dc.creator | Günalan, Elif | es |
dc.creator | Çavak, Betül Yıldırım | es |
dc.creator | Turhan, Saadet | es |
dc.creator | Cebio ̆glu, Irem Kaya | es |
dc.creator | Domínguez Herrera, Raúl | es |
dc.creator | Sánchez Oliver, Antonio Jesús | es |
dc.date.accessioned | 2023-01-27T08:11:32Z | |
dc.date.available | 2023-01-27T08:11:32Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2022 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Günalan, E., Çavak, B.Y., Turhan, S., Cebio ̆glu, I.K., Domínguez Herrera, R. y Sánchez Oliver, A.J. (2022). Dietary Supplement Use of Turkish Footballers: Differences by Sex and Competition Level. Nutrients, 14, 3863/1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14183863. | |
dc.identifier.issn | 2072-6643 | es |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/11441/141970 | |
dc.description.abstract | This study aimed to evaluate the consumption of dietary supplements (DS) and to deter-
mine related topics in Turkish football players of different sexes and competition levels. A total of
117 footballers (79 males and 38 females) completed a specific survey regarding DS consumption
in athletes. The type of DS ingested was classified based on the level of scientific evidence by the
Australian Institute of Sport (AIS): group A (high level of scientific evidence), group B (DS that
could have a positive effect, but require more evidence), group C (evidence is against their use),
and group D (prohibited substances). After a Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, a t-test or Mann–Whitney
U test was performed for quantitative variables, while Pearson’s chi-square and odds ratio (with
the confidence interval) were performed for qualitative variables. Of the sample, 87.2% reported
having consumed DS, with a higher consumption rate in males (males: 93.7%, females: 73.7%;
p = 0.006; OR = 5.3 [1.7–16.8]) and professional players (professional: 98.2%, non-professional: 77.4%;
p < 0.001; OR = 7.9 [1.2–52.3]). Males and professional players consume more sports foods (p < 0.001),
performance supplements (p < 0.001), and total group A supplements (p < 0.001) compared to females
and non-professionals. In addition, males consume more medical supplements (p = 0.012) and total
group C supplements (p < 0.001) than female footballers. The most consumed DS were sports drinks
(63.2%), magnesium (52.1%), vitamin C (51.3%), vitamin D (46.2%), caffeine (38.5%), sports bars
(37.6%), whey protein (28.2%), meat protein (25.6%), vitamin E (24.8%), and omega-3 fatty acids
(24.8%). The supplement consumption was higher in male and professional footballers. According to
the AIS classification, there were significant differences in the consumption of sports foods, medical
supplements, performance supplements, and the total number of group A and group C supplements
according to sex, and there were significant differences in the consumption of sports foods, performance
supplements, and the total number of group A supplements according to competition level | es |
dc.format | application/pdf | es |
dc.format.extent | 15 p. | es |
dc.language.iso | eng | es |
dc.publisher | MDPI | es |
dc.relation.ispartof | Nutrients, 14, 3863/1-15. | |
dc.rights | Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional | * |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ | * |
dc.subject | Dietetic | es |
dc.subject | Ergogenic aid | es |
dc.subject | Nutrition | es |
dc.subject | Sport team | es |
dc.subject | Soccer | es |
dc.title | Dietary Supplement Use of Turkish Footballers: Differences by Sex and Competition Level | es |
dc.type | info:eu-repo/semantics/article | es |
dcterms.identifier | https://ror.org/03yxnpp24 | |
dc.type.version | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion | es |
dc.rights.accessRights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | es |
dc.contributor.affiliation | Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deportivo | es |
dc.relation.publisherversion | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14183863 | es |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.3390/nu14183863 | es |
dc.journaltitle | Nutrients | es |
dc.publication.volumen | 14 | es |
dc.publication.initialPage | 3863/1 | es |
dc.publication.endPage | 15 | es |