Artículos (Educación Física y Deporte)

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Effects of non‑supervised exercise interventions on bone mineral density in adult women: a systematic review and meta‑analysis
(Springer, 2022) Sanchez Trigo, Horacio; Rittweger, Joern; Sañudo Corrales, Francisco de Borja; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte; Universidad de Sevilla. CTS972: Análisis Biológico y Funcional del Ejercicio Físico
Prevention programs on bone mineral density. Non-supervised exercise increases femoral neck and lumbar spine bone mineral density in adult women. Thus, it might be effective for preventing or treating osteoporosis or osteopenia in this population. Introduction Osteoporosis is a major health issue worldwide. Social distancing measures due to COVID-19 have hindered the chances to take part in supervised osteoporosis prevention exercise programs. The purpose of the present study is to systematically review and meta-analyze the effects of non-supervised osteoporosis prevention exercise programs on bone mineral density (BMD) in adult women. Methods A comprehensive search of electronic databases (n = 7) was conducted including (a) prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing at least one exercise group vs. a control group with sedentary lifestyle or sham exercises; (b) baseline and follow-up BMD values, or BMD changes from baseline, at any skeletal site; (c) women over 30 years old; and (d) non-supervised exercise programs only. Subgroup analyses were performed for menopausal status, intervention duration, type of exercise, and osteopenia/osteoporosis status. Results Ten studies were included (n = 668). Random effect analyses showed that unsupervised exercise had beneficial effects on lumbar spine (LS) BMD with standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.40 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.03–0.77), and femoral neck (FN) BMD with SMD = 0.51 (95% CI: 0.16–0.85). Unsupervised exercise increased LS (SMD = 0.73 (95% CI: 0.13–1.33)) and FN BMD (SMD = 0.85 (95% CI: 0.33–1.37)) in women with osteopenia/osteoporosis, but not in healthy counterparts. Conclusion Non-supervised exercise improves FN and LS BMD in adult women. Beneficial effects of exercise on FN and LS BMD might be more pronounced in those with poor bone health compared with healthy counterparts. More RCTs prescribing non-supervised, osteogenic exercise are required in this population. It is necessary to investigate the efficacy of remote/ assistive technologies for delivering and monitoring non-supervised exercise interventions
Physical activity and physical fitness in children and their relationship on body fat
(Universidad de Alicante, 2023) Chacón Borrego, Fátima; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte; Universidad de Sevilla. HUM-1055: Epidemiology of Physical Activity and Fitness Across Lifespan
Low levels of physical activity and physical fitness are risk factors of obesity and cardiovascular disease from childhood to adulthood. According to several studies, inactivity increases with the age of the school students. In Spain, according to results of the 2018 Report, only 34% of boys and 27% of girls aged 3 to 14 are active. This study aimed to compare differences between genders in body composition and PA; to analyse the relationship between the variables studied. Methods: This study used a non-experimental research design. PAQ-C questionnaire and ALPHA-Fitness tests were used. Descriptive analysis, correlation and linear regression gave the following results: boys had better scores in PA, and worse in BF percentage. PA in boys is related to aerobic capacity (r = 0.426, p < .01), BMI and BF (r = -0.368, and -0.323, p < .01 respectively). BF variability in boys (R2 = 0.35) is determined by aerobic capacity (t = -4.161; p < .01) and lower-body explosive strength (t = -3.832; p < .01). Findings show an association between PA and the elements of PF studied, and an explanatory model of body fat based on aerobic capacity and lower-body explosive strength in boys
Using tensiomyography to assess changes in knee muscle contraction properties after concentric and eccentric fatiguing muscle actions
(Wolter Kluwer, 2020) Muñoz López, Alejandro; Hoyo Lora, Moisés del; Nuñez, Francisco J.; Sañudo Corrales, Francisco de Borja; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deportivo; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte; Universidad de Sevilla. Análisis biológico y funcional del ejercicio físico - CTS-972
