. Figure 2 shows the final design that incorporates the following elements: a geotextile with a stiffness of 8333 kPa at the base, band shaped drains and upper sand blankets, a chimney drain and widened berms. During 1157 days measurements have been taken at topographical stakes, settlement plates, piezometers and inclinometers placed within and below the embankments. Several rheological models have been employed to interpret the measured displacements and pore pressures.
A simplified model for collapse using suction controlled tests
(Presses des Ponts, 2013) Vázquez, M.; Justo Alpañés, José Luis de; Durand Neyra, Percy; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Delage, Pierre; Desrues, Jacques; Frank, Roger; Puech, Alain; Schlosser, François
Alonso et al. (1990) have presented the most comprehensive theory for partly saturated soils. Their constitutive equations present very complex formulations that rely on a large number of parameters, which are difficult to achieve unless advanced laboratory tests are performed. This paper presents a simple model for predicting the oedometric collapse of soils compacted with low density. The model has a minimum complexity, only needs two parameters, and establishes a linear relationship between log suction and volume change for different vertical pressures, until the moment when suction reaches the field capacity; then volume change remains at a constant value. This linear relationship is controlled by the Instability Index, Ipt. Suction controlled oedometer test have been carried out, and the results agree with sufficient degree of accuracy with the proposed model.
Interrelaciones de la docencia e investigación en las estructuras arquitectónicas para cursos superiores
(2010) Escrig Pallarés, José Felix; Sánchez Sánchez, José; Cobreros Vime, Miguel Ángel; Vázquez Vicente, Enrique; Compán Cardiel, Víctor Jesús; Rodríguez-León, María Teresa; Bueno Maldonado, Rafael; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP114: Tecnología Arquitectónica
Se trata de exponer los avances obtenidos a al aplicar metodologías docentes en que se combinan los procesos de investigación que conduce este grupo de autores con los contenidos de los conocimientos que se pretende transmitir y las habilidades que proporcionan. Los alumnos se sumergen en un método en que nada se les da como inventado sino que tienen que participar en el descubrimiento.
Soil-structure interaction in the seismic vulnerability analysis of RC buildings. Application to a case study building located in southwestern Spain
(2021) Requena García de la Cruz, María Victoria; Morales Esteban, Antonio; Durand Neyra, Percy; Romero Sánchez, Emilio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Papadrakakis, M.; Fragiadakis, M.; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP107: Estructuras y Geotecnia
Most seismic vulnerability analyses do not consider the Soil-Structure Interaction (SSI). However, it has been proved that SSI does not equally affect all types of structures and all types of soils. The analysis of the state of the art reveals that SSI especially affects the performance of mid/high-rise buildings under soft/inelastic soil conditions. This leads to overestimating the capacity of buildings and to obtaining unreliable results. This paper aims to assess the soil influence in the seismic vulnerability analysis of a reinforced concrete (RC) building. Three models of a real case study building have been determined (low-rise (real), mid-rise and high-rise). A pre-code 1970s case study building, located in Huelva, has been selected. This building shares typical constructive and structural characteristics with most RC buildings constructed during that period. The 3D continuum model of the soil has been carried out to simulate its nonlinear behaviour. The most probable soil profile has been defined, observing a clayey soil. Therefore, the analyses have been performed under undrained conditions. Nonlinear static analyses have been carried out to determine the seismic capacity of the models through the finite element method (FEM). The damage has been assessed by means of the local procedure, defined in the European seismic code, and the global fragility procedure. The results have shown that the soil does not significantly influence the behaviour of low-rise buildings. However, in the case of mid- and high-rise buildings, the maximum capacity can be reduced by up to 10% and 30%, respectively.
