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A case-control study of the effects of chronic low back pain in spatiotemporal gait parameters
(2021) Castro Méndez, Aurora; Requelo-Rodríguez, Inmaculada; Pabón Carrasco, Manuel; González Elena, María Luisa; Ponce Blandón, José Antonio; Palomo Toucedo, Inmaculada Concepción; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Enfermería
Chronic low back pain and biomechanical walking imbalances are closely related. It is relevant to identify if there are alterations in spatiotemporal gait patterns in subjects with CLBP (cases) versus healthy subjects (controls) to plan training interventions of motor control gait patterns, and thus allowing normal physical activity of the individual. This study is intended to identify if spatiotemporal alterations occur in the gait cycle in CLBP subjects (cases) compared with a control group (healthy patients) analyzed with an OptoGait LED sensors gait program. Method: A total of n = 147 participants: n = 75 cases (CLBP) and n = 72 healthy controls subjects were studied with OptoGait gait program. Results: Significant differences were found between the two groups and both feet in foot stride, for the differences of the total stride and contact, for gait cadence and total stride length of the gait cycle (p < 0.05). Conclusions: CLBP may alter some normal gait patterns measured by OptoGait; this finding presents imbalances in gait cycle as an underlying factor. The gait is part of daily life of any individual and it is an important physical activity in relation to the maintenance of an optimal state of health. In addition, future studies are deemed necessary.
A cross-sectional study of foot growth and its correlation with anthropometric parameters in a representative cohort of schoolchildren from southern spain
(MDPI, 2021-04-12) González Elena, María Luisa; Fernández-Espejo, Emilio; Castro Méndez, Aurora; Guerra Martín, María Dolores; Córdoba Fernández, Antonio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Podología; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Enfermería; Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla
Background: The relationship between growth of the foot and other anthropometric parameters during body development until puberty has been scarcely studied. Some studies propose that growth of the foot in length may be an early index of puberty. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to analyze the relationship between the growth of the foot in length and width with other anthropometric parameters, in prepubertal and early pubertal schoolchildren (Tanner stage II). Methods: Using an instrument that was designed and calibrated for this purpose, maximum foot length, width and height were obtained in 1005 schoolchildren. Results: The findings indicate that the age of onset of pubertal foot growth spur was 7–8 years in girls, and 8–9 years in boys. Growth in foot length stabilized in both sexes after 12 years of age. In boys, a strong correlation was found between height and foot length (r = 0.884; p < 0.047), and between body mass index (BMI) and forefoot width at 12 years of age (r = 0.935; p < 0.020). A strong correlation was found between height and forefoot width at 6 years in girls (r = 0.719; p < 0.001), as well as between BMI and metatarsal width in 10 years-old girls (r = 0.812; p <0.001). Conclusions: The average increase in foot length and width that precedes the onset of Tanner’s stage II in both girls and boys can be considered as a useful biological indicator of the onset of puberty.
A la búsqueda de la integración de la enseñanza en educación para la salud
(1998) Lomas Campos, María de las Mercedes; Lagares Vallejo, Eloísa; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Enfermería
A multicenter study about the population treated in the respiratory triage stations deployed by the red cross during the COVID-19 pandemic
(MDPI, 2023) Ponce Blandón, José Antonio; Romero Castillo, Rocío; Rodríguez-Leal, Leyre; González-Hervías, Raquel; Velarde-García, Juan Francisco; Álvarez-Embarba, Beatriz; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Enfermería
Care demand exceeded the availability of human and material resources during the COVID-19 pandemic, which is the reason why triage was fundamental. The objective is to know the clinical and sociodemographic factors of confirmed or suspected COVID-19 cases in triage stations from different Ecuadorian provinces. Method: A multicenter study with a retrospective and descriptive design. The patients included were those who accessed the Respiratory Triage stations deployed by the Ecuadorian Red Cross in eight Ecuadorian provinces during March and April 2021. Triage allows for selecting patients that need urgent treatment and favors efficacy of health resources. Results: The study population consisted of a total of 21,120 patients, of which 43.1% were men and 56.9% were women, with an age range between 0 and 98 years old. Severity of COVID-19 behaved differently according to gender, with mild symptoms predominating in women and severe or critical symptoms in men. Higher incidence of critical cases was observed in patients over 65 years old. It was observed that overweight predominated in critical, severe, and moderate cases, while the body mass index of patients with mild symptoms was within the normal range. Conclusions: The Ecuadorian Red Cross units identified some suspected COVID-19 cases, facilitating their follow-up and isolation. Fever was the most significant early finding.
