Polythionates are formed by the incomplete oxidation of sulphide minerals in the grinding and flotation circuits, and particularly of those containing pyrite. Polythionate levels in the recycling water must be adjusted; ...

Water recycling is a common practice in sulphide ore processing plants by flotation. Inherent thiosalts accumulation in process water often causes efficiency drop and environmental issues for wastewater discharging. Passive ...

Oxygen is usually the limiting reagent in bio-leaching processes. For this reason, aeration is a key point to take into account when designing such processes, and the oxygen saturation concentration is an important variable ...

The influence of the presence of an organic phase composed of 15% LIX 64 as extractant and kerosene as solvent on ferrous iron bio-oxidation has been studied. The specific bio-oxidation rate decreased as the organic ...

The flooded packed-bed bioreactor plays a major role in the field of applications of ferrous ion bio-oxidation. The pH is an important variable in the control of this type of reactor, upon which the functionality of biofilm ...

In this work, the recovery of Cu from large waste printed circuit board (PCB) pieces by biogenic ferric sulphate at high solid to liquid ratio was studied. PCB parts were packed in a column and biogenic ferric was constantly ...

Ferrous iron bio-oxidation is negatively affected by the presence of heavy metals. Although the available information relates this phenomenon to purely biological aspects, it is contradictory with respect to tolerance ...

Economic and environmental imperatives force the metallic sulphide processing industry to re-use liquors that normally contain thiosalts; this processing entails difficulties in operation control and losses in metal-extraction ...