de Matos Gomes, E.Belsley, M. S.Criado Vega, AlbertoRodrigues, V. H.Costa, M. M.R.2025-06-102025-06-102008de Matos Gomes, E., Belsley, M.S., Criado Vega, A., Rodrigues, V.H. y Costa, M.M.R. (2008). Pyroelectric Potassium Hydrogen Malate with Polarized Hydrogen Bond Chains and Aligned Dipole Moments. Applied Physics Letters, 93 (22), 222903. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3036010.0003-69511077-3118https://hdl.handle.net/11441/174159A spontaneous polarization of 16 μC/ cm2 at room temperature has been found in the semiorganic crystal potassium hydrogen malate (KHC 4H4O5 · H2O). This high polarization results from a structural arrangement of oriented dipoles formed by the potassium cations and the COO- group from the malate anion, and long hydrogen bonded polarized chains created by the hydrogen L-malate anion via O-H⋯O interactions, directed along the polar sixfold axis. The material shows a second harmonic generation with a rotationally averaged effective second order susceptibility equal to 0.70 of potassium dihydrogen phosphate at an incident wavelength of 1064 nm.application/pdf2 p.engPyroelectricityElectrometersElectrostaticsDielectric materialsDiffractometersFerroelectric materialsPolycrystalline materialSecond harmonic generationChemical elementsChemical bondinginfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://doi.org/10.1063/1.3036010