Using tensiomyography to assess changes in knee muscle contraction properties after concentric and eccentric fatiguing muscle actions. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2020—The purposes of this study were to analyze the effects of different types of muscle contraction (concentric and eccentric) on the passive muscular contraction properties of knee muscles and how muscle contraction can affect the muscles in different knee functions. In total, 23 active healthy men (age: 24.65 6 1.95 years, height: 1.78 6 0.05 m, mass: 75.33 6 8.37 kg) participated in this study. Muscle soreness, muscle contractile properties assessed with tensiomyography (TMG) (vastus lateralis [VL] and biceps femoris [BF]), and isometric peak torque were tested before and immediately after 32 maximal repetitions of an isokinetic leg extension and flexion exercise at 180° per second. Muscle contractions were randomized to each subject’s leg. From the TMG variables, only contraction velocity showed significant interactions in time 3 muscle 3 contraction (p 5 0.046; partial h2 p 5 0.19). A greater reduction was observed in the BF (229.03%) than in the VL (221.25%). There was a significant decrease in contraction velocity after concentric p , 0.001, d 5 1.18) and eccentric (p 5 0.007, d 5 0.51) exercise for the BF, while for VL, a decrease was only observed after concentric exercise (p 5 0.007, d 5 0.66). The leg extension exercise showed reductions in the isokinetic peak torque (p , 0.001; partial h2 p 5 0.83). Isometric peak torque (p , 0.001; partial h2 p 5 0.80) and muscle soreness (p , 0.001; partial h2 p 5 0.70) decreased after exercise. In conclusion, muscle mechanical properties were differently affected in relation to the muscle contraction and knee muscles involved, after a fatiguing leg extension isokinetic exercise. Isometric peak torque and muscle soreness were also reduced immediately after exercise. These results are particularly important to understand how TMG parameters are modified depending on the type of contraction
Pilot Study Assessing the Influence of Skin Type on the Heart Rate Measurements Obtained by Photoplethysmography with the Apple Watch
(Springer, 2019) Sañudo Corrales, Francisco de Borja; Hoyo Lora, Moisés del; Muñoz López, Alejandro; Perry, John; Abt, Grant; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte; Universidad de Sevilla. CTS972: Análisis Biológico y Funcional del Ejercicio Físico
Photoplethysmographic imaging (PPG) is currently used to measure heart rate (HR) and the accuracy of PPG can be influenced 14 by pigmentation of the skin; however, the effects of skin color-related artifacts on PPG during exercise remain unclear. This study 15 aimed to assess the agreement between the AppleWatch photoplethysmography sensor and a criterion, for measuring heart rate 16 across a range of intensities during exercise and to determine the influence of skin type on the accuracy of themeasure. Forty-five 17 males (20–43 y) completed the Fitzpatrick Skin Scale and were classified into three different skin type groups: a) types II (n = 15), 18 III (n = 15) and IV (n = 15). Participants performed a graded incremental cycle-ergometer test while simultaneously wearing the 19 Apple Watch and a Polar monitor as a criterion measure. Data from both devices were collected in 5-s epochs. Correlations 20 between devices were very good (0.96–0.99 [95%CI: 0.94 to 0.99]). Significant differences were observed between skin types II 21 and III when the intensity of the exercise was increased, albeit with trivial to small effect sizes (ES: 0.05 to 0.28). All significant 22 differences corresponded to <2% of relative difference between both devices. Bland-Altman analyses showed a trivial but 23 systematic underestimation of HR in the Apple Watch compared to Polar for all skin types during exercise. In conclusion, the 24 Apple Watch accurately measures HR when cycling at different intensities and certain types of skin seem not to influence these 25 measures, which may have important implications for controlling the intensity of exercise.
Is the Wii balance board a valid and reliable instrument to assess postural stability in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus?
