Artículos (Anatomía y Embriología Humana)
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Artículo Study of the impact on zygomatic bone using numerical simulation(MDPI, 2024-11-14) Ruiz-de-León, Gonzalo; Baus Domínguez, María; González Martín, María Isabel; Gutiérrez Corrales, Aída; Torres-Carranza, Eusebio; Martínez-González, Álvaro-José; Torres-Lagares, Daniel; López Millán, Jose Manuel; Ambrosiani Fernández, Jesús; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estomatología; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Cirugía; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología Humana; Universidad de Sevilla. CTS-1050: Cuidados Complejos, Cronicidad y Resultados en Salud; Universidad de Sevilla. CTS-523: Innovación y desarrollo en técnicas y fundamentos de cirugía bucal y craneofacial; Universidad de Sevilla. CTS-1037: Abordaje multidisciplinar de la patología rinosinusal, otológica y de base de cráneoThe zygomatic bone, a fundamental structure in facial anatomy, is exposed to fractures in impact situations, such as traffic accidents or contact sports. The installation of zygomatic implants can also alter the distribution of forces in this region, increasing the risk of fractures. To evaluate this situation, the first step is to develop a complex anatomical model from the stomatognathic point of view so that simulations in this sense can be validated. This study uses numerical simulation using a finite-element method (FEM) to analyze the behavior of the zygomatic bone under impacts of different velocities, offering a more realistic approach than previous studies by including the mandible, cervical spine, and masticatory muscles. Methods: An FEM model was developed based on 3D scans of actual bones, and simulations were performed using Abaqus Explicit 2023 software (Dassault Systemes, Vélizy-Villacoublay, France). The impact was evaluated using a steel cylinder (200 mm length, 40 mm diameter, 2 kg weight) impacted at speeds of 5, 10, 15, and 20 km/h. Zygomatic, maxillary, and mandibular bone properties were based on dynamic stiffness parameters, and bone damage was analyzed using ductile fracture and fracture energy criteria. Results: The results show that at impact velocities of 15 and 20 km/h, the zygomatic bone suffered crush fractures, with impact forces up to 400 kg. At 10 km/h, a combination of crushing and bending was observed, while at 5 km/h, only local damage without complete fracture was detected. The maximum stresses were concentrated at the zygoma–jaw junction, with values above 100 MPa at some critical points. Conclusion: The FEM model developed offers a detailed representation of the mechanical behavior, integrating the main structures of the stomatognathic apparatus of the zygomatic bone under impact, providing valuable information to, for example, advance injury prevention and zygomatic implant design. Higher impact velocities result in severe fractures, underscoring the need for protective measures in clinical and sports settings.Artículo Fractura de fatiga del sacro como causa de dolor glúteo profundo: revisión bibliográfica y exposición de un caso clínico(Elsevier, 2023) Palma Vallejo, Valeria; Beas Jiménez, Juan de Dios; Úbeda Pérez de Heredia, Iñigo; Álvarez Recio, Isabel; León Garrigosa, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología HumanaEl Síndrome de Dolor Glúteo Profundo lo puede causar una fractura de fatiga del sacro. Objetivo: Facilitar el diagnóstico del Síndrome de Dolor Glúteo Profundo exponiendo un caso clínico y revisión bibliográfica de fractura de fatiga del sacro. Metodología: Búsqueda bibliográfica en PubMed sobre fractura de fatiga del sacro en atletas y descripción de un caso clínico de ésta. Resultados: De la bibliografía consultada se desprende que los principales factores predisponentes de una fractura de fatiga del sacro son las cargas desproporcionadas, baja densidad mineral ósea, alteraciones biomecánicas y una superficie de carrera dura. Estas fracturas son más frecuentes en corredores de larga distancia. El diagnóstico de elección es la Resonancia Magnética Nuclear. El tratamiento recomendable sería el reposo de la actividad causante, suplementación con vitamina D y calcio y magnetoterapia. Se describe la clínica, exploraciones complementarias y evolución de un duatleta con fractura de fatiga de sacroArtículo A morphometric study of the secretory granules of the granular duct in the submaxillary gland of the rat following stimulation with noradrenalin and isoproterenol(F HERNANDEZ, 1990) Gutierrez, M. S.; Galera, H.; Bullon, Pedro; Hevia, A.; Dorado-Ocaña, Manuel E.; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología Humana; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de EstomatologíaIn the present work, we carry out a morphometric analysis, at ultrastructural level, of the secretory granules of the granular undulated duct of the submaxillary gland of the rat, under basal conditions (Control Group or