2020-02-182020-02-182019-10-17García Muse, T. y Aguilera López, A. (2019). R Loops: From Physiologicalto Pathological Roles. Cell, 179 (3), 604-618.0092-8674https://hdl.handle.net/11441/93300DNA-RNA hybrids play a physiological role in cellular processes, but often, they represent non-scheduled co-transcriptional structures with a negative impact on transcription, replication and DNA repair. Accumulating evidence suggests that they constitute a source of replication stress, DNA breaks and genome instability. Reciprocally, DNA breaks facilitate DNA-RNA hybrid formation by releasing the double helix torsional conformation. Cells avoid DNA-RNA accumulation by either preventing or removing hybrids directly or by DNA repair-coupled mechanisms. Given the R-loop impact on chromatin and genome organization and its potential relation with genetic diseases, we review R-loop homeostasis as well as their physiological and pathological roles.application/pdfengAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/R-loopinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess10.1016/j.cell.2019.08.055