(Elsevier, 2020) Álvarez Barbosa, Francisco; Pozo Cruz, Jesús del; Sañudo Corrales, Francisco de Borja; Alfonso Rosa, Rosa Mª; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte; Universidad de Sevilla. HUM-1055: Epidemiology of Physical Activity and Fitness Across Lifespan; Universidad de Sevilla. CTS-972: Análisis biológico y funcional del ejercicio físico
Aims: Evaluate the validity and reliability of the data from the Wii balance board (WBB), against a force platform (FP) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Forty-three adults with T2DM (age 62.1 ± 12.1 yrs) in the validity trial and 27 (age 63.5 ± 10.8 yrs) in the reliability study, were tested. Total COP area (mm) and range of antero-posterior (AP) and medio-lateral (ML) COP excursion were collected simultaneously on a FP and a WBB. Results: Mean CoP sway path values were similar in all conditions in the FP when compared with the WBB. Regression model shows that WBB is able to explain most of the variation in CoP sway path data of the FP (between 42 and 72%) for all testing conditions, indicating that the WBB has good concurrent validity. Test–retest reliability for WBB was excellent, except for the COP sway area in the ‘eyes open’ condition (ICC = 0.55). Both conditions showed modest to excellent reliability in the AP (0.73–0.90) and the ML (0.77–0.91) directions. Conclusion: the WBB has been shown to be a valid and reliable method to quantify the COP displacement during different balance tests in older adults with T2DM
Effects of an mHealth physical activity intervention to prevent osteoporosis in premenopausal women. A randomized controlled trial
(Elsevier, 2023) Sánchez Trigo, Horacio; Maher, Carol; Godino, Job G; Sañudo Corrales, Francisco de Borja; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte; Universidad de Sevilla. CTS972: Análisis Biológico y Funcional del Ejercicio Físico
Objective: It is critical to develop prevention strategies for osteoporosis that reduce the burden fractures place on individuals and health systems. This study evaluated the effects of an mHealth intervention that delivered and monitored a non-supervised exercise program on bone mineral density (BMD). Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: 60 premenopausal women aged 35-50 years were divided into an intervention group (IG) and a control group (CG). The IG followed a 6-month intervention aimed at increasing osteogenic physical activity, guided by two daily goals: walking at least 10,000 steps and completing 60 impacts over 4g of acceleration. These goals were monitored using a wearable accelerometer linked to an mHealth app. The CG maintained their regular lifestyle and wore the accelerometer without feedback. BMD was estimated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans at baseline and after 6 months, with group-by-time analyses conducted using ANCOVA. The intervention's impact on physical fitness and activity habits were also evaluated. Results: 46 participants completed the study (IG=24; CG=22). The IG showed significant improvements compared to the CG in femoral neck BMD (IG:+0.003±0.029 g/cm2 vs CG:-0.027±0.031 g/cm2), trochanter BMD (IG:+0.004±0.023 g/cm2 vs CG:- 0.026±0.030 g/cm2), and total hip BMD (IG:+0.006±0.043 g/cm2 vs CG:-0.040±0.048 g/cm2). The IG also demonstrated significant improvements in physical fitness measures, including peak torque and power at various speeds and positions. No adverse events related to the intervention were reported. Conclusions: This non-supervised physical activity intervention delivered by wearabletechnology and an mHealth app was effective in improving BMD, suggesting its potential for osteoporosis prevention.
Does ‘What Works’ Work? The Quest for the Holy Grail in Physical Education
(International Society for Comparative Physical Education and Sport, 2024) Peter Bailey, Richard; Samsudin, Nadia; Salarzadeh Jenatabadi, Hashem; Razak, Rogayah A ; Ries, Francis; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte; Universidad de Sevilla. HUM-962: Sport and Physical Activity from a Multidisciplinary Perspective
The ‘What Works’ agenda within education has become popular for its focus on accountability through data, advancing the aim of developing tangible principles to improve student performance. Nevertheless, this strategy has also been criticised for seeking to define education and missing key social, emotional, and developmental issues, often narrowly. This narrative review attempts to put in perspective the use of the agenda in physical education and to combine evidence to assess its claims and shortcomings. The main conclusions suggest a dilemma in pedagogical practice between paying attention to a narrow definition of students’ success in terms of physical fitness and motor skills acquisition and all the other central goals, including individual improvement, societal change, and interest in engaging in physical activity throughout life. This review takes a step towards identifying solutions to various issues in physical education by addressing evidence-based approaches and the need for interdependency with educational aims, improving the effectiveness of physical education towards students’ health and well being
