Artículos (Organización Industrial y Gestión de Empresas II)

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://hdl.handle.net/11441/11407

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A comprehensive framework to efficiently plan short and long-term investments in water supply and sewer networks
(Elsevier, 2022-03) Ramos Salgado, Cristóbal; Muñuzuri, Jesús; Aparicio Ruiz, Pablo; Onieva, Luis; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Organización Industrial y Gestión de Empresas II; EMASESA (Empresa Metropolitana de Abastecimiento y Saneamiento de Aguas de Sevilla) grant number 273/17; EMASESA (Empresa Metropolitana de Abastecimiento y Saneamiento de Aguas de Sevilla) grant number 286/17; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP127: Ingeniería de Organización
Water supply and sewer networks are critical infrastructures that provide a basic service to society. However, these systems constantly age and degrade over time. In addition, since network infrastructures are so extensive in length, they require a significant investment in maintenance tasks. Hence, within the context of infrastructure asset management (IAM), accurately defining the most efficient investment planning possible is essential to ensure their long-term sustainability. This paper presents an original five-step comprehensive framework to successfully implement an infrastructure asset management strategy and plan long-term investments. Moreover, this methodology integrates innovative and relevant operational and convenience factors that, while provide the problem both with realism and practicality, have not been addressed so far. To illustrate the usefulness and applicability of this methodology, the case study of a large water company in Spain is presented.
A decision support system to design water supply and sewer pipes replacement intervention programs
(Elsevier Ltd, 2021) Ramos Salgado, Cristóbal; Muñuzuri, Jesús; Aparicio Ruiz, Pablo; Onieva, Luis; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Organización Industrial y Gestión de Empresas II
Asset management in hydraulic infrastructures aims for the long-term sustainability of water distribution and wastewater networks. Strategic maintenance planning has thus been deeply analyzed in the literature for indi vidual water and sewer pipes. However, water utilities do not plan and perform replacement activities on in dividual elements, but rather on coherent aggregations of neighboring pipes. We have developed a decision support system (DSS) to help water utilities design intervention programs for hydraulic infrastructures. It in tegrates a two-stage algorithm that groups water supply and sewer pipes into practical and efficient replacement works, based upon their proximity and their priority of renewal. A multi-objective genetic algorithm optimizes the work programs configurations while integrating the water company’s strategic policy into an innovative multi-objective function. We have applied our methodology to a large water company in Spain and illustrated this application with a sensitivity analysis to determine how the company’s strategic criteria influences the resulting work configurations.
A discrete particle swarm optimization to solve the put-away routing problem in distribution centres
(MDPI, 2020) Gómez Montoya, Rodrigo Andrés; Cano, José Alejandro; Cortés, Pablo; Salazar Arrieta, Fernando; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Organización Industrial y Gestión de Empresas II
Put-away operations typically consist of moving products from depots to allocated storage locations using either operators or Material Handling Equipment (MHE), accounting for important operative costs in warehouses and impacting operations efficiency. Therefore, this paper aims to formulate and solve a Put-away Routing Problem (PRP) in distribution centres (DCs). This PRP formulation represents a novel approach due to the consideration of a fleet of homogeneous Material Handling Equipment (MHE), heterogeneous products linked to a put-away list size, depot location and multi-parallel aisles in a distribution centre. It should be noted that the slotting problem, rather than the PRP, has usually been studied in the literature, whereas the PRP is addressed in this paper. The PRP is solved using a discrete particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm that is compared to tabu search approaches (Classical Tabu Search (CTS), Tabu Search (TS) 2-Opt) and an empirical rule. As a result, it was found that a discrete PSO generates the best solutions, as the time savings range from 2 to 13% relative to CTS and TS 2-Opt for different combinations of factor levels evaluated in the experimentation.
