Impact of COVID-19 containment measures on patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal disease in the UK and Europe: the REUMAVID study (phase1)

Abstract

Objectives. The aim was to compare the impact of the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and lockdown measures on patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) in the UK and other European countries (OEC). Methods. REUMAVID was an online cross-sectional survey of seven European countries. The data collected included the following: demographics, lifestyle, employment, access to health-care services, disease-specific characteristics, the World Health Organization five well-being index (WHO-5), hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), visual analogue scale (VAS) disease activity, and the perceived acceptable symptom scale. Results. One thousand eight hundred responses were received between April and July 2020 [UK, n ¼ 558 (31.0%); OEC, n ¼ 1242 (69.0%)]. UK patients were more likely to be older [mean (S.D.): UK 58.5 (13.4) years; OEC 50.0 (12.2) years], university educated [UK n ¼ 302 (54.1%); OEC n ¼ 572 (46.1%), quit smoking [UK n ¼ 92 (59.4%); OEC n ¼ 65 (16.2%)] and continue exercise [UK, n ¼ 216 (49.2%); OEC, n ¼ 228 (33.1%)], although, conversely, alcohol consumption increased [UK n ¼ 99 (36.3%); OEC n ¼ 98 (12.1%)]. UK patients felt informed about COVID-19 (UK 72.7%, OEC 57.4%) and kept their planned rheumatology [UK n ¼ 87 (51.2%); OEC n ¼ 213 (38.6%)] and/or general practice appointments [UK n ¼ 87 (76.3%); OEC n ¼ 310 (53.9%)]. Almost half the patients with RMDs reported a decline in health and well-being, although this was less common in UK patients [UK n ¼ 214 (38.4%), OEC n ¼ 618 (50.2%)], who reported better perceived acceptable symptom scale, VAS pain and HADS scores, but worse WHO-5 scores. Conclusions. UK RMD patients performed better in the physical and mental health domains tested, possibly owing to a less restrictive lockdown and better health-care access. These findings have implications for health-care services globally in planning patient care after the COVID-19 pandemic.