Whole-body vibration to improve physical function parameters in nursing home residents older than 80 years: a systematic review with meta-analysis
(Amer Phisical Therapy Assoc. Oxford Univ. Press. Inc., 2024) Sañudo Corrales, Francisco de Borja; Reverte Pagola, Gonzalo; Seixas, Adérito; Masud, Tahir; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte; Universidad de Sevilla. CTS972: Análisis Biológico y Funcional del Ejercicio Físico
Objective. Loss of functional independence is more likely in older adults who reside in an institution as a consequence of a decline in muscle mass and a loss of force production capacity. The aim of this review was to assess the effect of whole-body vibration (WBV) interventions on the strength, balance, and mobility of nursing home residents older than 80 years. Methods. An electronic search in MEDLINE, Scopus, and CINAHL databases was conducted. Randomized controlled trials that involved nursing home residents older than 80 years, that investigated WBV interventions compared with nonintervention, usual care, or placebo, and that measured physical function outcomes including strength, balance, gait, and mobility were included. Risk of bias was assessed by 2 reviewers using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. The standardized mean differences (SMD) between the experimental and control groups were calculated with a random-effects model for each outcome, and subgroup analysis was conducted for different outcomes. Results. In total, 2864 articles were identified; of these, 14 randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. The metaanalysis revealed that WBV significantly increased the lower limb muscle strength (SMD=0.59; 95% CI=0.16 to 1.03), mobility (SMD=0.45; 95% CI=0.10 to 0.81), gait score (SMD=0.26; 95% CI=0.01 to 0.51), balance (SMD=0.41; 95% CI=0.01 to 0.81), and physical performance (SMD=1.33; 95% CI=0.33 to 2.33). Conclusion. WBV may be an effective intervention to improve the strength, balance, mobility, walking ability, and physical performance of older nursing home residents. Impact. WBV presents a safe, accessible alternative for improving health in this vulnerable population, warranting further research and integration into health care practices.
¡Por una buena higiene vertebral desde la escuela!
(Revista Digital, 2004) Lasaga Rodríguez, María José; Peña García, Javier; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte
El siguiente artículo intenta ofrecer una visión clara y concisa de la importancia de una buena higiene vertebral. Para ello se presenta una breve descripción anatómica de la columna vertebral, seguida de la importancia del trabajo de hábitos en las primeras edades y el papel que en ello juega el profesor o maestro especialista de Educación Física, finalizando con unas líneas de actuación, dirigidas tanto a los sujetos que poseen alguna patología o quieren prevenirla, como a los educadores físicos, al poseer estos un campo de actuación bastante influyente en estos casos.
Does sexuality play in the stadium? Climate of tolerance/rejection towards sexual diversity among soccer players in Spain
(Frank Cass, 2020) Vélez, Luisa; Piedra de la Cuadra, Joaquín; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte; Universidad de Sevilla. HUM-1059: Enfoque Crítico del Deporte - Critical Approach on Sport
Traditionally, sport has been an environment of discrimination and hostility towards diverse sexual orientations. Yet, recent studies with young athletes signal greater tolerance towards this phenomenon in sport. The acceptance of sexual diversity in sport remains understudied in Spain. This study sought to understand if Spanish sport presents Eric Anderson’s classification of attitudes that are more or less tolerant of sexual diversity. For this, a convenience sample of 279 Spanish soccer players (90.7% males; 9.3% females) was used. Attitudes were measured in an experimental form with the SDS – Attitude Scale towards Sexual Diversity in Sport questionnaire. Results demonstrate medium levels of rejection towards sexual diversity. The data generated by this study can help sport managers implement sensible and effective measures with the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender community to ameliorate discrimination in soccer
El colectivo LGTBI en el deporte como objeto de investigación sociológica. Estado de la cuestión
(Federacion Española de Sociologia, 2019) Sánchez Moscoso, David; Piedra de la Cuadra, Joaquín; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte; Universidad de Sevilla. HUM-1059: Enfoque Crítico del Deporte - Critical Approach on Sport
