Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttps://hdl.handle.net/11441/26072

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A consortium of different Saccharomyces species enhances the content of bioactive tryptophan-derived compounds in wine fermentations
(Elsevier, 2024-03-12) Planells Cárcel, Andrés; Pérez, Cristina; García Parrilla, María del Carmen; González Ramírez, Marina; Guillamón, José Manuel; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España; Generalitat Valenciana
In recent years, the presence of molecules derived from aromatic amino acids in wines has been increasingly demonstrated to have a significant influence on wine quality and stability. In addition, interactions between different yeast species have been observed to influence these final properties. In this study, a screening of 81 yeast strains from different environments was carried out to establish a consortium that would promote the improvement of indolic compound levels in wine. Two strains, Saccharomyces uvarum and Saccharomyces eubayanus, with robust fermentative capacity were selected to be combined with a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain with a predisposition towards the production of indolic compounds. Fermentation dynamics were studied in pure cultures, co-inoculations and sequential inoculations, analysing strain interactions and end-of-fermentation characteristics. Fermentations showing significant interactions were further analyzed for the resulting indolic compounds and aroma profile, with the aim of observing potential interactions and synergies resulting from the combination of different strains in the final wine. Sequential inoculation of S. cerevisiae after S. uvarum or S. eubayanus was observed to increase indolic compound levels, particularly serotonin and 3-indoleacetic acid. This study is the first to demonstrate how the formation of microbial consortia can serve as a useful strategy to enhance compounds with interesting properties in wine, paving the way for future studies and combinations
Analytical Methods for Anatoxin-a Determination: A Review
(MDPI, 2024-04-19) Plata Calzado, Cristina; Prieto Ortega, Ana Isabel; Jos Gallego, Ángeles Mencía; Cameán Fernández, Ana María; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España
Anatoxin-a (ATX-a) is a potent neurotoxin produced by several species of cyanobacteria whose exposure can have direct consequences, including neurological disorders and death. The increasing prevalence of harmful cyanobacterial blooms makes the detection and reliable assessment of ATX-a levels essential to prevent the risk associated with public health. Therefore, the aim of this review is to compile the analytical methods developed to date for the detection and quantification of ATX-a levels alone and in mixtures with other cyanotoxins and their suitability. A classification of the analytical methods available is fundamental to make an appropriate choice according to the type of sample, the equipment available, and the required sensitivity and specificity for each specific purpose. The most widely used detection technique for the quantification of this toxin is liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The analytical methods reviewed herein focus mainly on water and cyanobacterial samples, so the need for validated analytical methods in more complex matrices (vegetables and fish) for the determination of ATX-a to assess dietary exposure to this toxin is evidenced. There is currently a trend towards the validation of multitoxin methods as opposed to single-ATX-a determination methods, which corresponds to the real situation of cyanotoxins’ confluence in nature.
Assessment of milling and the green biosolvents ethyl lactate and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2-methyloxolane) for the ultrasound-assisted extraction of carotenoids in common and phytoene-rich Dunaliella bardawil microalgae
(Elsevier, 2024-12-01) Morón Ortiz, María de los Ángeles; Mapelli Brahm, Paula; León Vaz, Antonio; Benítez González, Ana; Martín Gómez, Andrés; León, Rosa; Meléndez Martínez, Antonio Jesús; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España; European Union (UE)
This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of green solvents (ethyl lactate and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (MeTHF)) compared to conventional solvents (ethanol, methanol, and dimethyl sulfoxide) in the ultrasound-assisted extraction of carotenoids from Dunaliella bardawil. Two types of algae were evaluated, a control (common) and a phytoene-enriched algae obtained by treatment with norfluorazon. The extractions were performed on fresh, freeze-dried, and encapsulated samples, with and without ball-milling pre-treatment. The pre-treatment had no significant effect on carotenoid extraction for any of the solvents tested. The solvents that achieved the highest carotenoid yield from fresh samples were MeTHF, methanol, and ethanol (control: 2105.3, 2001.8, and 1919.1 μg/g, respectively; phytoene-rich: 3220.9, 3669.1, and 3275.0 μg/g, respectively). In freeze-dried samples, ethanol was most effective in the control strain (14337.1 μg/g), while methanol yielded the most in the phytoene-rich strain (8464.1 μg/g). For encapsulated samples, MeTHF and ethanol were the top performers (control: 421.0 and 394.0 μg/g, respectively; phytoene-rich: 186.9 and 166.4 μg/g, respectively). Overall, the green solvent MeTHF proved to be a promising alternative to traditional solvents in the food industry.