A field study on adaptive thermal comfort in Spanish primary classrooms during summer season
(Elsevier, 2021-10) Aparicio Ruiz, Pablo; Barbadilla Martín, Elena; Guadix Martín, José; Muñuzuri, Jesús; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Organización Industrial y Gestión de Empresas II; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP127: Ingeniería de Organización
The assessment of indoor thermal comfort in schools has become an essential object of study; however, applying existing thermal comfort criteria would assume children and adults have a similar range of thermal comfort, without considering discrepancies regarding their level of activity or their behavioural adaptation. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the thermal comfort in a school building based on an adaptive thermal comfort field study in Seville, in the southwest of Spain, during a summer season. In this study, 2 free-running and 1 air-conditioned classroom were analysed; 67 students aged 10–11 years participated and 2010 thermal questionnaires were collected. A discrepancy was observed between the predicted mean vote and the thermal sensation vote, showing the former is not a good predictor of thermal perception. Thermoneutrality was not always the desired sensation for children; a preference for coolness was detected. A neutral temperature was observed at an average indoor temperature of 24–27 °C and a widening in the thermal comfort range was detected compared with international standards. Regarding adaptive strategies, they showed a preference towards opening windows and doors over using fans or changing clothes. The results suggest that the application of the current models for adults would not be suitable for estimating the thermal comfort of children, and these data could be used to promote natural strategies for assessing thermal comfort over conditioning systems in schools, with the aim of both space ventilation and energy efficiency.
A genetic algorithm for controlling elevator group systems
(Springer, 2003) Cortés, Pablo; Larrañeta Astola, Juan Carlos; Onieva, Luis; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Organización Industrial y Gestión de Empresas II
The efficient performance of elevator group system controllers becomes a first order necessity when the buildings have a high utilisation ratio of the elevators, such as in professional buildings. We present a genetic algorithm that is compared with traditional controller algorithms in industry applications. An ARENA simulation scenario is created during heavy lunchpeak traffic conditions. The results allow us to affirm that our genetic algorithm reaches a better performance attending to the system waiting times than THV algorithm.
A hybrid knowledge-based method for pipe renewal planning in Water Distribution Systems with limited data: Application to Iran
(Elsevier, 2022-10) Salehi, Sattar; Robles-Velasco, Alicia; Seyedzadeh, Ali; Ghazali, Aliakbar; Davoudiseresht, Mohsen; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Organización Industrial y Gestión de Empresas II; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP127: Ingeniería de Organización
This study uses a hybrid knowledge-based method for pipe renewal planning in Water Distribution Systems (WDSs), which is useful when data are limited. The method is applied to eight Iranian WDSs to demonstrate its effectiveness. An evolutionary systems design negotiation method was used to identify planning criteria for pipe renewal by a 17-member team of expert planners. A group of 48 experienced system operators then ranked the criteria by a nominal group technique. The results indicate when accurate operational data are limited, it is possible to use the combined expertise of knowledgeable planners and experienced operators for planning pipe renewal.
A Hybrid Metaheuristic for the Omnichannel Multiproduct Inventory Replenishment Problem
(MDPI, 2022-04) Lorenzo Espejo, Antonio; Muñuzuri, Jesús; Guadix Martín, José; Escudero Santana, Alejandro; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Organización Industrial y Gestión de Empresas II; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP127: Ingeniería de Organización
In the current paradigm for the retail industry, which is experiencing a rapid evolution, especially in textile companies, the generic problem of product allocation in a distribution and supply chain consisting of one main warehouse and several locations, belonging to different sales channels, is a challenge. The omnichannel replenishment process focuses on dynamically optimizing a shop or intermediate warehouse inventory for a wide range of products based on a forecast of sales, in order to fulfill the demand of all of the channels considered. In this context, the aims of this work were (a) to optimize inventory replenishment for multiple channels and products that are not perishable but devalue over time, and (b) to implement a methodology that combines the benefits of the Particle Swarm Optimization metaheuristic and Simulated Annealing. This study was carried out for different sales periods, channels and product configurations by performing a sensitivity analysis between the way new solutions are updated and the degree of intensification used in local search.