El deporte ha sido históricamente un lugar de do minación masculina, reservado a un único colec tivo: los hombres que cumplen con los requisitos de lo que Connell (1995) denomina masculinidad hegemónica (heterosexualidad, desarrollo físico, poca afectividad). Dicha dominación explica la es casa participación de las mujeres y el rechazo de la homosexualidad en la práctica deportiva. A pesar del cambio social experimentado en las sociedades avanzadas, el deporte sigue siendo uno de los pila res más acentuados de la dominación androcéntri ca, con gran hostilidad hacia la presencia de gays y lesbianas en sus espacios de práctica, determi nando estructural y simbólicamente la institución deportiva. Este artículo analiza el estado de la cuestión de la historia del deporte homosexual, los avances legislativos y normativos, y las principa les líneas de investigación que desde las ciencias sociales se han desarrollado hasta nuestros días
La perspectiva de género en sociología del deporte en España: presente y futuro
(Federacion Española de Sociologia, 2019) Piedra de la Cuadra, Joaquín; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte; Universidad de Sevilla. HUM-1059: Enfoque Crítico del Deporte - Critical Approach on Sport
El interés de la sociología del deporte por la situa ción de las mujeres ha ido creciendo en las últi mas décadas en nuestro país. La inclusión de la perspectiva de género en los estudios sociales ha permitido, no solo comprender mejor la realidad deportiva, sino también denunciar las injusticias existentes. Así, el desarrollo científico en la socio logía del deporte ha conducido a una multiplicidad de líneas de estudio desde la perspectiva de gé nero. Concretamente se han abierto y desarrollado ocho grandes líneas de análisis: medios de comu nicación, socioeducativa, sociohistórica, orienta ción e identidad de género, deporte y corporeidad, práctica deportiva, psicología social y gestión del deporte. Estas líneas no son las únicas, pero constituyen una realidad importante y actual de la investigación en sociología del deporte en España. Líneas además que deben de enriquecerse con nue vos planteamientos y nuevas metodologías ya en uso fuera de nuestro país
Los campamentos de las Falanges juveniles de Franco (1942-1959). Disciplina, obediencia y ardor al servicio de la Falange y de España.
(POLIRED. Revistas Digitales Politécnicas, 2024) Ramírez Macías, Gonzalo; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte; Universidad de Sevilla. HUM1059: Enfoque Crítico del Deporte - Critical Approach on Sport
Los campamentos organizados por las Falanges Juveniles de Franco (1942-1959), asociación juvenil de la Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las J.O.N.S, tenían como ﬁnalidad la socialización política de la juventud española aﬁliada a la Falange. Para ello utilizaron lo que Foucault deﬁne como “disciplinas”, prácticas que buscaban controlar y someter a los individuos para hacerlos dóciles y útiles.Con el objetivo de analizar las disciplinas que se utilizaron en estos campamentos para adoctrinar a los asistentes, se lleva a cabo un análisis de los mismos a partir de fuentes primarias, con el apoyo de otras secundarias. Los resultados muestran la existencia de hasta diez disciplinas diferentes. Entre ellas destacan la educación física y la práctica de deportes.
La Educación Física de Calidad y sus consideraciones para una aplicación teórico-práctica en el aula: una revisión narrativa
(Gymnos, 2023) Rivero Alvea, Germán; Ries, Francis; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte; Universidad de Sevilla. HUM-962: Sport and Physical Activity from a Multidisciplinary Perspective
La Educación Física de Calidad (EFC) es un ámbito de estudio impulsado principalmente por la UNESCO que desde los últimos años ha recibido interés por parte de diferentes investigaciones. El objetivo del estudio ha sido recopilar las principales aportaciones científicas recientes tanto teóricas como prácticas más características de este ámbito de estudio. Para ello, se ha elaborado un proceso de búsqueda y revisión narrativa a través de diferentes bases de datos (SportDiscus, ERIC, Taylor & Francis, Web of Science, Dialnet y Scopus), organizando los resultados en las tres dimensiones principales que configuran la EFC: currículum, pedagogía y evaluación. Los hallazgos principales encontrados en la presente investigación ponen de manifiesto la importan-cia de las medidas político-legislativas y de las percepciones del profesorado en la construcción de un currículum de calidad en Educación Física (EF). Asimismo, el uso de modelos pedagógicos se propone desde diferentes publicaciones como una alternativa metodológica de calidad. Por último, las características que debe contemplar una evaluación dentro de la EFC también son comentadas. Esta revisión puede servir de guía para que el profesorado de EF pueda comprender e iniciar la EFC en sus clases desde una perspectiva teórico-práctica basada en evidencia
Encuesta sobre métodos de enseñanza de la investigación en la formación del profesorado en Educación Física y Deporte: validez y confiabilidad
(FEDERACION ESPANOLA ASOC DOCENTES EDUCACION FISICA-FEADEF; Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica (FEADEF), 2024) Alfonzo Marín, Arnoldo Eliezer; Cachón Zagalaz, Javier; Enríquez Caro, Lázaro clodoaldo; Castillo Andrés, Óscar del; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte; Universidad de Sevilla. HUM1092: Investigación en Actividad Física, Calidad de Vida y Educación Física.