Assessment of the oxidative status in mother-child couples from Seville (Spain): A prospective cohort study
(Elsevier, 2023-10) Dahiri, Bouchra; Hinojosa, María G.; Carbonero Aguilar, María del Pilar; Cerrillos, Lucas; Ostos, Rosa; Bautista Palomas, Juan Dionisio; Moreno Navarro, Isabel María; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España
Pregnancy requires a high demand of energy, which leads to an increase of oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to assess the oxidative status in 200 couples of pregnant women-newborns at the time of delivery, for the first time, who gave birth in two University Hospitals from the province of Seville. Recruited women filled an epidemiological questionnaire with their demographic characteristics and dietary habits during pregnancy. At the time of delivery, both maternal and cord blood samples were collected. Protein oxidation, superoxide dismutase, and catalase levels were measured to assess the oxidative status of these women, together with the levels of vitamins D, B12, Zn, Se, and Cu. Our results showed a tendency for all biomarkers measured to be higher in cord blood than in maternal blood. For the correlations established between the OS markers and sociodemographic characteristics, only significant differences for carbonyl groups values were found on both maternal and cord blood, relating these higher values to the use of insecticides in the women’s homes. For newborns, only a significant correlation was detected between antioxidant enzymes and the newborn’s weight, specifically for superoxide dismutase activity. Additionally, the higher values obtained in cord blood might suggest metabolization, while a higher production of ROS and antioxidant enzymes might be required to maintain the balance. Measured levels for Se were similar in both maternal and cord blood, unlike Cu and Zn, where higher levels were found for maternal blood than cord blood, indicating a correlation between maternal Se values and SOD as OS biomarker. Furthermore, vitamin D levels were around the optimum values established, finding a relationship between vitamin D and new-born’s height, unlike for vitamin B12 values, where a correlation with maternal food consumption characteristics was established. Overall values were inside normal ranges and consistent for our population.
Comparison between pollutants found in breast milk and infant formula in the last decade: A review
(Elsevier, 2023-03-17) Martín Carrasco, I.; Moreno Navarro, Isabel María; Dahiri, Bouchra; Moreno Navarro, Isabel María; Hinojosa, M.; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España
Since ancient times, breastfeeding has been the fundamental way of nurturing the newborn. The benefits of breast milk are widely known, as it is a source of essential nutrients and provides immunological protection, as well as developmental benefits, among others. However, when breastfeeding is not possible, infant formula is the most appropriate alternative. Its composition meets the nutritional requirements of the infant, and its quality is subject to strict control by the authorities. Nonetheless, the presence of different pollutants has been detected in both matrices. Thus, the aim of the present review is to make a comparison between the findings in both breast milk and infant formula in terms of contaminants in the last decade, in order to choose the most convenient option depending on the environmental conditions. For that, the emerging pollutants including metals, chemical compounds derived from heat treatment, pharmaceutical drugs, mycotoxins, pesticides, packaging materials, and other contaminants were described. While in breast milk the most concerning contaminants found were metals and pesticides, in infant formula pollutants such as metals, mycotoxins, and packaging materials were the most outstanding. In conclusion, the convenience of using a feeding diet based on breast milk or either infant formula depends on the maternal environmental circumstances. However, it is important to take into account the immunological benefits of the breast milk compared to the infant formula, and the possibility of using breast milk in combination with infant formula when the nutritional requirements are not fulfilled only with the intake of breast milk. Therefore, more attention should be paid in terms of analyzing these conditions in each case to be able to make a proper decision, as it will vary depending on the maternal and newborn environment.