I), following stimulation for 10 minutes with 2 mg1100 g weight of Isoproterenol (Group 11), and following stimulation with 2 gamrnas/100 g weight of Noradrenalin for the same time as in the former case. It is seen that in general, Noradrenalin produces the appearance of a greater number of small granules than does Isoproterenol or the control group; and that Isoproterenol induces the presence of larger-sized granules than does Noradrenalin.Artículo Effects of membrane depolarization and divalent-cations on anaphylactic histamine secretion(1986) Pintado, E.; Dorado, M.E.; Tabares, Lucía; López Barneo, José; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología Humana; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Fisiología Médica y BiofísicaThe effects of membrane depolariz.ation and divalent cations on histamine release have been studied in sensitized mast cells. Membrane potential of these cells has been measured with intracellular microelectrodes. Our results show that mast cells have a large resting potential (-61512 mV) however they do not generate active membrane electrical responses when are depolarized by passing current through the recording microelectrode. High external K+ does not increase histamine release. Histamine secretion is supported by alkaliearth divalent cations (Ca2+> Sr2+>Ba2+) but strongly inhibited by transition metals. Ca2+ concentrations above 1 mM inhibit histamine release, however, this effect is not mimicked by Sr2+ and Ba2+.Artículo Two modes of cell migration in the ventral horn of the spinal cord in the chick embryo. A Golgy study(Universidad de Murcia . Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histologia, 1990-04-05) Dorado-Ocaña, Manuel E.; Chmielewski Álvarez, Carola; Quesada Ruiz, Adela; Genis Gálvez, José María; Prada Elena, Francisco Andrés; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología HumanaSurnrnary. The migration process of the ventral horn in chick embryo spinal cord cells has been studied between 2.5 and 5 days of incubation (HH-17, HH-26), using the Golgi technique. Two different migratory modes are observed. Type 1.- Migration by nucleus translocation. Most of the ventral horn motor neurons migrate by nucleus translocation within the peripheral cylinder of the cytoplasm (migration by nucleus translocation). Type 11.- Free migration cells. Other cells migrate disconnected from both limiting surfaces (ventricular and pial). On the basis of shape and migratory behaviour they have been identified as smooth cells and multipodial cells.Artículo Regional adaptation of Muller cells in the chick retina. A Golgi and electron microscopical study(Universidad de Murcia . Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histologia, 1989-01-01) Prada Elena, Francisco Andrés; Espinar García, Auxiliadora; Chmielewski Álvarez, Carola; Dorado-Ocaña, Manuel E.; Genis Gálvez, José María; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología HumanaWe report the morphological differences of Müller cells in relation to their topography, using the Golgi method. Müller cells in the central retina are long and slender, with numerous inner prolongations. In the peripheral retina, the morphology of the Müller cells adapts to the reduced thickness of the retina1 layers. In this zone, they are short and have thick inner prolongations which end in a large foot in the internal limiting membrane. In the optic disc margin, Müller cells have a particular morphology characterized by thick, arched prolongations that in general form a glial network between the retina and optic nerve. The ultrastructure of these cells is also described. The results are discussed with respect to the nature of Müller cells.Artículo Modifications in the distribution of met-enkephalin in the pons of the cat, following the intravenous administration of clonidine: An immunocytochemical experimental study(Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 1998-07-27) Vazquez, J.; Muñoz, M.; García, J. C.; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología HumanaThe distribution of rnet-enkephalin in the cat and its rnodifications following the stirnulation by intravenous clonidine, was studied with indirect irnrnunocytochernical techniques. We observed a decrease in the irnrnunoreactivity of rnet-enkephalin following the adrninistration of clonidine, relative to the controls, in the following structures: locus coeruleus, nucleus cuneforrnis, forrnatio reticularis, nucleus gigantocellularis, nucleus reticularis lateralis, nucleus reticularis, nucleus reticularis parvocellularis, nucleus sensorius superior n. trigernini, nucleus raphes, substantia grisea periventricularis, nucleus erninentiae teretis, colliculus inferior, nucleus rnotorius n. trigemini, nucleus tracto spinalis n. trigernini, tractus spinalis n. trigernini and nucleus tracto rnesencephalici n. trigernini. These experimental observations link the irnrnunoreactivity changes to the structures that are associated