A multimodal database for the collection of interdisciplinary audiological research data in Spain
(Asociación Española de Audiología, 2024-09-27) Callejón Leblic, María Amparo; Blanco Trejo, Sergio; Villarreal-Garza, Brenda; Picazo-Reina, Ana María; Tena García, Beatriz; Lara-Delgado, Ana; Lazo-Maestre, Manuel; Sánchez Gómez, Serafín; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Cirugía; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Enfermería
Hearing loss constitutes a major disability that hinders communica- tion and quality of life. Recent evidence has uncovered its impact on cognitive decline, thus highlighting its multifactorial dimension and the outstanding need for creating multimodal hearing data- sets that further cover clinical data across different health domains. The aim of this study is to develop a multi-collaborative database to systematically collect and analyze interdisciplinary data for audiological research, including auditory thresholds, speech tests, auditory evoked potentials, cognitive and quality-of-life tests, and medical images, among others. The database has been imple- mented in the Otorhinolaryngology Service of the Virgen Macarena University Hospital in Seville, integrated in the Intranet of the Andalusian Health Service, connected to the electronic patients’ medical records. This database relies on open-source software and complies with national and international guidelines on data protection. A specific registry module has been designed to auto- matically import auditory thresholds and auditory evoked poten- tials from clinical devices into the platform. A mobile app has also been implemented to collect questionnaires from patients remotely. A demo web version of the platform is freely available to the audiology community. The multimodal platform developed paves the way towards a multi-collaborative and unified framework for audiology research in Spain. Nevertheless, support from clini- cians and healthcare stakeholders remains critical to develop more evidence and high-quality multimodal open datasets in hearing research.
A new conceptualization of the nurse–patient relationship construct as caring interaction
(Wiley, 2021-04-21) Allande Cussó, Regina; Siles González, José; Ayuso Murillo, Diego; Gómez Salgado, Juan; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Enfermería
The journey through the history of nursing, and its philosophical and political influences of the moment, contextualizes the interest that arose about the nurse–patient relationship after World War II. The concept has always been defined as a relationship but, from a phenomenological approach based on a historical, philosophical, psychological and sociological cosmology, it is possible to re-conceptualize it as ‘caring interaction’. Under the vision of aesthetics and sociopoetics, the object of nursing care is the most delicate, vulnerable and unrepeatable raw material: the person, whose feelings and reciprocity, which must be considered. In addition, it involves the adoption of the socio-critical paradigm, as it considers the importance of actively involving the person, not just patient anymore, or their family in the nursing cares, optimizing the reciprocity inherent to this interactivity. In short, our philosophical and epistemological approach to the concept of nurse–patient relationship proposes a new conceptualization of it as a caring interaction.