En el ámbito de la educación superior, la enseñanza de la investigación en la formación del profesorado de Educación Física y Deporte enfrenta importantes desafíos. Los métodos tradicionales, centrados en clases magistrales, limitan la participación estudiantil y dificultan la comprensión del propósito de la investigación. Para abordar esta problemática, se desarrolló la encuesta ALCADE, diseñada para diagnosticar el método de enseñanza que priorizan los docentes en la formación investigativa del profesorado de Educación Física y Deporte. Este estudio descriptivo e instrumental se centró en la determinación de la validez y confiabilidad de la encuesta. Se aplicó el Coeficiente de Validez de Contenido de Hernández-Nieto, (2002), con un juicio de cinco expertos, con un promedio de experiencia en el área de 19,8 años y se evaluó la confiabilidad con el Alfa de Cronbach en un grupo piloto de 14 docentes. Los resultados confirmaron la validez del instrumento, donde se obtuvo un resultado de validez y concordancia excelente, con un CVCt = ,955, y una muy buena consistencia interna, con un Alfa de Cronbach de ,893, respaldado por un enfoque teórico que destaca el constructivismo y las metodologías activas como esenciales para el desarrollo de habilidades críticas en la práctica docente. La encuesta propuesta, no solo diagnostica los métodos de enseñanza de la investigación, sino que además permite hacer presunciones sobre el estado actual de la enseñanza en esta área, contribuyendo al diseño de programas formativos más sólidos, orientados al desarrollo integral del profesorado en Educación Física y Deporte.
Be more human. Is Reebok breaking women’s boundaries in sports?
(Taylor & Francis, 2020) Piedra de la Cuadra, Joaquín; Nuñez Domínguez, Trinidad; Troyano Rodríguez, Yolanda; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Psicología Social; Universidad de Sevilla.HUM-1059 :Enfoque Crítico del Deporte - Critical Approach on Sport; Universidad de Sevilla.HUM-390: Grupo de investigación didáctica: analísis tecnológico y cualitativo de los PROC de Enseñanza-Aprendizaje; Universidad de Málaga. SEJ-635: Feminismo, comunicación y cooperación para la justicia social
Modern sports have increasingly acquired more social relevance, amplified as it is by the media and, especially, advertising, thereby making sports closer than ever to the average citizen. In 2015 the sports brand Reebok initiated a campaign to promote fitness by highlighting and valuing the human side of sports. The objective of this study is to analyze this campaign, assessing the existence of sexist prejudices, if any. Content analysis has been chosen as the method of study. A total of 439 images uploaded by Instagram users between January 2015 and May 2016 that were employed in Reebok’s campaign have been evaluated. The re- sults indicate that photos of single, thin, and white women predominate. We can conclude that although the photos in Reebok’s campaign portray women in attitudes contrary to what sexist prejudices dictate – e.g. sweaty, tired – there is a clear adjustment to the canons of beauty that have traditionally been projected onto women
Operación Feria’: a critical analysis of body discourses on Instagram
(Taylor & Francis, 2023) Piedra de la Cuadra, Joaquín; Varea, Valeria; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte; Universidad de Sevilla. HUM-1059: Enfoque Crítico del Deporte - Critical Approach on Sport
Narrow understandings about fatness and health continue to prevail in the West. However, we have witnessed emerging trends and move ments against these dominant discourses. Examples of these counter discourses are the fat acceptance and body positivity movements. Social media is a space where confrontation and discrepancies between these different discourses are common, particularly in relation to non- normative bodies. This paper explores how Instagram users reinforce or challenge underlying assumptions regarding the ‘Operación Feria’ advertising campaign, which focuses on promoting physical exercise to fight obesity and fatness. A total of 1,930 comments posted on Instagram were analysed using a discourse analysis approach. Two main narratives were constructed from the data. On the one hand, there is a dominant position that challenges societal norms regarding bodies, which confronts fat-phobia and stereotypes. On the other hand, there is a reinforcement of the campaign with a discourse based on humour, victimhood and medical terms
The Relationship Between Motor Competence, Body Composition, Handgrip Strength and Sports Participation Among Icelandic Adolescents
(Team, 2023) Gisladottir, Thordis; Gálan López, Pablo; Ries, Francis; Petrović, Miloš; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte; Universidad de Sevilla. HUM-962: Sport and Physical Activity from a Multidisciplinary Perspective