Contribution of specific volatile markers to green and ripe fruity attributes in extra virgin olive oils studied with three analytical methods
(Elsevier, 2022) Ríos-Reina, Rocío; Aparicio Ruiz, Ramón; Morales Millán, María Teresa; García González, Diego L.; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Química Analítica; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España; Junta de Andalucía; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España
An objective sensory evaluation of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), involving the chemical characterization of positive attributes, is of interest. These attributes are objectively divided, according to fruitiness, into “green” and “ripe” fruity. This work studied the differentiation in the volatile profile of EVOOs into these two classes, obtained by three analytical methods, including different extraction techniques and detectors and two data processing strategies, and their relation with sensory results. According to the results, each method allowed the characterization of the two classes, providing information on different volatile compounds, which increased in number through PARADISe software (14 more than the conventional processing). Moreover, some volatile compounds showed significant differences between the two classes, 16 highlighted by the variables with importance in projection (VIP) for green fruity (e.g. (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, methyl ether) and 23 for ripe fruity EVOOs (e.g. (Z)-2-hexen-1-ol), which could be considered as useful markers to complement quality assessment.
Effects of Pressurized Liquid Extraction with dimethyl sulfoxide on the recovery of carotenoids and other dietary valuable compounds from the microalgae Spirulina, Chlorella and Phaeodactylum tricornutum
(Elsevier, 2022-11-25) Wang, Min; Morón Ortiz, María de los Ángeles; Zhou, Jianjun; Benítez González, Ana; Mapelli Brahm, Paula; Meléndez Martínez, Antonio Jesús; Barba, Francisco J.; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal; Universidad de Valencia; Universidad de Vigo; European Union (UE). H2020; Junta de Andalucía; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España; Universidad de Sevilla. AGR225: Color y Calidad de Alimentos
The impact of pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and DMSO concentration (0, 30, 50, 100 %) on the yield of antioxidants and minerals from Chlorella were investigated. The results showed that PLE increased the antioxidant yield. Water extracted more proteins, while with 100 % DMSO more polyphenols, chlorophylls, and carotenoids were obtained. The efficiency coefficient (KPLE) results showed that PLE + 100 % DMSO was more suitable for the recovery of antioxidants and pigments from Chlorella (polyphenols 10.465 mg/g, chlorophyll a 6.206 mg/g, chlorophyll b 3.003 mg/g, carotenoids 0.971 mg/g). Thus, PLE + 100 % DMSO was used for recovery studies on Spirulina, Chlorella, and Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Fucoxanthin, β-carotene, zeaxanthin, and lutein were the major carotenoids in P. tricornutum, Spirulina, and Chlorella, respectively. Regarding the extraction of minerals, Relative Nutrient Values results were calculated based on Recommended Dietary Allowances. The results indicated that the extracts could be used as a mineral source for different populations.
Enzymatic protein hydrolysates of a residue from grape by-products industry for winemaking application: influence of the starting material and hydrolysis time
(Wiley, 2024-02-14) Mora Garrido, Ana Belén; Escudero Gilete, María Luisa; Heredia Mira, Francisco José; Cejudo Bastante, María Jesús; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España; European Commission (EC). Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)
Large quantities of defatted grape seed meal (DGSM) are discarded annually in the grape pomace industry. This residue could be exploited as a new source of non-animal protein to improve the chemical and color stabilization of red wines from warm regions. Different protein hydrolysates have been characterized, considering two different variables in their obtaining: type of raw material (DGSM from white and red grape pomaces) and hydrolysis time (1 and 4 h). The protein content of the hydrolysates, their molecular weight distribution, color, amino acid and peptide composition, and antioxidant activity were evaluated. Products obtained were mainly influenced by the type of raw material, regardless of the hydrolysis time. Hydrolysates from red DGSM displayed a higher protein content (∼67.4%) and protein yield (∼28.9%), visually perceptible (ΔE*ab > 3) lower lightness (∼23.3) and color intensity (∼13.2), and a greater variety of peptides related to red wine color stabilization. However, hydrolysates from white DGSM showed a higher amino acid content and antioxidant capacity (∼33.5 µmol TE/g, by DPPH; ∼3710.9 µmol TE/g, by ORAC). According to the results obtained, both red and white DGSM are susceptible starting materials to be selected as optimal for application in winemaking, fixing 1 h as hydrolysis time.