'A picture is worth a thousand words’— A photovoice study exploring health professionals’ experiences during the COVID- 19 pandemic
(Wiley, 2021-05-12) Badanta Romero, Bárbara; Acevedo Aguilera, Rosa; Lucchetti, Giancarlo; Diego Cordero, Rocío de; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Enfermería
Aim: To elicit the experiences and perspectives of health professionals working on the frontline in the COVID-19 pandemic. Background: Although some qualitative studies have been carried out in health professionals during COVID-19 pandemic, to our knowledge, no study has used the Photovoice method. Design: A qualitative descriptive study using Photovoice was carried out between March and June 2020. Methods: A total of 20 health professionals were recruited from public and private healthcare services. The participants were invited to share photographs about their experiences while working during COVID-19 pandemic. Following the Photovoice method, audio-recorded interviews were conducted. The data were analysed using the ‘SHOWED’ mnemonic, with five questions answered about each photograph. The EQUATOR checklist has been used. Results/Findings: Three themes emerged: (1) Personal attitudes of health professionals; (2) Support from the community; and (3) Management of institutional resources. Despite the fact that health professionals in this study were exposed to major risks while caring for patients with COVID-19’ they felt a strong sense of responsibility towards the community. In order to handle these stressful situations, they used coping mechanisms, good humour and leisure, but also received support from the population, who saw them as highly skilled health professionals. Conclusion: These findings highlight the essential role of health professionals in the COVID-19 pandemic and the tireless work they are carrying out to provided highly skilled care. Relevance to clinical practice: These findings could contribute to raise awareness on the needs of health professionals during the pandemic, allowing managers to plan strategies to ensure the safety, and well-being of these professionals, as well as adopting similar strategies in their practice to create a space for critical reflection through participatory approaches.
A pilot randomized controlled trial of effectiveness of a psychoeducational intervention on the management of musculoskeletal chronic noncancer pain
(W.B. Saunders Co.; Elsevier Science Inc; Elsevier Bv, 2023-08) Sánchez Gutiérrez, María del Carmen; López Millán, José Manuel; Rivera Sequeiros, Adriana; Gil García, Eugenia; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Cirugía; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Enfermería; Universidad de Sevilla. CTS1050: Cuidados Complejos, Cronicidad y Resultados en Salud.
Aims: To investigate the effectiveness of a psychoeducational intervention on pain intensity management in musculoskeletal chronic noncancer pain and to identify relevant variables and preliminary data to allow the design of a randomized controlled trial. Design: Two arms parallel randomized pilot study. Subjects and setting: ADULT PATIENTS WITH MUSCULOSKELETAL CHRONIC NONCANCER PAIN WITH MODERATE-SEVERE INTENSITY TREATED AT PRIMARY HEALTH CENTERS. Methods: Participants were randomly assigned to a psychoeducational intervention or a control group without intervention. Pain intensity, quality of life, and opioid use were assessed at baseline and at a 1-month follow-up. Results: The sample consisted of 37 adult patients (intervention group: 19; control group: 18). A significant reduction in pain intensity measured by the Verbal Numerical Rating Scale (p = .02, Cohen's d = 0.57) and improvement in quality of life measured by EuroQol-5D questionnaire (p = .04) were observed in the intervention group compared to the control. This improvement on pain intensity was greater in patients without strong opioid treatment (p = .01, Cohen's d = 1.36). Eighty percent of the strong opioids users in the intervention group reduced their consumption, without changes in the control group. Conclusions: These findings provide promising support for the beneficial effects of psychoeducation on the intensity of noncancer chronic musculoskeletal pain. Based on the results, future randomized controlled trials are needed.
A propósito de un caso: hematemesis y lactancia materna
(Asociación de Enfermería Comunitaria, 2012) Salguero Matamoros, Felipe José; Vargas Martínez, Ana Magdalena; Rivera Blanco, Ana Isabel; Muñoz de la Montaña, María Teresa; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Enfermería; Universidad de Sevilla. CTS969: Innovación en Cuidados y Determinantes Sociales en Salud
Una madre acude a la consulta de Enfermería con su bebé, por presentar éste un cuadro de hematemesis. Se lleva a cabo una valoración enfermera tanto del recién nacido como de la madre. No hay ningún patrón con alte- raciones en el bebé, salvo la detección de un frenillo lin- gual corto que precisa una postura correcta para no cau- sar dificultad en la succión. En la valoración materna se detecta una úlcera en el pezón con enrojecimiento, sangra- do al roce y dolor, así como una falta de conocimientos so- bre la lactancia materna, mediante la cual alimenta a su hijo de forma exclusiva. También se aprecia ansiedad y mie- do. A partir de estas valoraciones, se puede determinar que probablemente el factor causante de la hematemesis del bebé sea la ingestión de sangre materna procedente de la lesión de la mama. Por ello se instaura un programa de formación, citando a la madre y al bebé durante cinco días consecutivos, coinci- diendo con la hora aproximada de la toma, para evaluar el bebé, la madre y la lactancia. Se observa curación de la úlcera y la no aparición de nue- vas. Disminución progresiva del dolor, la ansiedad y el mie- do de la madre. Al séptimo día, se observa una lactancia materna correcta y bien instaurada, concluyendo que a través de una buena educación sanitaria y apoyo psicológico, se ha resuelto una situación que en numerosos casos termina con el abando- no de la lactancia natural.
