Radiographic differences observed following apexification vs revascularization in necrotic immature molars and incisors: a follow-up study of 18 teeth

Abstract

Purpose To evaluate the efectiveness of apexifcation versus revascularization in the treatment of necrotic immature teeth and determine which strategy afords the greatest radiological success rate. Methods An analysis was made of 18 teeth subjected to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) apical plugging and regenerative endodontic treatment, assessing healing of the apical lesions and the changes in root dimensions. Results Signifcantly greater root growth was observed with revascularization in terms of the percentage change in length (12.75% at 6 months) and dentin thickness (34.57% at 6 months) (p<0.05). There were no signifcant diferences between the two treatments in terms of the apical healing scores after 6 months of follow-up (p>0.05). Conclusion Apexifcation with an MTA apical plug and pulp regeneration are reliable treatments for non-vital immature teeth. The radiographic outcomes are comparable between the immature teeth subjected to MTA apexifcation versus those subjected to revascularization. The results of the present study indicate a greater increase in root length and width with regenerative endodontic treatment.