Impact of Pesticide Exposure among Rural and Urban Female Population. An Overview
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2021) Dahiri, Bouchra; Martín Reina, José; Carbonero-Aguilar, Pilar; Aguilera Velázquez, José Raúl; Bautista Palomas, Juan Dionisio; Moreno Navarro, Isabel María; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España; Prevent Foundation
Pesticides are substances that have become widely used in agriculture and the human exposure to these substances may cause adverse health outcomes. Non-occupational exposure to them can come from many sources, such as food or water. For occupational exposure, many studies have been conducted in men, as they have been mostly in charge of work related to these sub-stances. Nonetheless, the information available concerning the exposure in women is very scarce. In addition, an important differentiation between rural and urban areas has been established, rural areas being known as the most exposed ones due to plantation fields. However, the application of higher concentrations of herbicides in small urban areas is taking a lot of importance currently as well. Regardless of gender, the conditions of exposure, and the environment, the exposure to these pesticides can have different effects on health from early life stages, resulting in different outcomes ranging from neurodevelopmental effects in newborns to different types of cancers. In this review, we discussed the toxicity of the most commonly used pesticides and the main impact on the health of the general population, focusing mainly on the effect in women from both rural and urban areas, and the different stages of development, from pregnancy or lactation to the outcomes of these exposures for their children.
Microalgae, seaweeds and aquatic bacteria, archaea, and yeasts: sources of carotenoids with potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory health-promoting actions in the sustainability era.
(MDPI, 2023-06-01) Mapelli Brahm, Paula; Gómez Villegas, Patricia; Gonda, Mariana Lourdes; León Vaz, Antonio; León, Rosa; Mildenberger, Jennifer; Meléndez Martínez, Antonio Jesús; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Bioquímica Vegetal y Biología Molecular; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España; Junta de Andalucía; European Commission (EC). Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER); Universidad de Sevilla. AGR225: Color y Calidad de Alimentos
Carotenoids are a large group of health-promoting compounds used in many industrial sectors, such as foods, feeds, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, nutraceuticals, and colorants. Considering the global population growth and environmental challenges, it is essential to find new sustainable sources of carotenoids beyond those obtained from agriculture. This review focuses on the potential use of marine archaea, bacteria, algae, and yeast as biological factories of carotenoids. A wide variety of carotenoids, including novel ones, were identified in these organisms. The role of carotenoids in marine organisms and their potential health-promoting actions have also been discussed. Marine organisms have a great capacity to synthesize a wide variety of carotenoids, which can be obtained in a renewable manner without depleting natural resources. Thus, it is concluded that they represent a key sustainable source of carotenoids that could help Europe achieve its Green Deal and Recovery Plan. Additionally, the lack of standards, clinical studies, and toxicity analysis reduces the use of marine organisms as sources of traditional and novel carotenoids. Therefore, further research on the processing of marine organisms, the biosynthetic pathways, extraction procedures, and examination of their content is needed to increase carotenoid productivity, document their safety, and decrease costs for their industrial implementation.
Monitoring of Metals and Metalloids from Maternal and Cord Blood Samples in a Population from Seville (Spain)
(Elsevier, 2023) Dahiri, Bouchra; Martín Carrasco, Irene; Carbonero Aguilar, María del Pilar; Cerrillos, Lucas; Ostos, Rosa; Fernández Palacín, Ana; Bautista Palomas, Juan Dionisio; Moreno Navarro, Isabel María; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España
Nowadays there is an increasing concern about exposition during prenatal stage to environmental pollutants such as metals, that make pregnant women a vulnerable group of population. Numerous studies have shown associations between the prenatal exposition to some metals and an impact on cognitive, motor and intellectual development of the child. Metals and metalloid are ubiquitous in the environment and pregnant women are exposed to them though their diet, lifestyle factors or occupational and environmental sources. One hundred of maternal and one hundred of cord blood samples were obtained at delivery from pregnant women after signing of the informed consent to determine simultaneously levels of Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se and Zn by ICP-MS. Among these metals, essential ones (Cu, Mn, Se and Zn) can have health beneficial effects at low levels, however, in high concentration are potentially toxic. On the other hand, elements such as Al, As, Cd, Hg, Pb are classified as toxic metals, no matter what its concentration was. The aim of this study was to find the potential relationships between these metals and metalloid levels, newborn's parameters, pregnancy details and the epidemiologic information obtained using a questionnaire data from the participant pregnant women from Seville (Spain). A n = 100 of participants have been enrolled, 15.6 % of the women from Virgen del Rocio Hospital were smokers during pregnancy but only 11.1 % from Virgen de Valme had the habit. Dietary habits of all participants from both hospital were quite similar in average rice, fish and canned food consumption. The characteristics of newborns were also quite similar for both hospitals. A positive correlation between maternal and cord blood was found between all metals except for Cr and Cu. The strongest correlation was found for Hg (r = 0.779, p < 0.005). Positive but weaker correlations between maternal blood and lifestyle habits were also established.
