Relationship between rescue distance and the quality of simulated CPR: a pilot study with lifeguards

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this research was to investigate if the distance travelled in a ‘rescue’ is associated with differences in the quality of the CPR provided. Methods: A group of 10 lifeguards performed simulated CPR for 2 minutes at rest. Next, they performed 2 rescues, one of 50 meters and the other of 100 meters. After each rescue, the lifeguards immediately performed simulated CPR. Results: The time invested in the rescue of 50 meters was significantly lower than in the 100 meters (P < 0.001). Simulated CPR at rest obtained high quality values in the compressions (94.8 ± 9.6%) but not in the ventilations (41.0 ± 22.8%). 50 and 100 meter rescues were associated with a significant decline in the overall quality of CPR (68.4 ± 11.0 vs. 51.0 ± 9.3 vs. 49.7 ± 7.2%, P = 0.002), correctness of hand position (100% vs. 91.0 ± 7.0 vs. 85.9 ± 12.3, P = 0.006), and in the quality of the ventilations (41.0 ± 22.8 vs. 12.0 ± 17.5 vs. 11.0 ± 12.8%, P = 0.001). The quality of the above measures was similar in 50 and 100 meter rescues. Conclusions: Rescues of 50 and 100 meters were similarly associated with a decrease in the quality of simulated CPR vs. at rest simulated CPR. Lifeguards should practice performing CPR following rescue activities with added focus on performing rescue ventilations correctly.