Robust improvement of the finite-element-model updating of historical constructions via a new combinative computational algorithm
(Elsevier, 2024-04) Naranjo Pérez, Javier; Rodríguez Romero, Rubén; Pachón García, Pablo; Compán Cardiel, Víctor Jesús; Sáez Pérez, Andrés; Pavic, Aleksandar; Jiménez Alonso, Javier Fernando; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Mecánica de Medios Continuos y Teoría de Estructuras; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Andalusian Regional Government (Spain) grant number US-1381164; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain, Agencia Estatal de Investigación, Spain and FEDER, European Union grant number PID2021-127627OB-I00; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP245: Ingeniería de las Estructuras; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP114: Tecnología Arquitectónica
Finite-element-models are usually employed to simulate the behaviour of historical constructions. However, despite the high complexity of these numerical models, there are always discrepancies between the actual behaviour of the structure and the numerical predictions obtained. In order to improve their performance, an updating process can be implemented. According to this process, the value of the most relevant physical parameters of the model is adjusted to better mimic the actual behaviour of the structure. For this purpose, the actual structural behaviour is usually characterized via its experimental modal properties (natural frequencies and associated vibration modes). For practical engineering applications, the maximum likelihood method is normally considered to cope with this problem, due to its easy implementation together with an understandable interpretation of the updating results. However, the complexity of these numerical models makes unfeasible the practical implementation of the process due to the simulation time required for its computation. In order to shed some light to this problem, a new combinative computational algorithm is proposed herein. Additionally, the performance of the proposal has been assessed successfully via two applications: (i) a validation example, the model updating of a laboratory footbridge, in which the practical implementation of the algorithm has been described in detail; and (ii) a case-study, the model updating of a complex historical construction, in which the main advantage of the proposal has been highlighted, a clear reduction of the simulation time required to solve the updating problem without compromising the accuracy of the solution obtained.
Dynamic identification for structural analysis of Santa Ana church in Seville
(2019) Aguilar Valseca, Jaime; Rodríguez-León, María Teresa; Pachón García, Pablo; Vázquez Vicente, Enrique; Compán Cardiel, Víctor Jesús; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Pinto Puerto, Francisco Sebastián; Verhagen, Philip; Prieto Ibáñez, Andrés José; Ortiz Calderón, Pilar; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP114: Tecnología Arquitectónica; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP245: Ingeniería de las Estructuras
Santa Ana Church (1.266) is one of the main milestones in the heritage of Seville for being the first Christian church built outside the city walls and on the other side of the river, after the Reconquest of the city. The singularity of the geometry of its vaults together with its execution in brick and stone masonry make complex to determine the properties of materials. The impossibility of characterizing these materials by means of destructive tests leads to the application of other non-destructive technologies that allow us to approach the behavior of the numerical models to the reality performed. This paper tries to determine the mechanical properties of the materials that constitute the structure of the church of Santa Ana, which are brick and stone masonry, through analyzing its dynamic behavior with environmental vibration techniques and modal operations analysis (OMA). After having carried the campaign out using the methods of modal identification in the stochastic subspace and in the frequency domain, four vibration modes are obtained that adjust to the modal behavior of the current building, within a frequency range between 2 and 4 Hz. Initially, and thanks to new techniques such as photogrammetry, it has been possible to develop a finite element model (FEM) to analyze the structure with theoretical parameters of its materials. With this model and through the environmental vibration technical it is possible to conclude with the suitability of the application of a non-destructive method in heritage buildings to extract the mechanical properties of the materials that constitute its structure through its dynamic behavior.
Consideration of the non-linear behavior materials in the structural analysis of the church of Santa Ana in Sevilla by finit elements method
(2023) Aguilar Valseca, Jaime; Compán Cardiel, Víctor Jesús; Baeza Álvarez, Juan Ramón; Garduño Ferreras, Carlos; Pachón García, Pablo; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas II (ETSIE); Universidad de Sevilla. TEP114: Tecnología Arquitectónica; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP198: Materiales y Construcción; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP245: Ingeniería de las Estructuras
The purpose of this paper is to bring the numerical models' structural behavior closer to the real behavior of the Church of Santa Ana in Seville, in Triana, through the development of high-definition geometric models that incorporate the non-linear materials' behavior. This church is presented as a unique case study due to the geometric complexity of its vaults and the influence on the structural behavior of the constructive solution of its passable roof. A geometrical model has been developed “as i”t, adapting the various constructive solutions to the real building. The result is a ”high definition geometrical model”. To define the materials a dynamic identification campaign has been carried out using OMA (Operational Modal Analysis) that has allowed us to adjust the mechanical properties of these materials in the numerical models. Modal shapes and frequencies of vibration similar to those obtained in the environmental vibration campaign has been obtained. A first linear analysis give us an approximation and a magnitude order of the displacement levels and the stress state, and let us to locate areas that exceed the admissible level stresses of the defined materials. With these results and analyzing in situ the displacement levels using photogrammetry, we decide to implement in the numerical analysis a constitutive model that contemplates the nonlinear behavior of these materials with Concrete Damage Plasticity model in Abaqus Cae. A non-linear analysis has been performed increasin the gravity factor until the structural collapse to determinate the structural safety factor.