Niveles de vitamina D en sangre materna y su relación con el consumo de pescado y los parámetros antropométricos de los recién nacidos en una cohorte de parejas madre/hijos de Sevilla
(Elsevier, 2023-09) Dahiri, Bouchra; Carbonero Aguilar, María del Pilar; Martín Carrasco, Irene; Carrillo, R.; Flórez, N.; Cerrillos, Lucas; Ostos, Rosa; Bautista Palomas, Juan Dionisio; Moreno Navarro, Isabel María; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España
Introducción Comparar los niveles de vitamina D maternos con la zona de residencia o el consumo de pescado, así como su relación con el peso, la longitud y el perímetro craneal de los bebés. Materiales y métodos Cohorte de 100 parejas madre-hijo (n = 100) de la provincia de Sevilla (Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío y Hospital Universitario de Valme). En muestras de sangre materna (edad gestacional ≥ 40 semanas) se han medido los niveles de 25(OH)D mediante quimioluminiscencia. Las medidas antropométricas de los bebés se realizaron mediante métodos estándares. Resultados Con relación a los niveles de vitamina D, 54% presentaban valores deficientes, 26% insuficientes y 20% valores suficientes. Tras un análisis de regresión múltiple, se observa que no hay diferencia significativa entre niveles de vitamina D maternos, la longitud y el perímetro cefálico de los bebés, sin embargo, sí con el peso al nacer (p < 0,05). Al aplicarse la T-Student y el test Wilcoxon, no hay relación entre niveles de vitamina D y el área de residencia ni con el consumo de pescado materno (ambos p > 0,05). Conclusiones El 80% de madres presentan valores deficientes e insuficientes de vitamina D. No hay correlación entre este parámetro y la longitud y perímetro cefálico del bebé, observándose correlación negativa con el peso al nacer. Tampoco se observa correlación entre la zona de residencia o el consumo de pescado y niveles de vitamina D en madres. Sugerimos complementos en dieta de madres gestantes y seguimiento de los niveles de vitamina D en los bebés.
Optimisation of the methodology for obtaining enzymatic protein hydrolysates from an industrial grape seed meal residue
(Elsevier, 2021) Cejudo Bastante, María Jesús; Oliva Sobrado, Melanie; González-Miret Martín, María Lourdes; Heredia Mira, Francisco José; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal; European Commission (EC). Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España
The grape pomace industry produces large quantities of protein-rich seeds, which can be a sustainable nonanimal protein source; their techno-functional properties could be exploited to improve the colour stabilisation and modulating the astringency of red wines in warm climates. This study aims to optimise the methodology of obtaining protein hydrolysates from defatted grape seed meal residue. Five assays using different quantities of enzyme and raw materials were considered. Based on the protein purity, hydrolysates yield, colour and molecular weight distribution achieved, optimal conditions were the hydrolysis of the alkaline protein concentrate with the highest amount of enzyme. The products obtained showed the lowest colour parameters, with the lightness contributing the most to the colour differences, which were visually perceptible (ΔE*ab > 3). The hydrophobic amino acids remained within the peptide sequence, leaving polar and charged amino acids in terminal positions, which could affect the wine equilibrium related to colour stabilisation.