A review of the injuries caused by occupational footwear
(Oxford Univ Press, 2024) Pereira-Barriga, M. C.; Borrero-Hernandez, J. M.; Garcia-Iglesias, J. J.; Lopez-Lopez, D.; Ruiz-Frutos, C.; Allande Cussó, Regina; Gomez-Salgado, J.; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Enfermería
Background: Occupational footwear is intended to provide protection against the risks associated with work activities. Te choice of footwear is complex due to the welfare, health and safety conditions of workers. Aims: To identify the injuries and problems caused by occupational footwear through a systematic review of the existing literature. Methods: A literature search was carried out in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Dialnet Plus, Pubmed, Scientifc Electronic Library Online, Medline, Scopus and Web of Science databases over the period 2000–23, following the PRISMA Declaration guidelines. Results: A total of 27 studies were included in the review. Te results indicated that there is a wide variety of injuries caused by occupational footwear: from dermal injuries (e.g. calluses) and injuries to the nail apparatus to infammatory pathologies such as plantar fasciitis or bursitis. In addition, inappropriate footwear can cause pain in the ankle and foot, knees, hips and lower back. Other results include the discomfort derived from the footwear itself. Conclusions: Inappropriate footwear can cause injuries to the foot and other related bone structures. Further studies are needed on the detection of foot injuries caused by occupational footwear and the levels of action at this level to improve the worker’s health, the adaptability of the footwear to the wearer, and the worker’s comfort and adherence to the footwear.
A second update on mapping the human genetic architecture of COVID-19
(Nature Research, 2023-09-06) The COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative; Romero Gómez, Manuel; Horra Padilla, Carmen de la; Calderón Sandubete, Enrique José; Medrano Ortega, Francisco Javier; Ampuero Herrojo, Javier; Delgado de la Cuesta, Juan; Guerrero Montávez, Juan Miguel; Morilla Romero de la Osa, Rubén; Maya Miles, Douglas; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Enfermería; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina; NIA NIH HHS
Investigating the role of host genetic factors in COVID-19 severity and susceptibility can inform our understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms that influence adverse outcomes and drug development1,2. Here we present a second updated genome-wide association study (GWAS) on COVID-19 severity and infection susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 from the COVID-19 Host Genetic Initiative (data release 7). We performed a meta-analysis of up to 219,692 cases and over 3 million controls, identifying 51 distinct genome-wide significant loci—adding 28 loci from the previous data release2. The increased number of candidate genes at the identified loci helped to map three major biological pathways that are involved in susceptibility and severity: viral entry, airway defence in mucus and type I interferon. (extract)
A short-term evaluation of foot pronation tendency in healthy recreational runners
(MDPI, 2023-11-12) Galloso-Lagos, María José; González Elena, María Luisa; Pérez Belloso, Ana Juana; Coheña Jiménez, Manuel; Elena Pérez, María del Mar; Muriel-Sánchez, Juan Manuel; Castro Méndez, Aurora; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Enfermería; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica
Running is a highly physical activity, and it is related to injuries when there is an excessive pronation of the foot. This study evaluates, from a sample group of healthy recreational runners, if the foot tends to pronate after a period of running activity and when, with respect to a period of running compared to walking, evaluated during several phases: after 30, 45, and 60 min. This quasi-experimental study has been carried out on a total of 36 healthy recreational subjects. The subjects were evaluated during two different activities: running activity for a period of an hour with respect to normal walking activity. The main outcome measures were the foot posture index (FPI) and the navicular drop test (NDT), which were evaluated at p1 (the screening day), after 30 min of activity (p2), after 45 min of activity (p3), and finally after 60 min (p4) during running or walking activity. The analysis showed significant differences for the FPI and NDT variables in both groups and on both feet, comparing p1 and p4. These changes showed a significant relationship comparing p1 and p3 for the FPI variable, and for the NDT variable (p < 0.001) of the left foot and, with respect to the right foot, significance was shown to the FPI comparing the p1 and p2. A significant difference was found in the tendency to pronate the foot after a period of running compared to the same period of walking after 60 min of activity. Running produced an excessive pronation of the foot after 45 min of activity, evaluated with the FPI for both feet.