Meta-modelling for fast prediction of the effective elastic properties of cement mortar doped with CNT
(2023) Rodríguez Romero, Rubén; Pachón García, Pablo; Aguilar Valseca, Jaime; Baeza Álvarez, Juan Ramón; Garduño Ferreras, Carlos; Compán Cardiel, Víctor Jesús; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas II (ETSIE); Universidad de Sevilla. TEP245: Ingeniería de las Estructuras; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP114: Tecnología Arquitectónica; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP198: Materiales y Construcción
This article presents an innovative metamodeling approach for predicting the effective elastic properties of cement grouts containing carbon nanotubes (CNTs), for the purpose of structural rehabilitation. The study addresses the homogenization of nano- and micro- scales through a Representative Volume Element (RVE). The numerical model consists of a cement matrix doped with randomly oriented CNTs, yet the computational load associated with this model poses a significant processing limitation. To overcome this challenge, a metamodeling approach based on a Kriging surrogate model is proposed. This approach provides a fast and accurate alternative to bypass the timeconsuming numerical homogenization process. The surrogate model establishes a connection between the microstructural characteristics of CNTs, cement, and the effective elastic properties of the composite grouts. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed metamodel are demonstrated through detailed analyses.
Ambient vibration testing, dynamic identification, and model updating of a cultural heritage building. The church of the Royal Monastery of San Jerónimo (Granada, Spain)
(2022) Rodríguez Romero, Rubén; Pachón García, Pablo; Sáez Pérez, Andrés; Aguilar Valseca, Jaime; Compán Cardiel, Víctor Jesús; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Mecánica de Medios Continuos y Teoría de Estructuras; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP245: Ingeniería de las Estructuras; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP114: Tecnología Arquitectónica
El análisis y la evaluación de la integridad estructural del patrimonio arquitectónico de las ciudades modernas es actualmente un elemento clave para su correcta conservación. Es bien sabido que una de las principales dificultades que se pueden detectar en un análisis estructural numérico basado en modelos de elementos finitos de este tipo de edificaciones es el alto nivel de incertidumbre asociado a numerosos factores que inciden en el comportamiento de la estructura. Los cambios en las propiedades mecánicas de los materiales estructurales, la interacción suelo-estructura o incluso el proceso de construcción del edificio pueden ser la causa de grandes diferencias entre los resultados obtenidos de un análisis numérico y otros estimados experimentalmente. En este sentido, el uso de técnicas no destructivas como las pruebas de vibración ambiental y el método de análisis modal operacional están muy extendidos como proceso para identificar propiedades dinámicas de estas construcciones históricas. La actualización del modelo de elementos finitos, a partir de los parámetros dinámicos identificados experimentalmente, permite ajustar estos modelos para obtener una estimación más precisa del comportamiento de la estructura. En el presente trabajo, se describe la implementación de todas estas técnicas en la iglesia del Real Monasterio de San Jerónimo (Granada, España), una iglesia de estilo renacentista (1504) declarada Monumento Histórico Artístico en el Catálogo General del Patrimonio Histórico Andaluz por lo que tiene grado de protección como Bien de Interés Cultural. Se utilizan pruebas de vibración ambiental y el método modal operacional para obtener las frecuencias y formas modales del edificio. El proceso de actualización implica la comparación de parámetros experimentales (frecuencias naturales y formas modales) con los valores equivalentes de un modelo numérico. Una vez finalizado este proceso, se obtiene un modelo de elementos finitos con un comportamiento dinámico similar al observado en el modelo experimental.