with the direct action of clonidine and conclude that the pars rnetencephalinergicus of the efferent pontine pathway of pain is in rnorpho-functional relationship with the analgesia produced by clonidine; an analgesic of an endogenous opiate character.Artículo Effect of ethanol on the cerebellar cortex of the chick embryo(1990-10-15) Quesada Ruiz, Adela; Prada Elena, Francisco Andrés; Espinar García, Auxiliadora; Genis Gálvez, José María; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología HumanaThe effect of ethanol on the cerebellar cortex of chick embryos was studied in semi-thin sections of material prepared for electron microscopy. The embryos were injected with ethanol on the 3rd or 6th day of incubation and observed until days 13, 15, 17 and 21 of development. A decrease was seen in the number of germinal cells generated, together with defects in neuronal migration and the existence of a lower quantity of cells due to a generalised process of cell death. At the same time, a progressive neuronal degeneration was observed until the 15th day of incubation, the tissue recovering progressively on days 17 and 21. On the other hand, the embryos treated with ethanol on the 3rd day were less affected than those injected on the 6th day.Artículo A morphometric study of the secretory granules of the granular duct in the submaxillary gland of the rat following stimulation with noradrenalin and isoproterenol(Universidad de Murcia.Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología. F. Hernández, 1990-08-29) Gutierrez Marín, María Soledad; Galera Ruiz, Hugo; Bullon, Pedro; Hevia Alonso, Antonio; Dorado-Ocaña, Manuel E.; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología Humana; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Cirugía; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Estomatología; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Farmacología, Pediatría y Radiología; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología Humana; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de EstomatologíaIn the present work, we carry out a morphometric analysis, at ultrastructural level, of the secretory granules of the granular undulated duct of the submaxillary gland of the rat, under basal conditions (Control Group or I), following stimulation for 10 minutes with 2 mg1100 g weight of Isoproterenol (Group 11), and following stimulation with 2 gamrnas/100 g weight of Noradrenalin for the same time as in the former case. It is seen that in general, Noradrenalin produces the appearance of a greater number of small granules than does Isoproterenol or the control group; and that Isoproterenol induces the presence of larger-sized granules than does Noradrenalin.Artículo Late events in the migrative behaviour of the retinal ganglion cells. A Golgi study in the chick retina(Universidad de Murcia . Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histologia, 1993-01-01) Genis Gálvez, José María; García Lomas, V.; Espinar García, Auxiliadora; Dorado-Ocaña, Manuel E.; Prada Elena, Francisco Andrés; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología HumanaThe final displacement of the prospective ganglion neurons toward the ganglion cell layer (GCL) has been analyzed in chicken embryos during days 8 and 9 of incubation with the help of the Golgi method and computer-assisted image processing. Our findings indicate that some ganglionar soma are still located in the inner nuclear layer (INL) while others pierce the inner plexiform layer (IPL), exhibiting morphological adaptation of their perikaryon. The changing morphology of these delayed retinal ganglion neuroblasts seems to be due to the late translocation of the cell perikaryon to the GCL. This late migrative displacement of the ganglionar population is discussed in relation to the presence of displaced ganglion cells of Dogiel.Artículo Pattern of degeneration of the rat inferior olivary complex after the early postnatal axotomy of the olivocerebellar projection(Universidad de Murcia . Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histologia, 1996-04-24) Armengol Butrón de Mújica, José Ángel; López-Roman, A.; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Anatomía y EmbriologíaNeuronal death of inferior olivary neurons after early axotomy of the olivocerebellar tract was studied in newborn (Pl) hemicerebellectomized rats during the first six days after lesion. The degeneration of the inferior olive showed a topographic pattem from one (P2) to six days after axotomy (P7), after which this complex had almost completely disappeared. The first degenerative changes were observed in the principal olive (P2), while the media1 accessory olive was the later-degenerated area (P5). The analysis of these degenerative changes provides a reference for future experimental studies. Furthermore, the topographic study of the degenerative process demonstrated that: i) the most vulnerable neurons were dorsolaterally located, whereas the most resistant ones occupied the media1 aspect of the inferior olivary complex, ii) the comparison between the topographical arrangement of the inferior olivary neurons according to their birth dates, and the rate of degenerative changes observed after hemicerebellectomy, open the possibility that the neurona1 generation date and the response to the axotomy of the inferior olivary neurons could be related.Artículo DNA synthesis in the embryonic chick lens epithelium is arrested after experimental lens rotation(Universidad de Murcia . Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histologia, 1994-01-01) Prada Elena, Francisco Andrés; García Lomas, V.; Genis Gálvez, José María; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología HumanaUsing autoradiographic technique, we have studicd DNA synthesis in normal embryonic chick lens epitheliuni and after experimental lens rotation. Analysis of the autoradiograms clearly demonstrates that when the lens priniordium was rotated 180". so that lens epithelium was placed facing the interior of the optic cup. the lens epithelial cells completely stop DNA synthesis. This fact suggests that some retinal and vitieal factors are responsible for differentiation and replicative capacity of the lens epithelial cells.Artículo Conservación de cortes coronales, sagitales y transversales de sistema nervioso central humano(Universidad de Sevilla, 1997) Espinar García, Auxiliadora; Carmona Bono, Amparo; Ambrosiani Fernández, Jesús; Prada Elena, Francisco Andrés; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología HumanaArtículo Conservación de cortes anatómicos en envases individuales de metacrilato para la enseñanza de la anatomía seccional(Universidad de Sevilla, 1999) Mosquero Soriano, Cándido; Carmona Bono, Amparo; Prada Elena, Francisco Andrés; Jiménez Castellanos, J.; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología HumanaArtículo Estudio de restos humanos procedentes del Dolmen de Cañada Real depositados en el Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología Humanas de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Sevilla(Universidad de Sevilla, 2005) Cabrero García, Rosario; Ambrosiani Fernández, Jesús; Guijo Mauri, Juan Manuel; Gómez Murga, Ezequiel; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología Humana; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Prehistoria y ArqueologíaDon Juan de Mata Carriazo entregó dos lotes de huesos humanos procedentes de su excavación del Dolmen de Cañada Real: uno fue depositado en el Museo Arqueológico de Sevilla, mientras que el otro fue llevado a la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad. Una vez publicados los resultados de los restos óseos del museo, nos detenemos aquí en la descripción de este segundo depósito.Artículo Índice de satisfacción y calidad percibida en una unidad de cirugía mayor ambulatoria de un hospital de tercer nivel(2003) Carave López-Becerra, A.; Docobo Durántez, Fernando; García Durán, Antonio; Durán Ferreras, Ignacio; Vázquez Monchul, Jorge Manuel; Mena Robles, José; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Cirugía; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología HumanaArtículo Obstrucción intestinal por metástasis en íleon terminal de carcinoma mamario lobulillar(2007) Jiménez Rodríguez, Rosa M.; Galindo Galindo, Antonio Jesús; Prendes Sillero, Emilio José; Sousa Vaquero, José María; Bermejo Navas, Alfonso; Bernardos García, Carlos; Palacios González, María del Carmen; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Cirugía; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología Humana; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Fisiología Médica y BiofísicaArtículo Quantitative electroencephalography reveals different physiological profiles between benign and remitting-relapsing multiple sclerosis patients(2008) Vázquez Marrufo, Manuel; González Rosa, Javier; Vaquero Casares, Encarnación; Duque, Pablo; Borges, Mónica; Gómez González, Carlos María; Izquierdo Ayuso, Guillermo; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Psicología Experimental; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología HumanaArtículo Recurrent gastric incarceration in long-term umbilical hernia(2005) Ibáñez Delgado, Francisco; Robles, J.; López Bernal, Francisco; Obispo Entrenas, Ana; Socas Macías, María; Álamo Martínez, José María; Alcántara Gijón, Federico; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Cirugía; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología HumanaArtículo Severe gastrointestinal bleeding associated to massive jejunal diverticulosis and Sintrom treatment(2005) Valera Sánchez, Zoraida; Herrera-Limones, Miguel Ángel; Socas Macías, María; Durán Ferreras, Ignacio; Ibáñez Delgado, Francisco; Álamo Martínez, José María; Flores Cortés, Mercedes; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Cirugía; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología Humana