Motor competence can affect participation in sports and physical activity among adolescents. The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between motor competence, body composition, handgrip strength (HGS) and sports par ticipation in 13-16 years old adolescents, as well as to examine gender differences. Data for 177 boys and 153 girls were collected and analysed. Body composition was assessed by measuring height, weight, waist circumference, body fat percent age (FAT%), and calculating body mass index (BMI). Motor competence was determined by using the Movement Assessment Battery test (MABC-2) which consists of eight tasks that measure aiming and catching, balance, and manual dexterity. Handgrip strength was assessed by using hand dynamometer and the question about sports participation was retained from a detailed questionnaire for the current study. The results of the study show that girls have better motor competence in the 13-, 14- and 15-year-old age groups (13 years girls: 10.3, boys: 8.7; 14 years girls: 10.3, boys: 9.2; 15 years girls: 10.1, boys: 8.6, respectively), but there was no significant difference between the genders in the 16-year-old age group (girls: 9.6, boys: 9.0, respectively). HGS had a positive correlation with FAT% (r=0.5, p<0.05) and waist circumference in 13- year-old girls (r=0.5, p<0.05), BMI in boys age of 16 (r=0.3, p<0.05), and FAT% (r=0.4, p<0.05) and MABC-2 in girls 16-years old (r=0.6, p<0.05). Participation in organized sports activities was the most important factor when predicting motor competence in 13- to 16-year old adolescents (t=3.7, p<0.05). Future studies should consider the development of gender differences from a long-term per spective, and in that sense, longitudinal studies could give better explanations
Self-identity as a component of the Theory of Planned Behaviour in predicting physical activity
(Sage Publications ltd, 2012) Ries, Francis; Hein, Vello; Pihu, Maret; Armenta, José Manuel Sevillano; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte; Universidad de Sevilla. HUM-962: Sport and Physical Activity from a Multidisciplinary Perspective
This study aimed to investigate the role of self-identity, defined as salient and enduring aspects of one’s self-perception (Sparks, 2000), in relation to adolescent physical activity (PA) intentions within the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). School students aged 12 to 18 from two cultural groups (Estonia and Spain) completed measures of attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, self-identity, and intentions for PA. Four weeks later participants completed self-reported measures of PA. A structural equation model showed that self-identity had a direct effect on PA intention (b ¼ .33, p < .01) and PA behaviour (b ¼ .31, p < .01). The model accounted for 45% of the variance of PA behaviour from which 4% can be attributed to self-identity. The effect of self-identity on PA was also partially mediated via intention. The multi-group comparison between two cultural groups indicated that no invariances existed between the models of the observed samples
Acculturation through sport: Different contexts different meanings
(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis, 2018) Elbe, Anne Marie; Hatzigeorgiadis, Antonis; Morela, Eleftheria; Ries, Francis; Kouli, Olga; Sanchez, Xavier; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte; Universidad de Sevilla. HUM-962: Sport and Physical Activity from a Multidisciplinary Perspective
Research on the role of sport as a social integrative agent for migrants has provided equivocal results. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between ethnic–cultural identity and sport environmental factors. Young migrant male athletes from two different societal and sport contexts were studied: migrants from Eastern European countries living in Greece (n = 60) and from Latin America living in Spain (n = 60). Participants completed measures of ethnic and cultural identity, task-oriented motivational climate, and autonomysupportive coaching behaviour. Analysis of variance revealed that Eastern European inhabitants of Greece scored higher on fringe and assimilation, and lower on lack of interaction compared to Latin American inhabitants of Spain. In addition, for the former group, a mastery motivational climate and autonomy-supportive coaching predicted an integrative identity, whereas for the latter group, the motivational environment did not predict acculturation patterns. The results suggest that sport may serve different acculturation purposes, thus explaining to a degree the lack of consistent results regarding the integrative role of sport. The study provides preliminary support for the importance of the sport motivational environment for the facilitation of integration

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