Robens, CarstenArrazola, IñigoAlt, WolfgangMeschede, DieterLamata Manuel, LucasSolano, EnriqueAlberti, Andrea2024-07-222024-07-222024-07-19Robens, C., Arrazola, I., Alt, W., Meschede, D., Lamata Manuel, L., Solano, E. y Alberti, A. (2024). Boson sampling with ultracold atoms in a programmable optical lattice. Physical Review A, 110 (1), 012615. https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.110.012615.2469-99342469-9926https://hdl.handle.net/11441/161584Sampling from a quantum distribution can be exponentially hard for classical computers and yet could be performed efficiently by a noisy intermediate-scale quantum device. A prime example of a distribution that is hard to sample is given by the output states of a linear interferometer traversed by 𝑁 identical boson particles. Here, we propose a scheme to implement such a boson-sampling machine with ultracold atoms in a polarization-synthesized optical lattice. We experimentally demonstrate the basic building block of such a machine by revealing the Hong-Ou-Mandel interference of two bosonic atoms in a four-mode interferometer. To estimate the sampling rate for large 𝑁, we develop a theoretical model based on a master equation that accounts for particle losses, but does not include technical errors. Our results show that atomic samplers have the potential to achieve a quantum advantage over today's best supercomputers with 𝑁≳40.application/pdf16 p.engAtribución 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.110.012615