Updating models of finite elements by modal operational analysis and genetic algorithms. Application to architectural heritage built
(2017) Chaves, Estefanía A.; Pachón García, Pablo; Compán Cardiel, Víctor Jesús; Baeza Álvarez, Juan Ramón; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas II (ETSIE); Universidad de Sevilla. TEP245: Ingeniería de las Estructuras; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP114: Tecnología Arquitectónica; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP198: Materiales y Construcción
The use of Operational Modal Analysis is establishing as an acceptable tool to estimate the dynamic properties of heritage buildings as a non‐destructive technique. Through its application, mechanical properties of structural elements, as stiffness or mass, can be obtained with great accuracy. The information obtained can be used to update finite element models, however this process is complicated due to presently it is made manually. This work wants to develop a technique which expects improve the effort and the time invert in this process. The genetic algorithms are going to be used to update tow finite element models of tow patrimonial buildings, the Pavilion of Charles V and the San Jeronimo Monastery both located in Seville, in which variables like elasticity module or boundary conditions are going to be updating in order to have a real behaviour model to carry out the structural assessment of the buildings.
Dynamic identification of historical and singular baroque vaults designed by Balthasar Neumann basilica of the fourteen holy helpers and chapel of the Wurzburg residence (Germany).
(2017) Pachón García, Pablo; Compán Cardiel, Víctor Jesús; Cámara Pérez, Margarita; Rottner, Mathias; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP245: Ingeniería de las Estructuras; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP114: Tecnología Arquitectónica
Balthasar Neumann was a German Baroque architect with a wide experience on the design and construction of geometrically singular masonry vaults. Understanding the complex behaviour of this masonry vaults appears as a fundamental aspect to ensure its proper preservation. It is well known that historical heritage has to be preserved and different technical analysis are usually necessary to achieve it. Before performing these analyses, non-destructive techniques are usually an indispensable tool to provide information about the current structural behavior of the building. The use of ambient vibration tests and operational modal analysis method are widespread as a process to identify dynamic properties of historical constructions from a global point of view, but not to identify these dynamic properties of specific elements. In this paper, these techniques are used to characterize dynamically concrete parts of the Basilica of the Fourteen Holy Helpers and Chapel of the Würzburg Residence, specifically its roofs.
Caracterización dinámica de edificaciones históricas mediante análisis modal operacional. Aplicación sobre la iglesia de Santiago (Jerez de la Frontera)
(2016) Pachón García, Pablo; Compán Cardiel, Víctor Jesús; Rodríguez-Mayorga, Esperanza; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP245: Ingeniería de las Estructuras; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP114: Tecnología Arquitectónica
Las pruebas de vibración ambiental están consolidadas desde décadas en el mundo ingenieril como uno de los principales métodos experimentales para evaluar el comportamiento dinámico de estructuras a gran escala. La excitación artificial de grandes estructuras conlleva una gran complejidad, lo que hace recurrir al análisis modal operacional (OMA) para la identificación modal de las propiedades dinámicas de la estructura. En los últimos años podemos encontrar numerosas aplicaciones de pruebas de vibración ambiental sobre construcciones históricas de fábrica. Son numerosos los factores favorables que han hecho de esta técnica una herramienta realmente útil para identificar las propiedades dinámicas de una edificación histórica. Entre ellos, el bajo coste económico que supone hacer este tipo de pruebas, la no interrupción del normal funcionamiento del edificio mientras las pruebas son realizadas y, especialmente, el hecho de ser una técnica no destructiva, factor fundamental en este tipo de construcciones. El presente estudio investiga las características dinámicas de la Iglesia de Santiago (Jerez de la Frontera), edificio de carácter gótico construido a finales del siglo XV. Tras realizar las diferentes pruebas de vibración ambiental y utilizar dos técnicas de identificación modal, seis modos de vibración fueron obtenidos en un rango de frecuencia de 0 a 10 hercios. La bondad de los resultados obtenidos fue estudiada comparando las diferencias entre las frecuencias naturales y los desplazamientos modales obtenidos. Se concluye la idoneidad del método presentado, como técnica no destructiva, para caracterizar dinámicamente edificaciones históricas de fábrica.