A Web-Based, Computer-Tailored Intervention to Reduce Alcohol Consumption and Binge Drinking Among Spanish Adolescents: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
(jMIR Publications Inc.,, 2020) Martinez-Montilla, José Manuel; Mercken, Liesbeth; Vries, Hein de; Math, Candel; Lima Rodríguez, Joaquín Salvador; Lima Serrano, Marta; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Enfermería
Background: Alcohol consumption, including binge drinking (BD) and heavy episodic drinking (HED), is one of the leading risk factors among Spanish adolescents leading to significant social, health, and economic consequences. Reduction of BD and HED in adolescents can be achieved using Web-based, computer-tailored (CT) interventions, providing highly personalized feedback that is adapted to a person’s individual characteristics and needs. Randomized controlled trials assessing the effects of tailored BD reduction programs among Spanish adolescents are scarce. Objective: The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of the Web-based, CT intervention Alerta Alcohol, aimed at the prevention of BD in Spanish adolescents. As a secondary outcome, effects on HED, weekly consumption, and any consumption were also assessed. The adherence and process evaluation were assessed. Methods: A cluster randomized controlled trial conducted among 15 Spanish schools was developed. Each school was randomized into either an experimental condition (EC) (N=742) or a control condition (CC) (N=505). Finally, 351 participants for the EC and 261 for the CC were included in the analysis (N=612). Baseline assessment took place in January and February 2017. Demographic variables and alcohol use were assessed at baseline. Follow-up assessment of alcohol use took place 4 months later in May and June 2017. Participants were compared according to their randomization group (EC versus CC). After the baseline assessment, participants in the EC started the intervention, which consisted of short stories about BD, in which CT feedback was based on the I-Change Model for behavior change. Participants in the CC group only received the baseline questionnaire. Effects of the intervention were assessed using a three-level mixed logistic regression analysis for BD, HED, and any consumption, and a three-level mixed linear regression analysis for weekly consumption. Results: In total, 1247 adolescents participated in the baseline assessment and 612 participated in the follow-up assessment; the attrition rate was 50.92%. The intervention was effective in reducing HED among adolescents; the odds of HED in the CC was nine times that in the experimental condition (P=.04). No effects were found for BD, weekly consumption, and any consumption. Process evaluations revealed that the adolescents were satisfied with the program (68.8%), would use the program again (52.9%), and would recommend it to someone else (62.8%). Females and non-binge drinkers showed better responses in he process evaluation. Conclusions: Our intervention was effective regarding HED but not regarding BD, weekly consumption, and any consumption. It may be that limiting alcohol consumption to prevent HED was easier in the Spanish context than it was to carry out further steps, such as reducing other patterns of alcohol consumption. Hence, additional actions are needed to accomplish these latter goals, including community approaches and policy actions aimed at denormalizing alcohol consumption among Spanish adolescents.
