Diseño de un envase para alimentos sostenible, inteligente e interconectado siguiendo los principios de la cuna a la cuna y utilizando el Análisis del Ciclo de Vida para la evaluación de impactos ambientales

Abstract

El objetivo principal del presente trabajo es ayudar a combatir el desperdicio de alimentos, que es uno de los principales problemas de la industria alimentaria actual, incorporando también conceptos de sostenibilidad. Según la FDA, cada año se arrojan alrededor de 1.300 millones de toneladas de alimentos. Los alimentos se desperdician principalmente a nivel de los hogares, por lo que se elige el diseño sostenible de un envase inteligente interconectado para uso doméstico. Para lograr esto, se lleva a cabo la exploración de diferentes tecnologías, materiales, metodologías y marcos innovadores. En cuanto a los materiales, se estudió la posibilidad de utilizar plásticos biodegradables, reciclados, reciclables y bioplásticos, junto con la investigación de la tecnología inteligente a utilizar, que terminó siendo sensores. Respecto a las metodologías, el análisis del ciclo de vida (ACV) y la filosofía Cradle to Cradle (C2C) se estudian en profundidad. Los sistemas inteligentes de envasado son una opción para contribuir a minimizar el desperdicio de alimentos. El uso correcto de herramientas como el ACV, junto con los principios del C2C, y la investigación sobre materiales y tecnologías que se utilizarán pueden ayudar a los diseñadores a alcanzar una solución óptima, minimizando los impactos ambientales.

The main objective of this work is to help combat food losses in the production chain, which is one of the main problems of the food industry today, incorporating also sustainability concepts. According to the FDA each year about 1,300 million tons of food are thrown. Food is wasted mainly at household levels, which is why the choice of the sustainable design of an intelligent interconnected packaging for domestic use is made. To achieve this, the exploration of different technologies, materials, methodologies and innovative frameworks is carried out. Regarding mate-rials, the possibility of using biodegradable, recycled, recyclable and bioplastics was studied, along with the research of the intelligent technology to use, which ended up being sensors. As to methodologies, Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) and Cradle to Cradle philosophy (C2C) are studied. Intelligent packaging systems are an option to contribute to minimization of food waste. The correct use of tools such as the LCA, along with the principles of the C2C, and the research on materials and technologies to be used can help designers to reach an optimal solution, minimizing environmental impacts.

The main objective of the present work is to help combat food waste, which is one of the main problems of the food industry today, incorporating also sustainability concepts. According to the FDA each year about 1,300 million tons of food are thrown. Food is wasted mainly at household levels, which is why the choice of the sustainable design of an intelligent interconnected packaging for domestic use is made. To achieve this, the exploration of different technologies, materials, methodologies and innovative frameworks is carried out. Regarding materials, the possibility of using biodegradable, recycled, recyclable and bioplastics was studied, along with the research of the intelligent technology to use, which ended up being sensors. As to methodologies, Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) and Cradle to Cradle philosophy (C2C) are deeply studied. Intelligent packaging systems are an option to contribute to minimization of food waste. The correct use of tools such as the LCA, along with the principles of the C2C, and the research on materials and technologies to be used can help designers to reach an optimal solution, minimizing environmental impacts.