A particle swarm optimization algorithm for optimal car-call allocation in elevator group control systems
(Elsevier, 2013) Bolat, Berna; Altun, Oğuz; Cortés, Pablo; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Organización Industrial y Gestión de Empresas II
High-rise buildings require the installation of complex elevator group control systems (EGCS). In vertical transportation, when a passenger makes a hall call by pressing a landing call button installed at the floor and located near the cars of the elevator group, the EGCS must allocate one of the cars of the group to the hall call. We develop a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to deal with this car-call allocation problem. The PSO algorithm is compared to other soft computing techniques such as genetic algorithm and tabu search approaches that have been proved as efficient algorithms for this problem. The proposed PSO algorithm was tested in high-rise buildings from 10 to 24 floors, and several car configurations from 2 to 6 cars. Results from trials show that the proposed PSO algorithm results in better average journey times and computational times compared to genetic and tabu search approaches.
A PLS multigroup analysis of the role of businesswomen in the tourism sector in Andalusia
(Dąbrowa Górnicza, 2020) García-Machado, Juan J.; Barbadilla Martín, Elena; Gutiérrez Rengel, Cristina; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Organización Industrial y Gestión de Empresas II; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP127: Ingeniería de Organización
The objective of this study is to determine the factors that influ-ence “business performance” or the “role of entrepreneurs”, as well as to analyse whether gender functions as a moderating variable, based on a survey conducted on a sample of 127 com-panies. Most of the literature in the tourism sector only considers hotel accommodation; thus, it is still limited in the case of non-hotel accommodation. Our research fills this gap by focusing on both types of establishments. An explanatory and confirmatory model has been carried out based on a PLS-SEM approach, taking the factors that determine business performance into ac-count. Moreover, a MICOM and a multi-group analysis have been undertaken in order to check whether gender acts as a modera-tor. Our findings reveal that there are no significant differences between tourist accommodation companies run by women and men in Andalusia; hence, gender is not a moderating variable regarding business performance. Furthermore, as full measure-ment invariance has been established, a comparison between groups emphasises that the influence of the environment, and the resources and capabilities of the entrepreneur, are factors that affect women more than men, and the number of employ-ees, work experience, and the occupancy rate are more impor-tant for businesswomen, whereas the distance to the nearest airport, check-in, and the occupancy rate are more important for businessmen. This empirical study has practical implications for hospitality industry professionals and concerned authorities which are responsible for designing strategies and policies related to this sector in Andalusia.
A satellite navigation system to improve the management of intermodal drayage
(Elsevier, 2011) Escudero Santana, Alejandro; Muñuzuri, Jesús; Arango Pastrana, Carlos Alberto; Onieva, Luis; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Organización Industrial y Gestión de Empresas II
The intermodal transport chain can become more efficient by means of a good organization of the drayage movements. Drayage in intermodal container terminals involves the pick up or delivery of containers at customer locations, and the main objective is normally the assignment of transportation tasks to the different vehicles, often with the presence of time windows. The literature shows some works on centralised drayage management, but most of them consider the problem only from a static and deterministic perspective, whereas the work we present here incorporates the knowledge of the real-time position of the vehicles, which permanently enables the planner to reassign tasks in case the problem conditions change. This exact knowledge of position of the vehicles is possible thanks to a geographic positioning system by satellite (GPS, Galileo, Glonass), and the results show that this additional data can be used to dynamically improve the solution.