Preliminary Assessment of the Protective and Antitumor Effects of Several Phytoene-Containing Bacterial and Microalgal Extracts in Colorectal Cancer
(MDPI, 2024-10-22) Perazzoli, Gloria; Luque, Cristina; León Vaz, Antonio; Gómez Villegas, Patricia; Rengel, Rocío; Molina-Márquez, Ana; Morón Ortiz, María de los Ángeles; Mapelli Brahm, Paula; Prados, José; Melguizo, Consolación; Meléndez Martínez, Antonio Jesús; León, Rosa; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICINN). España; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España; European Union (UE)
The identification of new functional food constituents is a priority to improve the prognosis and prevention of colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, several bacterial and algal phytoene-enriched extracts were obtained, and their potential activity against oxidative damage and their ability to inhibit proliferation and cell migration in several human colon-adenocarcinoma-derived cell lines were assessed. The main conclusions indicate that total extracts of Sphingomonas echinoides and Chlorella sorokiniana exhibited the highest protective effect against oxidative damage. All extracts enhanced the activity of detoxifying enzymes, particularly importantly the increase of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase activity, which reached a value 40% higher than that of untreated control cells upon exposure to Escherichia coli extracts. Staphylococcus haemolyticus and transgenic E. coli extracts significantly arrested the migration capacity of both cell lines, while S. haemolyticus and C. sorokiniana extracts inhibited cell proliferation by 15 to 20% compared to untreated cells. These results point to these extracts as potential antioxidant complements able to protect cells against oxidative damage and with a moderate ability to inhibit the proliferation and migration of CRC tumor cells, paving the way to design functional foods or probiotic formulations with preventive properties against oxidative stress-related diseases, such as cancer, or as starting point for purifying anticancer compounds.
The Production of Bioactive Hydroxytyrosol in Fermented Beverages: The Role of Must Composition and a Genetically Modified Yeast Strain
(MDPI, 2024-04) González Ramírez, Marina; Gallardo Fernández, Marta; Cerezo López, Ana Belén; Bisquert, Ricardo; Valero, Eva; Troncoso González, Ana María; García Parrilla, María del Carmen; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España; European Commission (EC). Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER); Junta de Andalucía
Hydroxytyrosol (HT) is a well-known compound for its bioactive properties. It is naturally present in olives, olive oil, and wine. Its presence in wines is partly due to its production during alcoholic fermentation by yeast through a hydroxylation of tyrosol formed through the Ehrlich pathway. This work aims to explore the influence of yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN) and glucose content as precursors of HT formation during alcoholic fermentation. Commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae QA23 and its metabolically engineered strain were used to ferment synthetic must. Each strain was tested at two different YAN concentrations (210 and 300 mg L−1) and two glucose concentrations (100 and 240 g L−1). This work confirms that the less YAN and the more glucose, the higher the HT content, with fermentations carried out with the metabolically engineered strain being the ones with the highest HT content (0.6 mg L−1).
Validation of a simple method for the determination of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in human urine by UPLC-MS/MS
(Elsevier, 2021) Martín Reina, Jose; Dahiri Khattabi, Bouchra; Carbonero Aguilar, María del Pilar; Soria Díaz, María Eugenia; González González, Antonio Gustavo; Bautista Palomas, Juan Dionisio; Moreno Navarro, Isabel María; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Química Analítica; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Bioquímica Vegetal y Biología Molecular; Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España; Prevent Foundation
Environmental pollutants such as pesticides can be detrimental to human health and/or to the environment. Their excessive use may produce toxicity through various mechanisms. Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum herbicide with a high worldwide distribution. Due to this, this chemical is classified as a ‘Group 2A – probably carcinogenic to humans’ by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Human biomonitoring is considered the golden standard for exposure assessment and provides a very useful tool in public health. Therefore, it is important to develop methods to determine traces of this herbicide and its metabolite, aminomethyl phosphonic acid, in human biological samples. A new method for glyphosate and aminomethyl phosphonic acid determination in human urine is herein described and discussed. It is based on the derivatization procedure with Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl chloride and quantification by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The method was optimized and suitably validated, with a linear range from 1 to 20 µg L−1 in the case of glyphosate and 0.5–20 µg L−1 for aminomethyl phosphonic acid. Limits of detection and quantification were 0.5 and 1 µg L−1 for glyphosate and 0.1 and 0.5 µg L−1 for aminomethyl phosphonic acid, respectively. Mean relative recoveries ranged 108–109% for glyphosate and 104–119% for aminomethyl phosphonic acid and intermediate precision values varied from 11.90 to 12.70% for glyphosate and 4.8–9% for aminomethyl phosphonic acid. The validated method has been applied in human urine from female farmers indirectly exposed to pesticides. This procedure can be used to monitor potential exposure of humans to glyphosate and aminomethyl phosphonic acid in epidemiological studies and for routine controls in public health.

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Examinando Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal por Agencia financiadora "Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España"