Comparative study of the photodeposition of Pt, Au and Pd on pre-sulphated TiO2 for the photocatalytic decomposition of phenol

Abstract

A comparative study of the photodeposition of Pt, Au and Pd under the same experimental conditions onto pre-sulphated and non-sulphated TiO2 was performed. Morphological and surface characterisation of the samples as well as photocatalytic activity for phenol photooxidation was studied. The influence of sulphate pre-treatment on the deposits size and dispersion onto the TiO 2 surface, and photodeposition yields with the different metals were also analysed. The photocatalytic activity of the doped materials was then investigated, observing that catalytic behaviour can be correlated to physical characteristics of the samples determined by (XRD) X-ray diffraction, (XPS) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, (XRF) X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and (TEM) transmission electron microscopy. Sulphate pre-treatment was found to influence both the level of dispersion and the size of metal clusters on the TiO2 surface. Sulphation and metallisation of samples was found to produce a synergistic enhancement in photoactivity for the degradation of phenol. The photoactivity of the catalysts with respect to the doped metal species was ordered Pt > Pd > Au.