Abogacía por la salud de la población gitana: capacitación de profesionales del Distrito Sanitario Sevilla
(Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria, 2020-11-22) Albar Marín, María Jesús; Miranda Rojas, Daniela; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Enfermería; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Psicología Social
Se describe la experiencia de un taller cuyo objetivo fue capacitar a profesionales para abogar por la salud de la población gitana. La abogacía por la salud es recomendada por organismos internacionales y expertos en salud pública para superar las inequidades en salud. Participaron 16 profesionales de tres centros de salud de barrios con una alta densidad de población gitana, en riesgo de exclusión social. El taller se organizó en tres sesiones dirigidas a sensibilizar, dar a conocer el marco conceptual y metodológico de la abogacía, y disenar ˜ un plan de abogacía. Se pone de manifiesto la utilidad de este espacio de reflexión y análisis, y la necesidad de abogar por la salud de la población gitana, junto a otros agentes gitanos/as y sectores comunitarios, identificando oportunidades y utilizando los recursos comunitarios. Futuras investigaciones deben profundizar en el desarrollo de planes de abogacía intersectoriales y difundirlos, para facilitar su implementación en otros contextos de características similares.
Acceso de las personas migrantes a la atención sanitaria en Andalucía.
(2019-01-25) Ruiz Azarola, Ainhoa; Escudero Carretero, María José; March Cerdá, Joan Carles; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Enfermería
Access to healthcare among Chinese immigrants living in Seville, Spain
(Elsevier, 2021-02-22) Badanta Romero, Bárbara; Lucchetti, Giancarlo; Barrientos Trigo, Sergio; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Enfermería
Objective To investigate the use of healthcare services and factors associated with accessing them among Chinese immigrants living in Southern Spain. Method A mixed methodology was used. A cross-sectional survey was first administered to Chinese immigrants (n = 133), and they were asked about their visits to the doctor, use of emergency services, and hospitalization. A phenomenological approach was then used with key informants (n = 7). In the interviews, additional information, such as barriers and facilitators to improving accessibility, was explored. Results In the previous year, 51% had visited a doctor and 34% had visited an Emergency Department. The main reasons for hospitalization were pregnancy (37.5%) and surgery (25%). At least 20% of the sample reported having never visited a doctor. Language difficulties and time constraints were identified as important barriers to accessibility. Sex differences were found among the reasons for lack of time, which, in men, were related to work (odds ratio [OR] = 7.7) and, in women, were related to childcare (OR = 12). The majority of Chinese immigrants preferred to use Traditional Chinese Medicine as their first treatment rather than visiting a doctor. Conclusions A lower use of health services was found among Chinese immigrants in Spain compared to the native population. When using health services, they choose acute care settings. Communication and waiting times are highlighted as major barriers. Adapting these demands to the healthcare system may help immigrants to trust their healthcare providers, thus increasing their use of health services and improving their treatment.
Acculturation, health behaviors, and social relations among Chinese immigrants living in Spain
(MDPI, 2021-07-18) Badanta Romero, Bárbara; Vega Escaño, Juan; Barrientos Trigo, Sergio; Tarriño Concejero, Lorena; García-Carpintero Muñoz, Mª Ángeles; Gónzalez Cano-Caballero, María; Barbero Radío, Antonio Manuel; de-Pedro-Jiménez, Domingo; Lucchetti, Giancarlo; Diego Cordero, Rocío de; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Enfermería
This study aims to identify acculturation experiences about social relations and health behaviors of first-generation Chinese immigrants in the South of Spain, including food patterns, physical exercise, and tobacco and alcohol use. A phenomenological qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews, informal conversations, and field notes. All data were analyzed under the Berry’s Model of Acculturation. A total of 133 Chinese immigrants were included. Our findings show that separation was the dominant acculturation strategy, followed by integration and assimilation, while marginalization was not present in this immigrant population. Most of the immigrant population maintains a link to the customs of their home country, favoring the process of identity and collective self-esteem. These results can help health managers and the government to further understand Chinese immigrants in Europe and to establish appropriate health interventions to this group.