A state of the art on the most relevant patents in vertical transportation in buildings
(Bentham Science Publishers, 2009) Cortés, Pablo; Guadix Martín, José; Muñuzuri, Jesús; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Organización Industrial y Gestión de Empresas II; Junta de Andalucía; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP127: Ingeniería de Organización
Nowadays, the building industry and its associated technologies are experiencing a period of rapid growth, which requires an equivalent growth regarding technologies in the field of vertical transportation. Therefore, the installation of synchronised elevator groups in modern buildings is a common practice in order to govern the dispatching, allocation and movement of the cars shaping the group. So, elevator control and management has become a major field of application for Artificial Intelligence approaches. Methodologies such as fuzzy logic, artificial neural networks, genetic algorithms, ant colonies, or multiagent systems are being successfully proposed in the scientific literature, and are being adopted by the leading elevator companies as elements that differentiate them from their competitors. In this sense, the most relevant companies are adopting strategies based on the protection of their discoveries and inventions as registered patents in different countries throughout the world. This paper presents a comprehensive state of the art of the most relevant recent patents on computer science applied to vertical transportation
A tabu search algorithm for dynamic routing in ATM cell-switching networks
(Elsevier, 2011) Cortés, Pablo; Muñuzuri, Jesús; Fernández Valverde, Joaquín Rodrigo; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Organización Industrial y Gestión de Empresas II; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Telemática
This paper deals with the dynamic routing problem in ATM cell-switching networks. We present a mathematical programming model based on cell loss and a Tabu Search algorithm with short-term memory that is reinforced with a long-term memory procedure. The estimation of the quality of the solutions is fast, due to the specific encoding of the feasible solutions. The Tabu Search algorithm reaches good quality solutions, outperforming other approaches such as Genetic Algorithms and the Minimum Switching Path heuristic, regarding both cell loss and the CPU time consumption. The best results were found for the more complex networks with a high number of switches and links.
A viral system algorithm to optimize the car dispatching in elevator group control systems of tall buildings
(2012-11) Cortés, Pablo; Onieva, Luis; Muñuzuri, Jesús; Guadix Martín, José; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Organización Industrial y Gestión de Empresas II
Nowadays is very common the presence of tall buildings in the business centres of the main cities of the world. Such buildings require the installation of numerous lifts that are coordinated and managed under a unique control system. Population working in the buildings follows a similar traffic pattern generating situations of traffic congestion. The problem arises when a passenger makes a hall call wishing to travel to another floor of the building. The dispatching of the most suitable car is the optimization problem we are tackling in this paper. We develop a viral system algorithm which is based on a bio-inspired virus infection analogy to deal with it. The viral system algorithm is compared to genetic algorithms, and tabu search approaches that have proven efficiency in the vertical transportation literature. The experiments undertaken in tall buildings from 10 to 24 floors, and several car configurations from 2 to 6 cars, provide valuable results and show how viral system outperforms such soft computing algorithms.
A viral system to optimise the daily drayage problem
(Inderscience, 2015) Escudero Santana, Alejandro; Cortés, Pablo; Muñuzuri, Jesús; Aparicio Ruiz, Pablo; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Organización Industrial y Gestión de Empresas II; European Union (UE)
The intermodal transport chain can become more efficient by means of a good organisation of the drayage movements. Drayage in intermodal container terminals involves the pick up or delivery of containers at customer locations, and the main objective is normally the assignment of transportation tasks to the different vehicles, often with the presence of time windows. This paper focuses on a new approach to tackle the daily drayage problem by the use of viral system (VS). VS is a novel bio-inspired approach that makes use of a virus-infection biological analogy that is producing very satisfactory results when dealing with complex problems with huge feasibility region.