Predicción de la estabilidad estructural mediante Análisis Modal Operacional. Teatro Romano de Cádiz
(2013) Pachón García, Pablo; Rodríguez-Mayorga, Esperanza; Jiménez Alonso, Javier Fernando; Compán Cardiel, Víctor Jesús; Sáez Pérez, Andrés; Yanes Bustamante, Emilio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Mecánica de Medios Continuos y Teoría de Estructuras; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP245: Ingeniería de las Estructuras; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP114: Tecnología Arquitectónica
El presente artículo expone la caracterización dinámica de un grupo de edificios situados sobre el Teatro Romano de Cádiz a través de pruebas de vibración ambiental. Con los datos obtenidos de estas pruebas se calibraron los modelos de elementos finitos (EF) necesarios para realizar el control de las obras que se están ejecutando actualmente en esta área y predecir el efecto final de las mismas sobre el conjunto estructural.
Ambient vibration testing, dynamic identification and model updating of a historical building. Chapel of the Wurzburg Residence (Germany)
(2015) Pachón García, Pablo; Compán Cardiel, Víctor Jesús; Jiménez Alonso, Javier Fernando; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Mecánica de Medios Continuos y Teoría de Estructuras; Junta de Andalucía; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP245: Ingeniería de las Estructuras; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP114: Tecnología Arquitectónica
One of the main difficulties that can be detected in a historical building structural analysis is the high level of uncertainty associated with many factors affecting the behavior of the structure. Slight modifications of the mechanical properties of the structural materials, the soil-structure interaction or even the building construction process may be the cause of high changes between the results obtained from a numerical analysis and others estimated experimentally. Among the non-destructive techniques, the finite element model updating from the dynamic modal parameters identified experimentally, allows the adjustment of these models in order to obtain a more accurate estimation of behaviour of the structure. In the present paper, the implementation of this technique on the Chapel of the Würzburg Residence (Germany), one of the most important churches of the Central European Baroque has been presented. The experimental modal parameters have been estimated from the operational modal analysis of the signals measured at different points of the structure during an ambient vibration test. The correlation between the numerical and experimental modal parameters after the updating process is adequate.
Identificación de las propiedades mecánicas de la piedra de San Cristóbal mediante técnicas no destructivas
(2018) Baeza Álvarez, Juan Ramón; Compán Cardiel, Víctor Jesús; Cámara Pérez, Margarita; Pachón García, Pablo; Castillo López, Germán; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas II (ETSIE); Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estructuras de Edificación e Ingeniería del Terreno; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP198: Materiales y Construcción; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP114: Tecnología Arquitectónica; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP245: Ingeniería de las Estructuras
La alteración de la Piedra arenisca es una inquietud para los técnicos y restauradores del patrimonio histórico, ya que es la piedra base de muchos edificios de nuestro patrimonio histórico. En este trabajo nos vamos a centrar en la piedra extraída en el Cerro de San Cristóbal, situada en el Puerto de Santa María (Cádiz). Una de las características de esta piedra es un material muy degradable, que unido a las alteraciones provocadas por el paso del tiempo y por los agentes atmosféricos están poniendo en peligro parcial o totalmente algunos de los edificios históricos más importantes de nuestra región. El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en contribuir a la caracterización mecánica de la piedra del Cerro de San Cristóbal, utilizando métodos físicos y geofísicos. Para desarrollar este trabajo contamos con una serie de probetas pertenecientes a la Iglesia de Santiago de Jerez de la Frontera, las cuales se han obtenido extrayendo varios testigos en el sentido paralelo al eje de las columnas. La caracterización de sus propiedades físicas se ha centrado en la determinación de su densidad, (seca, sumergida y saturada), porosidad abierta, absorción, volumen de poros, volumen aparente, mientras que sus propiedades mecánicas se ha determinado mediante ensayos dinámicos, determinando su módulo de deformación identificando sus frecuencias naturales de vibración. Dicha campaña dinámica se ha realizado a diferentes niveles de humedad seca 0%, y saturadas al 40%, 80% y el 100%. La identificación de sus propiedades mecánicas se ha realizado basándonos en la norma UNE 14146.

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