2025-01-102025-01-102024-12-11Arjona, R., Franco Moreno, C., Román Hajderek, R. y Baturone Castillo, M.I. (2024). Combining CRYSTALS-Kyber Homomorphic Encryption with Garbled Circuits for Biometric Authentication. En 2024 International Conference of the Biometrics Special Interest Group (BIOSIG) (1-5), Darmstadt, Germany: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.1617-5468https://hdl.handle.net/11441/166387Biometric data are sensitive according to personal data regulations and ISO/IEC 24745. In a biometric recognition system, biometric data should be protected from their generation to their comparison. In this work, we combine postquantum homomorphic encryption using CRYSTALS-Kyber (the base post-quantum algorithm of the FIPS 203 standard for module-lattice-based key-encapsulation mechanism, recently approved by the NIST) with Garbled Circuits, which allow different parties to compute the result of an operation from private inputs. We propose a protected biometric authentication scheme in which homomorphic encryption with CRYSTALS-Kyber public-key encryption computes the difference between the reference and a query, and a Garbled Circuit (GC) performs the comparison with a threshold. Two GC frameworks, TinyGarble (based on Verilog) and TinyGarble2 (based on C++), are employed to design a privacy-preserving face authentication system with FaceNet embeddings. The two frameworks are compared in terms of design and computation costs. In any case, the authentication takes, approximately, 0.5 seconds.application/pdf6 p.engAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Homomorphic EncryptionCRYSTALS-KyberGarbled CircuitsBiometric Template ProtectionFace Recognitioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObjectinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess10.1109/biosig61931.2024.10786738