An evolutionary fuzzy system to support the replacement policy in water supply networks: The ranking of pipes according to their failure risk
(Elsevier Ltd, 2021) Robles-Velasco, Alicia; Muñuzuri, Jesús; Onieva, Luis; Cortés, Pablo; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Organización Industrial y Gestión de Empresas II; Universidad de Sevilla VI PPIT-US
In this study, an evolutionary fuzzy system is proposed to predict unexpected pipe failures in water supply networks. The system seeks to underpin the decisions of management companies regarding the maintenance and replacement plans of pipes. On the one hand, fuzzy logic provides high degrees of interpretability over other black box models, which is requested in engineering application where decisions have social consequences. On the other hand, the genetic algorithm helps to optimize the parameters that govern the model, specifically, for two purposes: (i) the selection of variables; and (ii) the optimization of membership functions. Data from a real water supply network are used to evaluate the accuracy of the developed system. Several graphs that depict the ranking of pipes according to their risk of failure against the network length to be replaced support the choice of the most successful model. In fact, results demonstrate that the annual replacement of 6.75% of the network length makes it possible to prevent 41.14% of unexpected pipe failures
Análisis comparativo del problema de conformación de lotes con ruteo en la preparación de pedidos respecto al HVRP (Heterogeneous Vehicle Routing Problem)
(CEPADE. Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 2016-06) Gómez, Rodrigo; Correa, Alexander; Muñuzuri, Jesús; Cortés, Pablo; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Organización Industrial y Gestión de Empresas II; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP127: Ingenieria de Organizacion
Este artículo tiene como objetivo comparar la conformación de lotes con ruteo, en la preparación de pedidos respecto al problema HVRP (Heterogeneous Vehicle Routing Problem) basándose en la utilización de una metodología de la revisión sistemática de la literatura. Del análisis comparativo se identifica la necesidad de realizar modificaciones radicales e incluir nuevos componentes al problema HVRP, para modelar la conformación de lotes con ruteo de mínimo tiempo, en la preparación de pedidos, considerando K equipos de manejo de materiales (EMM) heterogéneos, n productos, m posiciones de almacenamiento, la disponibilidad del inventario y demás restricciones asociadas a la operación.
Análisis de una línea de incentivos para proyectos de prevención de la Junta de Andalucía
(Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria, 2012) Carrillo-Castrillo, Jesús Antonio; Onieva, Luis; Ruiz Frutos, Carlos; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Organización Industrial y Gestión de Empresas II
Objetivos: Evaluar un programa de subvenciones para proyectos de prevención de riesgos laborales en PYMES de Andalucía. Se analizan datos y resultados del programa entre 2006 y 2008. Métodos: Se analizaron las características del programa en términos de presupuesto, solicitudes y proyectos financiados. Se evaluó la percepción de las empresas solicitantes en cuanto a adecuación y resultados del programa mediante cuestionario postal anonimizado. Se calculó la incidencia de accidentes de trabajo en 2006 y 2007 en una submuestra de las empresas participantes en el programa en 2006. Resultados: El importe total de las subvenciones (algo más de 17 millones de euros) cubrió el 44% de las inversiones comprometidas por las empresas subvencionadas. Se concedieron en torno al 50% de las ayudas solicitadas. Se recibieron 573 cuestionarios completados (24% del total remitido). Entre las empresas subvencionadas, el 89% considera efectiva la inversión realizada y un 87% estima que han mejorado las condiciones de trabajo en la empresa. La inmensa mayoría de las empresas (>90%) considera que la falta de recursos económicos es un obstáculo para la prevención y que este tipo de ayudas son necesarias. La incidencia de accidentes de trabajo se redujo entre 2007 y 2006 (razón de incidencia 0,93; IC95% 0,78-1,11). Conclusiones: El programa ha tenido una valoración positiva, observándose una reducción de la incidencia de accidentes en las empresas que recibieron incentivos. Es necesario incorporar en el diseño de estos programas los criterios e indicadores necesarios para su evaluación.