Acoso sexual juvenil en los espacios de ocio nocturno: doble vulnerabilidad femenina
(Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019) García-Carpintero Muñoz, Mª Ángeles; Ruiz Repullo, Carmen; Romo Avilés, Nuria; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Enfermería; Universidad de Sevilla. CTS1050: Cuidados Complejos, Cronicidad y Resultados en Salud
En este artículo se analiza el acoso sexual hacia las chicas jóvenes en los espacios de ocio nocturno. El objetivo se ha centrado en conocer los posibles riesgos, así como las vivencias y percepciones en torno a la violencia de género, específicamente el acoso sexual, que tienen lugar en los espacios de ocio nocturno, analizando a su vez las estrategias y posibilidades de cambio. La metodología es cualitativa, con 24 entrevistas en profundidad, a personas entre 16 y 22 años. Los resultados muestran un discurso de espejismo de la igualdad en el ocio nocturno: ellos pueden tener una sexualidad explícita, ellas deben respetar normas no escritas sobre el uso del espacio público, horarios y lugares. Ellos normalizan el acoso como un elemento más de la fiesta. Se desarrollan estrategias grupales diferenciadas tanto de intimidación como de defensa. Las chicas identifican “puntos negros” o peligrosos. Concluimos que las chicas tienen miedo de ser agredidas sexualmente, y que los varones utilizan el acoso sexual como ejercicio de poder, perpetuando un mandato social diferenciado por género en los espacios de ocio nocturnos.
Actitud frente a la Violencia de Género del alumnado de Enfermería y su relación con la formación universitaria recibida
(2009) Macías Seda, Juana; Gil García, Eugenia; González Rodríguez, María del Mar; García-Carpintero Muñoz, Mª Ángeles; Vázquez Santiago, María Soledad; Casado Mejía, Rosa María; León Larios, Fátima; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Enfermería
El reconocimiento del papel crucial que la educación puede y debe desempeñar en la erradicación de la violencia contra la mujer es una idea consolidada entre las personas que trabajan específicamente en este tema desde distintos ámbitos1, que considera la educación como una herramienta fundamental para cambiar las actitudes y las conductas que llevan a perpetuar el sexismo y la violencia de género de generación en generación2. En concreto en el ámbito de Enfermería hay estudios3, 4 que analizan el posicionamiento de las enfermeras y enfermeros ante esta problemática y revelan un déficit en la formación recibida a nivel de currículo, y un desconocimiento a la hora de derivar estas situaciones sobre todo por entender que es un problema privado5. Además indican que la tasa autocomunicada de maltrato como causa de lesiones mejora cuando la mujer es preguntada por enfermeras y enfermeros sensibilizadas/os y formadas/os en la materia.
Actitudes de adolescentes hacia la salud: evaluación de un programa escolar de promoción de la salud en Sevilla, España
(UNLa Universidad Nacional de Lanús, 2012-09-04) Lima Serrano, Marta; Jesus, Saúl Neves de; Lima Rodríguez, Joaquín Salvador; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Enfermería; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación
The study examined differences in attitudes regarding health within students in their fourth year of mandatory secondary school in Seville, Spain. The students were divided into two groups according to their participation in the "Forma Joven" health promotion program. A descriptive and bivariate analysis was conducted. As there were no significant differences in the socio-demographic characteristics of the two groups, the groups were considered homogeneous. Attitudes were also similar in both groups. Statistically significant differences were only found in the level of danger assigned to two of the thirteen transit situations explored: "not using a seatbelt" and "entering a vehicle when the driver has been drinking," with the lower level of risk corresponding to the group of students participating in the program. These findings are consistent with the results of previous studies and invites reflection upon the effectiveness of such programs. In the case of the "Forma Joven" program, the ineffectiveness could be attributable to a lack of systematization in the program's implementation. In the future, interventions to increase the effectiveness of the program should be proposed.

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