El análisis del valor y análisis funcional como herramientas de diseño de los sistemas regionales de innovación
(Universidad de Cartagena, 2016) González Ramírez, Juan; Onieva, Luis; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Organización Industrial y Gestión de Empresas II; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP127: Ingeniería de Organización
El fenómeno de la globalización ha modificado los códigos de conducta de muchos de los actores que operan en la escena mundial. Entre estos, los responsables de los gobiernos locales han visto cómo han tenido que reforzar sus estrategias de desarrollo económico, tecnológico o social para conseguir posicionar su área de influencia en una buena situación en el ranking competitivo global. Se compite a escala mundial pero las estructuras de gobierno, la generación de conocimiento, el poder de influencia sobre las decisiones ciudadanas ocurren a nivel local. Sin embargo, en este nuevo escenario, los responsables de gobiernos locales se han visto, de forma generalizada, incapaces de dar la respuesta adecuada que el nuevo marco exige, carentes de las competencias suficientes para llevar este reto a buen término. Por ello, es oportuno dotar a los gobiernos locales de herramientas capaces de ayudar en el proceso de diseño de políticas de innovación, de manera que los agentes encargados de vertebrar el liderazgo del territorio en el panorama mundial puedan hacerlo con las mayores garantías de éxito. En el presente artículo se propone una aplicación de la metodología de análisis del valor y del análisis funcional como fórmula eficaz para alcanzar el objetivo reseñado.
Análisis económico y de tarifas del sector de aguas urbanas en España
(Asociación para el desarrollo de Ingeniería de Organización, 2022-07) Rodríguez Palero, María; Barbadilla Martín, Elena; Aparicio Ruiz, Pablo; Guadix Martín, José; Robles-Velasco, Alicia; ; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Organización Industrial y Gestión de Empresas II; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP127: Ingeniería de Organización
En España el abastecimiento y saneamiento del agua es competencia municipal, realizándose como gestión directa o indirecta a través de empresas públicas, privadas o mixtas. El presente trabajo recoge el análisis de las empresas que prestan este servicio en las capitales de provincia de España. De las 52 empresas analizadas, se han incluido 46 en el estudio. De estas empresas se ha estudiado el tipo (pública, privada o mixta), así como su rentabilidad económica y financiera a través de cinco ratios. También se ha analizado la tarifa del agua para consumo doméstico de dichas empresas. Para ello se ha analizado el consumo medio de un hogar en España. Se ha analizado si existe correlación entre los mejores resultados económicos y el precio del agua. Además, se ha establecido un ranking global en función de los valores obtenidos para las ratios y la tarifa. Los resultados obtenidos no inducen a pensar que la gestión pública proporciona mejores precios del agua que el sector privado, ni tampoco que obtengan mejores o peores resultados de forma generalizada en cuanto a las empresas analizadas.
Analysis of Required Investigations of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Spain
(MDPI AG, 2019-05) Carrillo-Castrillo, Jesús Antonio; Pérez Mira, Ventura; Pardo Ferreira, María del Carmen; Rubio-Romero, Juan Carlos; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Organización Industrial y Gestión de Empresas II; Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental; Universidad de Sevilla. TEP127: Ingenieria de Organizacion
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are the most common source of occupational health problems in Western countries. In Spain, musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) can be reported either as accidents or occupational diseases. When reported as an occupational disease, a full diagnosis is performed, as the compensation system needs the approval of the social security authority and a mandatory investigation has to be performed. Although many methods are available for investigating the causes of occupational accidents, occupational diseases have not been analysed with the same depth, and there is a lack of investigation methods. This paper aims to analyse the role of 43 occupational investigations of causes of musculoskeletal diseases in the prevention cycle. This study is based on the occupational investigations performed by workplaces’ occupational health and safety specialists when musculoskeletal diseases are reported. The analysis of the data involves descriptive statistics and the Φ coeffcient. Based on administrative data, 68 workplaces employing 15,260 workers were surveyed and 41 workplaces with 13,201 workers submitted valid questionnaires to be analysed. The most frequent cause of reported musculoskeletal disease, in terms of primary risk, is repetitive movement. The only proposed measure with a significant association to the exposure by repetitive movements is job rotation (alternating workers between tasks within a job or between activities as a means to vary different levels of exposure). The investigation of occupational diseases has been useful in most of the cases for proposing preventive measures. Most of the workplaces surveyed have performed investigations and adopted preventive measures, but the managers of some workplaces were not aware of any disease notification regarding their workers when surveyed. More research is needed to provide tools for this important task.

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